公开(公告)号：US4543487A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-24

申请号：US606719

申请日：1984-05-03

Applicant: Pertti Puumalainen ,  Rauno Rantanen ,  Pertti Sikanen

Inventor： Pertti Puumalainen ,  Rauno Rantanen ,  Pertti Sikanen

IPC: H01J37/30 ,  A61L2/08 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B05C9/14 ,  B29C35/08 ,  C08F2/54 ,  G21K1/00 ,  G21K5/04 ,  H01J33/00 ,  H01J37/04 ,  H01J37/301

CPC classification number: H01J33/00

Abstract: The invention concerns a procedure and a means for creating an electron curtain (5) intended to be used in irradiating a surface (8) and adjustable as to its intensity distribution. The electron curtain is elicited by producing with an elongated filament (2) placed in a chamber (1), free electrons in a space (6) surrounding the filament, by accelerating the electrons by means of an electrode structure (3) confining the space and by directing the electron curtain formed by the accelerated electrons out from the chamber through a window (4) permeable to electrons in its wall. It is a substantial novelty in the invention that regulation of the intensity distribution of the electron curtain (5) takes place by use of an elongated body (9) of magnetically soft material and of a row of magnets constituted by magnets (10) placed side by side, one of the two being disposed substantially parallelling the filament (2) behind the filament as seen from the direction of the window (4) of the chamber (1) and the other being disposed outside the window of the chamber before the electron curtain, the basis for the regulation achievable with the magnets being the absorption, dependent on the strength of the magnetic field, of electrons in the electrode structure (3). The magnets (10) being functionally independent of each other, the intensity of the electron curtain can be adjusted to be uniform or to vary as desired at different points of the curtain.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于产生用于照射表面（8）并且可调节其强度分布的电子幕（5）的方法和手段。 通过利用放置在室（1）中的细长丝（2），围绕灯丝的空间（6）中的自由电子产生电子幕，通过限制空间的电极结构（3）加速电子 并且通过将通过加速的电子形成的电子窗口从腔室引导通过其壁中的电子可透过的窗口（4）。 本发明中的一个实质的新颖之处在于，电子幕（5）的强度分布的调节是通过使用磁软材料的细长体（9）和由放置在其上的磁体（10）构成的一排磁体 并且这两个中的一个从灯室（1）的窗口（4）的方向看，从细丝（2）的后面基本平行地布置在灯丝（2）的后面，另一个设置在电子器件的窗口之外 帘幕，磁体是电极结构（3）中的电子吸收的依赖于磁场的强度而实现的调节的基础。 磁体（10）在功能上彼此独立，可以将电子幕的强度调整为均匀或根据需要在帘幕的不同点变化。

公开(公告)号：US4499405A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-12

申请号：US265462

申请日：1981-05-20

Applicant: Gary K. Loda

Inventor： Gary K. Loda

IPC: H01J3/02 ,  H01J33/00 ,  H01J29/50 ,  H01J31/00

CPC classification number: H01J33/00 ,  H01J3/027

Abstract: An improved broad beam electron gun having a hot cathode assembly which is comprised of cathode means for generating a substantially hemispherical space-charge distribution, the cathode means including electron emitting structures having principal electron emissive surfaces which lie in hypothetical cylindrical-shaped surfaces, the axes of revolution of which are coincident with the major axis of symmetry of the electron emitting structure, the major axis of symmetry being orthogonal to the plane of the anode, the electron emitting structures variously including concave filament sections which form a tip, cylinders and coils, and wherein an electron beam of broad, uniform cross-sectional area is obtained without a shaping grid.

Abstract translation: 一种具有热阴极组件的改进的宽束电子枪，其包括用于产生基本上半球形的空间电荷分布的阴极装置，所述阴极装置包括具有位于假想圆柱形表面中的主要电子发射表面的电子发射结构， 其旋转与电子发射结构的主要对称轴线重合，对称的主轴与阳极的平面正交，电子发射结构各不相同地包括形成尖端，圆柱体和线圈的凹形细丝部分， 并且其中获得宽而均匀横截面面积的电子束而没有成形网格。

公开(公告)号：US4396841A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-02

申请号：US276375

申请日：1981-06-16

Applicant: Gennady I. Razin ,  Dmitry S. Valtman

Inventor： Gennady I. Razin ,  Dmitry S. Valtman

IPC: H01J3/28 ,  H01J33/00 ,  H01J3/26

CPC classification number: H01J3/28 ,  H01J33/00

Abstract: A device for scanning a beam of charged particles comprises longitudinal and cross-sectional scanning electromagnets (1,4) to deflect the beam, respectively, lengthwise and crosswise over the exit window (2), longitudinal and cross-sectional scanning current generators (5, 6) to energize the respective electromagnets (1, 4), and a variable delayer (7) connected between the longitudinal scanning current generator (5) and the synchronizing input of the cross-sectional scanning current generator (6) so that pulses arrive at the input of the variable delayer (7) at the moments when current in the windings of the electromagnet (1) reaches its peak. The variable delayer (7) provides N delay times different from each other by a value of .DELTA. t and set in succession as the pulses arrive at its input, the values N and .DELTA. t being determined from the following relationships:.DELTA.t.ltoreq.d/2f.sub.1 L; N.gtoreq.1/f.sub.2 .DELTA.twhered--diameter of the charged particle beam,f.sub.1 --frequency of the longitudinal scanning,f.sub.2 --frequency of the cross-sectional scanning,L--value of maximum deflection of the beam along the length of the exit window.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / SU79 / 00098 Sec。 371日期1981年6月16日第 102（e）日期1981年6月16日PCT提交1979年10月18日PCT公布。 出版物WO81 / 0122800 用于扫描带电粒子束的装置包括纵向和横截面的扫描电磁体（1,4），以分别沿出射窗（2）纵向和横向偏转光束，纵向和横向 用于对各个电磁体（1,4）进行通电的分段扫描电流发生器（5,6）和连接在纵向扫描电流发生器（5）和横截面扫描电流发生器的同步输入端之间的可变延迟器（7） （6），使得脉冲在电磁体（1）的绕组中的电流达到其峰值的时刻到达可变延迟器（7）的输入端。 可变延迟器（7）通过DELTA t的值提供不同的N个延迟时间，并且随着脉冲到达其输入端而连续设置，根据以下关系确定值N和DELTA t：DELTA t < d / 2f1L; N> / = 1 / f2 DELTA t其中带电粒子束的d直径，纵向扫描的f1频率，横截面扫描的f2频率，沿着长度的波长的最大偏转的L值 出口窗口。

公开(公告)号：US4361761A

公开(公告)日：1982-11-30

申请号：US167242

申请日：1980-07-10

Applicant: James R. Treglio

Inventor： James R. Treglio

IPC: H01J3/02 ,  H01J27/02 ,  H01J33/00 ,  H01S1/00

CPC classification number: H01J27/02 ,  H01J3/02 ,  H01J33/00

Abstract: A method and apparatus for merging electrons and ions in a neutralizer region where both are of equal intensity and velocity and directing the beam at a target to be destroyed. The region for merging the beams comprises a plurality of circular electrodes formed in a convex overlapping configuration with circular apertures for receiving ions from a ion source. A separate set of accelerator-decelerator electrodes is positioned to merge the electron beam into the ions in the beam merging region. After the beam leaves the beam merging region it enters an elongated axial magentic field which compresses the beam as it is directed to an object to be destroyed.This device may be housed in a satellite capable of being transported into space and moved within a kill radius of an object. The beam density is determined by the choice of ion species and by merging the beams in a low interaction energy environment.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在中和器区域中并入电子和离子的方法和装置，其中两者具有相同的强度和速度，并且将光束引导到目标被破坏。 用于合流梁的区域包括形成为具有圆形孔的凸起重叠构型的多个圆形电极，用于从离子源接收离子。 放置一组单独的加速器 - 减速电极以将电子束合并到束合并区域中的离子。 在光束离开光束合并区域之后，它进入细长的轴向磁场，当它被定向到要被破坏的物体时，其将压缩光束。 该装置可以容纳在能够被运送到空间中并在物体的杀死半径内移动的卫星中。 光束密度由离子种类的选择和通过在低相互作用能量环境中合并光束来确定。

公开(公告)号：US4100450A

公开(公告)日：1978-07-11

申请号：US769535

申请日：1977-02-17

Applicant: William A. Frutiger ,  David E. Overberg

Inventor： William A. Frutiger ,  David E. Overberg

IPC: H01J33/00 ,  H05H7/06

CPC classification number: H01J33/00

Abstract: This disclosure deals with novel techniques for generating longitudinal strips of energetic electron beams through concentric slotted constructions, being quite adaptable for the generation of multiple beams in different directions that are of very narrow angular transverse extent, as for purposes of line irradiation of articles passing the beams, though the techniques herein disclosed are also useful in other applications of electron beam irradiation.

Abstract translation: 本公开涉及用于通过同心开槽结构产生高能电子束的纵向条的新技术，其适用于在具有非常窄的横向横向范围的不同方向上产生多个波束，以便对于通过 光束，尽管本文公开的技术也可用于电子束照射的其它应用。

公开(公告)号：US4091306A

公开(公告)日：1978-05-23

申请号：US766362

申请日：1977-02-07

Applicant: William Hant

Inventor： William Hant

IPC: H01J29/50

CPC classification number: H01J29/50 ,  H01J33/00

Abstract: Thermionic filaments are arranged in an array which covers a predetermined area. A spreader electrode which may be in the form of a flat plate is placed on one side of the filaments with an anode being placed on the other side of the filaments, and an accelerator grid, focusing plate and collimation plate being placed in that order between the filaments and the anode. The anode is in the form of a foil through which the electrons pass into an area where they are utilized, such as for example a laser cavity where they are utilized to ionize the laser gas. The foil anode is supported on an apertured structure which facilitates the formation of a vacuum tight seal of the vacuum envelope containing the gun and functions as a heat sink to dissipate some of the heat energy developed in the foil. The anode support structure, focusing plate and collimating plate all have apertures formed therethrough which form a plurality of cylindrical channels, these channels covering substantially the entire surface area of the foil anode. The apertures of the support structure, focusing plate and collimation plate are aligned with each other to provide channeled pathways for the electrons between the filaments and the anode. Potentials are applied to the focusing and collimation plates to focus the electrons into circular beams which efficiently pass through the channels between the filaments and the anode with a minimum dissipation of energy in the structures forming the channels.

Abstract translation: 热电偶丝布置成覆盖预定区域的阵列。 可以是平板形式的扩展器电极放置在灯丝的一侧，阳极被放置在灯丝的另一侧，并且加速器栅格，聚焦板和准直板以 长丝和阳极。 阳极是箔的形式，电子通过该箔的形式进入它们被利用的区域，例如激光腔，其中它们被用于电离激光气体。 箔阳极支撑在有孔结构上，其有助于形成包含枪的真空外壳的真空密封，并且用作散热器以消散在箔中产生的一些热能。 阳极支撑结构，聚焦板和准直板都具有通过其形成的孔，其形成多个圆柱形通道，这些通道基本覆盖箔阳极的整个表面区域。 支撑结构，聚焦板和准直板的孔彼此对准，以为细丝和阳极之间的电子提供通道路径。 电势被应用于聚焦和准直板，以将电子聚焦成圆形光束，其有效地穿过灯丝和阳极之间的通道，在形成通道的结构中的能量的最小耗散。

公开(公告)号：US4019088A

公开(公告)日：1977-04-19

申请号：US566049

申请日：1975-04-08

Applicant: Gersh Itskovich Budker ,  Sergei Nikolaevich Morozov ,  Oleg Alexandrovich Nezhevenko ,  Gennady Nikolaevich Ostreiko ,  Isai Abramovich Shekhtman

Inventor： Gersh Itskovich Budker ,  Sergei Nikolaevich Morozov ,  Oleg Alexandrovich Nezhevenko ,  Gennady Nikolaevich Ostreiko ,  Isai Abramovich Shekhtman

IPC: H01J25/78 ,  H01J33/00 ,  H03B13/00 ,  H01J25/22

CPC classification number: H03B13/00 ,  H01J25/78 ,  H01J33/00

Abstract: Vacuum SHF apparatus comprising a means for forming a charged-particle beam, an accelerating tube for imparting relativistic energies to the charged-particle beam, and a deflection yoke for circular scanning of the beam at an input signal frequency, the accelerating tube and the deflection yoke being arranged coaxially with the beam forming means and successively along the path of the charged-particle beam. The apparatus further comprises an additional magnetic deflection yoke for deflecting the scanned beam outwardly from the longitudinal axis of the apparatus, and an annular travelling-wave resonator. The additional magnetic deflection yoke is preferably made as a cone whose vertex faces the charged-particle beam forming means. The annular travelling-wave resonator is so designed that its broader walls are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the apparatus, the broader walls being provided with annular slots for the charged-particle beam, that has been deflected by the additional deflection yoke, to enter and leave the annular resonator. The annular resonator is provided with means for taking SHF energy therefrom.

Abstract translation: {PG，1真空SHF装置，包括用于形成带电粒子束的装置，用于向带电粒子束施加相对论能量的加速管，以及用于以输入信号频率圆形扫描光束的偏转线圈，加速 管和偏转线圈与波束形成装置同轴地布置，并且连续沿着带电粒子束的路径。 该装置还包括附加的偏转磁轭，用于将扫描的光束从装置的纵向轴线向外偏转，以及环形行波谐振器。 附加磁偏转线圈优选地制成为其顶点面向带电粒子束形成装置的锥体。 环形行波谐振器被设计成使得其较宽的壁平行于装置的纵向轴线，更宽的壁设置有已被附加偏转线圈偏转的带电粒子束的环形槽，以进入 并离开环形谐振器。 环形谐振器设置有用于从其获取SHF能量的装置。

公开(公告)号：US3983508A

公开(公告)日：1976-09-28

申请号：US559751

申请日：1975-03-19

Applicant: Daniel Joseph Bradley ,  Marcus Henry Ritchie Hutchinson

Inventor： Daniel Joseph Bradley ,  Marcus Henry Ritchie Hutchinson

IPC: H01S3/038 ,  H01J33/00 ,  H01S3/03 ,  H01S3/097

CPC classification number: H01S3/09707 ,  H01J33/00 ,  H01S3/03

Abstract: A laser comprises a cell containing xenon at high pressure and has its walls previous to high-velocity electrons. The cell is of cylindrical shape and constitutes the anode of a field-emission diode with the cathode of the diode surrounding the anode. Electrons emitted from the cathode thus travel radially inwardly and penetrate the anode walls to excite lasing action.

Abstract translation: 激光器包括在高压下含有氙的电池，并且具有先于高速电子的壁。 电池为圆柱形，并构成场致发射二极管的阳极，二极管的阴极围绕阳极。 从阴极发射的电子因此径向向内移动并穿透阳极壁以激发激光作用。

公开(公告)号：US3963994A

公开(公告)日：1976-06-15

申请号：US541178

申请日：1975-01-15

Applicant: Terry W. Alger ,  Leland G. Schlitt ,  Laird P. Bradley

Inventor： Terry W. Alger ,  Leland G. Schlitt ,  Laird P. Bradley

IPC: H01J33/00 ,  H01S3/097

CPC classification number: H01J33/00 ,  H01S3/09707

Abstract: A laser cavity electron beam injection device provided with a single elongated slit window for passing a suitably shaped electron beam and means for varying the current density of the injected electron beam.

公开(公告)号：US3956712A

公开(公告)日：1976-05-11

申请号：US506568

申请日：1974-09-16

Applicant: William Hant

Inventor： William Hant

IPC: H01J33/00 ,  H01S3/097 ,  H01S3/22 ,  H01S3/09

CPC classification number: H01J33/00 ,  H01S3/09707

Abstract: A plurality of thermionic filaments are arranged in side-by-side relationship. A spreader electrode which may be in the form of a flat plate is placed on one side of the filaments, while an anode is placed on the other side of the filaments, with a grid being interposed between the filaments and the anode. The various aforementioned elements are given dimensions and positioned relative to each other and the voltages thereon adjusted so as to shape the trajectory of the electrons to provide a uniform distribution of electrons at the anode with a minimum dissipation of energy in the grid and spreader electrodes.

Abstract translation: 多个热电偶丝条并排配置。 可以是平板形式的扩展器电极放置在灯丝的一侧，而阳极被放置在灯丝的另一侧，栅格插在灯丝和阳极之间。 各种上述元件被给予尺寸并且相对于彼此定位，并且其上的电压被调节以便塑造电子的轨迹，以在栅极和扩散器电极中以最小的能量耗散在阳极处提供均匀的电子分布。