Abstract:
A copolymer with high chemical homogeneity, consisting of (A) 50 to 30% by weight of ethylene, (B) 50 to 70% by weight of C4- to C24-hydrocarbyl ester of (meth)acrylic acid, (C) 0 to 5% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid and (D) 0 to 10% by weight of copolymerizable monomers, obtainable by polymerizing a mixture of 80 to 60% by weight of ethylene, 20 to 40% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid and 0 to 10% by weight of copolymerizable monomers in a backmixing, continuous polymerization apparatus, and subsequently polymer-analogously esterifying the resulting copolymer with C4- to C24-hydrocarbinols. The inventive copolymer is suitable for improving the cold flow properties of fuel oils, for lowering the lower mixing temperature of cold flow improver additives into fuel oils, and for improving the filterability of fuel oils comprising cold flow improver additives.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a copolymer obtainable by copolymerization of(A) at least one unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or derivatives thereof, (B) at least one α-olefin having from at least 6 up to and including 20 carbon atoms, (C) optionally at least one C3- to C20-alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or a mixture of such alkyl esters and (D) optionally one or more further copolymerizable monomers other than monomers (A), (B) and (C), with a molar incorporation ratio of (A):(B):(C):(D) of 1:0.5 to 2.0:0 to less than 0.5:0 to 0.1 followed by the reaction with at least one dialkylamine (E), where the two alkyl radicals in the at least one dialkylamine (E) are independently alkyl radicals having at least 17 up to 30 carbon atoms.
Abstract:
The use of substituted monoureas, diureas, polyureas, monourethanes, bisurethanes or polyurethanes of the formula R1X—CO—NR3R4 in which X is R2N or O and R1 to R4 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl radicals, alkenyl radicals, cycloalkyl radicals, aryl radicals or arylalkyl radicals, where at least one variable must comprise 4 carbon atoms and where the urea or urethane functionality may be replicated via bridging members, for further improvement of the cold flow properties of mineral oils and crude oils which already comprise further organic compounds suitable for dispersion or for promoting dispersion of paraffin crystals which precipitate under cold conditions, and organic compounds which improve the cold flow characteristics of mineral oils and crude oils.