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    Distributed multi-segmented reconfigurable traveling wave grids for separation of proteins in gel electrophoresis
    2.
    发明申请
    Distributed multi-segmented reconfigurable traveling wave grids for separation of proteins in gel electrophoresis 有权
    分布式多分段可重构行波网格，用于在凝胶电泳中分离蛋白质

    公开(公告)号：US20040251135A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-12-16

    申请号：US10459799

    申请日：2003-06-12

    Applicant: PALO ALTO RESEARCH CENTER INCORPORATED

    Inventor： Meng H. Lean ,  Huangpin Ben Hsieh ,  John S. Fitch ,  Armin R. Volkel ,  Bryan Preas ,  Scott Elrod ,  Richard H. Bruce ,  Eric Peeters ,  Frank Torres ,  Michael Chabinyc

    IPC: G01L001/20 ,  C02F001/40 ,  C25B011/00 ,  C25B009/00

    CPC classification number: G01N27/44713

    Abstract: Various traveling wave grids and electrophoretic systems, and electrode assemblies using such grids, are disclosed. A configuration in which a voltage potential is used to load a biomolecule sample against a grid is disclosed. A unique strategy of using multiple, reconfigurable grids in such systems is also described. The strategy involves initially conducting a broad protein separation and then selectively tailoring one or more grids, and conducting one or more secondary processing operations. Related strategies and specific methods are additionally disclosed for separating samples of biomolecules and components thereof using the noted systems, assemblies, and grids.

    Abstract translation: 公开了各种行波网格和电泳系统以及使用这种格栅的电极组件。 公开了一种使用电压电位将生物分子样品装载在电网上的结构。 还描述了在这种系统中使用多个可重构网格的独特策略。 该策略首先进行广泛的蛋白质分离，然后选择性地定制一个或多个网格，以及进行一个或多个二次加工操作。 另外公开了使用所述系统，组件和网格分离生物分子及其组分的样品的相关策略和具体方法。

    Piezoelectric transducers utilizing sub-diaphragms
    3.
    发明申请
    Piezoelectric transducers utilizing sub-diaphragms 失效
    压电换能器采用副膜片

    公开(公告)号：US20040113521A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-06-17

    申请号：US10319138

    申请日：2002-12-13

    Applicant: Palo Alto Research Center, Incorporated

    Inventor： Steven A. Buhler ,  John S. Fitch ,  Meng H. Lean ,  Karl A. Littau

    IPC: H02N002/00 ,  H01L041/04

    CPC classification number: H01L41/0973 ,  H01L41/1132

    Abstract: A system and method of operation is described which utilizes an array of piezoelectric actuators distributed over the surface of a diaphragm. In one embodiment, the piezoelectric actuator array is used to cause a net motion of the diaphragm equal to the sum of the motions of each individual sub-chamber diaphragm. The system can be used as a sensor where a common motion applied to the sub-chamber diaphragm causes a net charge equal to the sum of the charges on each piezoelectric diaphragm.

    Abstract translation: 描述了一种使用分布在隔膜表面上的压电致动器阵列的系统和操作方法。 在一个实施例中，压电致动器阵列用于使隔膜的净运动等于每个单独的子室隔膜的运动的总和。 该系统可以用作传感器，其中施加到子室隔膜的共同运动导致等于每个压电振膜上的电荷之和的净电荷。

    Methods to make piezoelectric ceramic thick film array and single elements and devices
    5.
    发明申请
    Methods to make piezoelectric ceramic thick film array and single elements and devices 有权
    制造压电陶瓷厚膜阵列和单元件和器件的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20040164650A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-08-26

    申请号：US10376544

    申请日：2003-02-25

    Applicant: PALO ALTO RESEARCH CENTER INCORPORATED

    Inventor： Baomin Xu ,  Steven A. Buhler ,  Michael C. Weisberg ,  William S. Wong ,  Scott E. Solberg ,  Karl A. Littau ,  John S. Fitch ,  Scott A. Elrod

    IPC: H01L041/08

    CPC classification number: B41J2/161 ,  B41J2/1623 ,  B41J2/1632 ,  B41J2/1634 ,  B41J2/1637 ,  B41J2/1646 ,  H01L41/313 ,  H01L41/314 ,  H01L41/331 ,  H01L2221/68368 ,  Y10T29/42 ,  Y10T29/435 ,  Y10T29/49128 ,  Y10T29/4913 ,  Y10T29/49133 ,  Y10T29/49155 ,  Y10T29/4981

    Abstract: A method of producing at least one piezoelectric element includes depositing a piezoelectric ceramic material onto a surface of a first substrate to form at least one piezoelectric element structure. Then an electrode is deposited on a surface of the at least one piezoelectric element structure. Next, the at least one piezoelectric element structure is bonded to a second substrate, the second substrate being conductive or having a conductive layer. The first substrate is then removed from the at least one piezoelectric element structure and a second side electrode is deposited on a second surface of the at least one piezoelectric element structure. A poling operation is performed to provide the at least one piezoelectric element structure with piezoelectric characteristics. In another embodiment, a material for a thick film element is deposited onto a surface of a first substrate to form a thick film element structure having a thickness of between greater than 10 nullm to 100 nullm. The at least one thick film element structure is bonded to a second substrate. Thereafter, the first substrate is removed from the at least one thick film element structure using a liftoff process which includes emitting, from a radiation source (such as a laser or other appropriate device), a beam through the first substrate to an attachment interface formed between the first substrate and the at least one thick film element structure at the surface of the first substrate. The first substrate is substantially transparent at the wavelength of the beam, and the beam generates sufficient energy at the interface to break the attachment.

    Abstract translation: 制造至少一个压电元件的方法包括将压电陶瓷材料沉积到第一基板的表面上以形成至少一个压电元件结构。 然后在至少一个压电元件结构的表面上沉积电极。 接下来，将至少一个压电元件结构接合到第二基板，第二基板是导电的或具有导电层。 然后从至少一个压电元件结构去除第一衬底，并且第二侧电极沉积在至少一个压电元件结构的第二表面上。 执行极化操作以向至少一个压电元件结构提供压电特性。 在另一个实施例中，用于厚膜元件的材料沉积到第一基底的表面上以形成厚度大于10um至100μm的厚膜元件结构。 所述至少一个厚膜元件结构被结合到第二基板。 此后，使用包括从辐射源（例如激光或其它合适的装置）发射通过第一基板的光束到形成的附接接口的剥离过程，从至少一个厚膜元件结构中去除第一基板， 在第一基板和第一基板的表面处的至少一个厚膜元件结构之间。 第一衬底在光束的波长处基本上是透明的，并且光束在界面处产生足够的能量以破坏附件。

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