Sodium powders for use as electrode additives and methods of making and using the same

    公开(公告)号:US12159993B2

    公开(公告)日:2024-12-03

    申请号:US18199430

    申请日:2023-05-19

    Abstract: A method of producing metallic sodium powders. The method includes immersing one or more solid pieces of sodium metal in an organic liquid containing a hydrocarbon oil. The solid piece(s) of sodium metal immersed in the hydrocarbon oil is (are) then subjected to ultrasonic irradiation, wherein the solid piece of sodium metal is fragmented to form sodium powder, resulting in a dispersion of the sodium powder in the organic liquid. The dispersed sodium powder is then separated from the organic liquid, resulting in metallic sodium powder. A method of presodiation of an anode in an electrochemical cell. The method includes adding sodium metal powders to the surface of the anode either as a dry powder or as a suspension of the sodium particles in an organic liquid. An anode in an electrochemical cell containing metallic sodium particles. An electrochemical cell comprising a presodiated anode.

    METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR SENSING VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND GASES RELEASED FROM ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS

    公开(公告)号:US20230375492A1

    公开(公告)日:2023-11-23

    申请号:US18107115

    申请日:2023-02-08

    CPC classification number: G01N27/16 G01R31/392 G01N27/07 G01R31/385

    Abstract: A battery management system (BMS) to detect conditions favorable to thermal runway. The BMS includes Interdigitated Platinum Electrode (IPE) on a substrate. The IPE contains a coating containing PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate). The system has an impedance measuring system (IMS) to measure impedance changes caused in the IPE due to exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOC's) resulting from decomposition of electrolyte in a battery. The impedance changes are indicative of release of the VOC's from the battery signaling a temperature increase in components of the battery. A method of inferring the concentration of VOC's produced by an electrochemical cell. The method includes providing a sensor integrated into the electrochemical cell, the sensor being IPE on a substrate containing a coating containing PEDOT:PSS, recording the impedance response of the sensor to the VOC's released by the electrochemical cell and inferring the concentration of the VOC's.

    METHODS FOR PRODUCING FUNCTIONALIZED CARBON NANOSHEETS AND ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY STORAGE CELLS WITH ELECTRODES FORMED THEREOF

    公开(公告)号:US20210218026A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-07-15

    申请号:US17145644

    申请日:2021-01-11

    Abstract: Methods of producing functionalized carbon nanosheets capable of use as electrode materials in electrochemical energy storage cells, electrodes and electrode materials formed thereby, and electrochemical energy storage cells of sodium-ion batteries that utilize such electrodes and electrode materials. Such a method of producing functionalized carbon nanosheets includes preparing a solution containing dissolved glucose, mixing a quantity of NaCl crystals with the solution to form a mixture, drying the mixture to form a gel comprising NaCl crystals each having a layer of glucose thereon, heating the gel in an inert atmosphere to a processing temperature and for a duration sufficient to cause carbonization of the glucose and in situ functionalization with oxygen-containing functional groups, and removing the NaCl crystals to yield the functionalized carbon nanosheets.

    METHOD OF PRODUCING AMORPHOUS CARBON FIBERS, CARBON FIBERS MADE THEREFROM AND ANODES MADE THEREFROM FOR USE IN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS

    公开(公告)号:US20220259772A1

    公开(公告)日:2022-08-18

    申请号:US17488246

    申请日:2021-09-28

    Inventor: Vilas Ganpat Pol

    Abstract: A method of producing a sulfonated polymer. The method includes providing a source for a quantity of a polymer containing polymer fibers. The quantity of the polymer is heated while immersed in sulfuric acid to 100-200° C. for a period time in a closed reactor containing an atmosphere and capable of holding pressure generated by a reaction between the quantity of the polymer and the sulfuric acid resulting in a sulfonated polymer, wherein substantially all the quantity of the polymer from the source is converted into sulfonated polymer. The sulfonated polymer is then removed from the reactor and dried. An electrode suitable for use as an electrode in an electrochemical energy storage cell is disclosed. The electrode contains amorphous porous carbon fibers made from a sulfonated polymer with a morphology wherein the amorphous porous carbon fibers have the morphology of the sulfonated polymer from which they are made.

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