Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the alkoxylation of a monool with at least one alkoxylating agent to an alkoxylated alcohol wherein a catalyst is employed which comprises a metallo-organic framework material of metal ions and at least bidentate coordinately bound organic ligands.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for carrying out exothermic chemical equilibrium reactions in a fluidized-bed reactor, wherein there is a temperature distribution in the fluidized bed of the fluidized-bed reactor and the temperature difference between the lowest temperature and the highest temperature is at least 10 K. The invention further relates to a fluidized-bed reactor for carrying out chemical reactions in a fluidized bed ( 5 ), wherein at least one heat exchanger ( 12, 28 ) is located in the fluidized bed ( 5 ) to control the temperature distribution.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the alkoxylation of a monool with at least one alkoxylating agent to an alkoxylated alcohol wherein a catalyst is employed which comprises a metallo-organic framework material of metal ions and at least bidentate coordinately bound organic ligands.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for preparing chlorine by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride, which comprises the steps: a) providing a feed gas stream I comprising hydrogen chloride and a feed gas stream II comprising oxygen; b) in a first oxidation stage, feeding the feed gas stream I, the feed gas stream II, if desired a recycle stream la comprising hydrogen chloride and if desired an oxygen-containing recycle stream IIa into a first oxidation zone and bringing them into contact with a first oxidation catalyst so that a first partial amount of the hydrogen chloride is oxidized to chlorine and a gas stream III comprising chlorine, unreacted oxygen, unreacted hydrogen chloride and water vapor is obtained; c) in a second oxidation stage, feeding the gas stream III into a second oxidation zone and bringing it into contact with at least one further oxidation catalyst so that a second partial amount of the hydrogen chloride is oxidized to chlorine and a product gas stream IV comprising chlorine, unreacted oxygen, unreacted hydrogen chloride and water vapor is obtained; d) isolating chloride, if desired the recycle stream Ia and if desired the recycle stream IIa from the product gas stream IV, wherein the first oxidization catalyst in the first oxidation zone is present in a fluidized bed and the further oxidation catalyst or catalysts in the second oxidation zone is/are present in a fixed bed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for preparing chlorine by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride, which comprises the steps: a) providing a feed gas stream I comprising hydrogen chloride and a feed gas stream II comprising oxygen; b) in a first oxidation stage, feeding the feed gas stream I, the feed gas stream II, if desired a recycle stream la comprising hydrogen chloride and if desired an oxygen-containing recycle stream IIa into a first oxidation zone and bringing them into contact with a first oxidation catalyst so that a first partial amount of the hydrogen chloride is oxidized to chlorine and a gas stream III comprising chlorine, unreacted oxygen, unreacted hydrogen chloride and water vapor is obtained; c) in a second oxidation stage, feeding the gas stream III into a second oxidation zone and bringing it into contact with at least one further oxidation catalyst so that a second partial amount of the hydrogen chloride is oxidized to chlorine and a product gas stream IV comprising chlorine, unreacted oxygen, unreacted hydrogen chloride and water vapor is obtained; d) isolating chloride, if desired the recycle stream Ia and if desired the recycle stream IIa from the product gas stream IV, wherein the first oxidization catalyst in the first oxidation zone is present in a fluidized bed and the further oxidation catalyst or catalysts in the second oxidation zone is/are present in a fixed bed.
Abstract:
A polyalkylene carbonate, an alternating copolymer, may be prepared by the ring opening of an alkene oxide or an alkene oxide precursor in the presence of carbon dioxide or any substance delivering carbon oxide, in the presence of at least one catalyst comprising a metal-organic framework material, wherein said framework material comprises pores and a metal ion and an at least bidentate organic compound, said bidentate organic compound being coordinately bound to the metal ion.
Abstract:
A polyalkylene carbonate, an alternating copolymer, may be prepared by the ring opening of an alkene oxide or an alkene oxide precursor in the presence of carbon dioxide or any substance delivering carbon oxide, in the presence of at least one catalyst comprising a metal-organic framework material, wherein said framework material comprises pores and a metal ion and an at least bidentate organic compound, said bidentate organic compound being coordinately bound to the metal ion.
Abstract:
Procedimiento para la obtención de cloro mediante oxidación catalítica en fase gaseosa de cloruro de hidrógeno, con los pasos: a) se pone a disposición una corriente gaseosa de alimentación I que contiene cloruro de hidrógeno, y una corriente gaseosa de alimentación II que contiene oxígeno; b) en una primera etapa de oxidación se alimentan la corriente gaseosa de alimentación I, la corriente gaseosa de alimentación II, en caso dado una recirculación Ia que contiene cloruro de hidrógeno, y en caso dado una recirculación IIa que contiene oxígeno, en una primera zona de oxidación, y se ponen en contacto con un primer catalizador de oxidación, oxidándose una primera cantidad parcial de cloruro de hidrógeno para dar cloro, y obteniéndose una corriente gaseosa III que contiene cloro, oxígeno no transformado, cloruro de hidrógeno no transformado y vapor de agua; c) en una segunda etapa de oxidación se alimenta la corriente gaseosa III a una segunda zona de oxidación, y se pone en contacto con al menos otro catalizador de oxidación, oxidándose una segunda cantidad parcial de cloruro de hidrógeno para dar cloro, y obteniéndose una corriente gaseosa de producto IV, que contiene cloro, oxígeno no transformado, cloruro de hidrógeno no transformado y vapor de agua; d) a partir de la corriente gaseosa de producto IV se obtiene cloro, en caso dado la recirculación Ia, y en caso dado la recirculación IIa, caracterizado porque el primer catalizador de oxidación se presenta en la primera zona de oxidación como lecho fluidizado, y el catalizador o catalizadores de oxidación adicionales se presentan en la segunda zona de oxidación en una carga de lecho fijo.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for preparing chlorine by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride, which comprises the steps: a) providing a feed gas stream I comprising hydrogen chloride and a feed gas stream II comprising oxygen; b) in a first oxidation stage, feeding the feed gas stream I, the feed gas stream II, if desired a recycle stream la comprising hydrogen chloride and if desired an oxygen-containing recycle stream IIa into a first oxidation zone and bringing them into contact with a first oxidation catalyst so that a first partial amount of the hydrogen chloride is oxidized to chlorine and a gas stream III comprising chlorine, unreacted oxygen, unreacted hydrogen chloride and water vapor is obtained; c) in a second oxidation stage, feeding the gas stream III into a second oxidation zone and bringing it into contact with at least one further oxidation catalyst so that a second partial amount of the hydrogen chloride is oxidized to chlorine and a product gas stream IV comprising chlorine, unreacted oxygen, unreacted hydrogen chloride and water vapor is obtained; d) isolating chloride, if desired the recycle stream Ia and if desired the recycle stream IIa from the product gas stream IV, wherein the first oxidization catalyst in the first oxidation zone is present in a fluidized bed and the further oxidation catalyst or catalysts in the second oxidation zone is/are present in a fixed bed.
Abstract:
La presente invencion se relaciona con un proceso para la alcoxilacion de un monool con cuando menos un agente de alcoxilacion a un alcohol alcoxilado en donde un catalizador se emplea que comprende un material de estructura metalo-organica de iones de metal y ligandos organicos coordinadamente ligados cuando menos bidentados.