Abstract:
The invention relates to prepolymers which contain isocyanate groups and which can be produced by reacting an isocyanate mixture, said mixture being predominantly comprised of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates, with a maximum proportion of two-core isomers of 74 wt.% with at least 4 functional polyols or with a mixture of polyols having an average functionality of at least 4. The polyols or polyol mixture comprise(s) a hydroxyl value ranging from 200 to 1650 mg KOH/g and an average molar mass of less than 1100 g/mol with an NCO content of at least 30.0 wt.%. In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing these prepolymers which contain isocyanate groups, to their use for producing polyurethanes, and to a method for producing polyurethanes by reacting at least one of the inventive prepolymers which contain isocyanate groups, optionally mixed with additional organic and/or modified organic isocyanates (a), with compounds having at least two reactive hydrogen atoms (b) in the presence of optional expanding agents (c), catalysts (d), optional additional auxiliary agents and/or additives (e).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds with at least two hydrogen atoms that are reactive with isocyanate groups, in the presence of c) foaming agents. The inventive method is characterized by using, as the compounds with at least two hydrogen atoms that are reactive with isocyanate groups b), a mixture b1) from a polyether alcohol having a functionality of 4 and a hydroxyl number of 380 to 450 mg KOH/g and a viscosity of more than 12000 mPa s, producible by addition of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide to TDA, b2) a polyether alcohol having a functionality of 5 to 7.5 and a hydroxyl number of 380 to 480 mg KOH/g, producible by addition of propylene oxide to sucrose and/or sorbite, b3) a polyether alcohol having a functionality of 2 to 4 and a hydroxyl number of 140 to 250 mg KOH/g, producible by addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to TDA or of propylene oxide to alcohols having a functionality of 2, 3 or 4, or to amines or castor oil derivatives different from TDA.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups in the presence of c) blowing agents wherein a mixture of b1) a polyether alcohol which has a functionality of 4 and a hydroxyl number of from 380 to 450 mg KOH/g and a viscosity of greater than 12 000 mPa·s and can be prepared by addition of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto TDA, b2) a polyether alcohol which has a functionality of from 5 to 7.5 and a hydroxyl number of from 380 to 480 mg KOH/g and can be prepared by addition of propylene oxide onto sucrose and/or sorbitol, b3) a polyether alcohol which has a functionality of from 2 to 4 and a hydroxyl number of from 140 to 250 mg KOH/g and can be prepared by addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide onto TDA or of propylene oxide onto 2-, 3- or 4-functional alcohols, amines other than TDA or castor oil derivatives, is used as compounds b) having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups.
Abstract:
La invencion se relaciona con un metodo para producir alcoholes de polieter mediante al adicion catalitica de oxidos de alqueno a una substancia original que contiene substancias originales H-funcionales, solubles en agua que son solidas a temperatura ambiente y alcoholes y agua que son liquidos a la temperatura de reaccion, utilizando hidroxido de alquilo y/o hidroxidos alcalino terreos como catalizadores. El metodo se caracteriza en que la cantidad de agua es entre 1.0 a 6.0% en peso, con relacion al peso de la mezcla de substancia original, la ultima no conteniendo constituyentes aminicos.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups in the presence of c) blowing agents wherein a mixture of b1) a polyether alcohol which has a functionality of 4 and a hydroxyl number of from 380 to 450 mg KOH/g and a viscosity of greater than 12 000 mPa·s and can be prepared by addition of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto TDA, b2) a polyether alcohol which has a functionality of from 5 to 7.5 and a hydroxyl number of from 380 to 480 mg KOH/g and can be prepared by addition of propylene oxide onto sucrose and/or sorbitol, b3) a polyether alcohol which has a functionality of from 2 to 4 and a hydroxyl number of from 140 to 250 mg KOH/g and can be prepared by addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide onto TDA or of propylene oxide onto 2-, 3- or 4-functional alcohols, amines other than TDA or castor oil derivatives, is used as compounds b) having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms reactive toward isocyanate groups, in the presence of c) catalysts, and d) blowing agents, where, among the compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms reactive toward isocyanate groups, there is at least one graft polyol present capable of preparation via in-situ polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers in polyether alcohols.
Abstract:
Prepolymers which contain isocyanate groups, have an NCO content of at least 30.0% by weight and can be prepared by reacting an isocyanate mixture consisting predominantly of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenylpolymethylene polyisocyanates and having a proportion of two-ring isomers of not more than 74% by weight with at least 4-functional polyols or a mixture of polyols having a mean functionality of at least 4, where the polyols or polyol mixtures have a hydroxyl number of from 200 to 1650 mg KOH/g and a number average molecular weight of less than 1100 g/mol. The present invention also provides a process for preparing these prepolymers containing isocyanate groups, provides for their use for producing polyurethanes and provides a process for producing polyurethanes by reacting at least one novel prepolymer containing isocyanate groups, if desired in admixture with further organic and/or modified organic isocyanates (a), with compounds having at least two reactive hydrogen atoms (b) in the presence of, if desired, blowing agents (c), catalysts (d) and, if desired, further auxiliaries and/or additives (e).
Abstract:
Surprisingly, isocyanate based hard foamed plastic can be prepared by a process involving reaction of: (a) polyisocyanates; with (b) compounds having >= 2 H atoms reactive towards isocyanate groups and contain polyether alcohols and are obtained by addition of alkylene oxides to H-functional starting substances having 2-4 active H atoms and an OH number, as determined by DIN 53240, of 100-250 mg KOH/g. An independent claim is included for a foamed plastics material obtained as above.
Abstract:
In the production of rigid polyurethane foam by reacting (a) (modified) organic polyisocyanates with (b) compound(s) of mol. wt. over 400 containing NOTLESS 2 reactive H atoms and optionally (c) H-functional low-molecular chain extenders and/or crosslinking agents of mol. wt. less than 400 in the presence of (d) blowing agents, (e) catalysts and optionally (f) additives, component (b) contains (cyclo)alkyl-, aralkyl-, benzyl- and/or aryl-(alkoxy)alkanol(s) (I). In the production of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foam with low thermal conductivity by reacting: (a) organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates with (b) compound(s) containing NOTLESS 2 reactive hydrogen (H) atoms and having a molecular weight of over 400 g/mole and optionally (c) H-functional low-molecular chain extenders and/or crosslinking agents of molecular weight less than 400 g/mole in the presence of (d) blowing agents, (e) catalysts and optionally (f) additives component (b) contains (cyclo)alkyl-, aralkyl-, benzyl- and/or aryl-(alkoxy)alkanol(s) of formula (I). R, R' = (m)ethyl, 3-6 carbon (C) alkyl or hydrogen (H); R' may also = benzyl; n = 0-4; m, o = 1-3; X = n-, iso-, neo- or cycloalkyl, aralkyl, benzyl or aryl; and m + o = 4. An Independent claim is also included for the use of compounds (I) in the production of rigid PUR foam with reduced thermal conductivity.
Abstract:
Rigid polyurethane foam containing a flat structure containing infrared (IR) absorber particles is claimed. An independent claim is included for the production of this foam.