Abstract:
The invention relates to an aqueous polymer dispersion of aliphatic polycarbonate polymers, to a method for producing said aqueous polymer dispersion, and to the use of said aqueous polymer dispersion in coating compositions, in particular as binders in paper coating slips, as sizing agents for paper, as paper strengthening agents, as binder compositions for nonwoven fabrics, in adhesives, or for formulating active ingredients. The aqueous polymer dispersion according to the invention contains: i) 5 to 50 wt%, in particular 8 to 40 wt%, with respect to the total weight of the dispersion, of at least one aliphatic polycarbonate polymer, in particular polypropylene carbonate; ii) 1 to 20 wt%, in particular 2 to 15 wt%, with respect to the total weight of the dispersion, of at least one partially or completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol; and iii) water, wherein the weight ratio of aliphatic polycarbonate polymers to the partially or completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol is in the range of 1 : 1 to 20 : 1, in particular in the range of 1.2 : 1 to 10 : 1.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for producing a layer containing at least one semiconductive metal oxide on a substrate, comprising at least the steps of: (A) producing a solution containing at least one precursor compound of the at least one metal oxide selected from the group of carboxylates from monocarboxylic, dicarbonic, or polycarboxylic acids with at least three carbon atoms or derivatives of monocarboxylic, dicarbonic, or polycarboxylic acids, alcoholates, hydroxides, semicarbazides, carbamates, hydroxamates, isocyanates, amidins, amidrazones, carbamide derivatives, hydroxylamines, oximes, urethanes, ammonia, amines, phosphines, ammonium compounds, azides of the corresponding metal and compounds thereof, in at least one solvent; (B) application of the solvent of step (A) on the substrate; and (C) thermal treatment of the substrate of step (B) at a temperature of 20 to 200 degrees Celsius, in order to transfer the at least one precursor compound in at least one semiconductive metal oxide. In the event that in step (A), electrically neutral [(OH)x(NH3)yZn]z with x, y, and z independently from one another 0.01 to 10, is used as precursor compound, said precursor compound is obtained by conversion of zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide with ammonia; a substrate, which is coated with at least one semiconductive metal oxide, obtainable by said method; the application of said substrate in electronic components; and a method for producing electronically neutral [(OH)x(NH3)yZn]z with x, y, and z independently from one another 0.01 to 10, by conversion of zinc oxide and/or zinc hydroxide with ammonia.
Abstract:
The present invention refers to a method for the separation of a liquid mixture comprising water and a hydrophobic liquid, especially for oil-water separation, comprising the step of contacting the liquid mixture comprising the hydrophobic liquid and water with a hydrophilically coated mesh allowing water to pass through the mesh while at least part of the hydrophobic liquid remains on the mesh, wherein the mesh is a weave with a geometric pore size of less than 100 μηη having warp threads, the warp threads having a diameter dw, and shute threads, the shute threads having a diameter ds, wherein ds and dw differ by at least a factor of 1.1 and wherein the surface of the mesh is at least partly covered by a hydrophilic coating, the hydrophilic coating having a contact angle for water of less than 10°. The invention further relates to the hydrophilically coated mesh and its use.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a solution of electrically uncharged [(OH) x (NH 3 ) y Zn] z where x, y and zare each independently 0.01 to10, comprising at least the steps of (A) contacting ZnO and/or Zn(OH) 2 with ammonia in at least one solvent in order to obtain a solution of electrically uncharged [(OH) x (NH 3 ) y Zn] z wherex, y and zare each independently 0.01 to 10 with a concentration c1,(B) removing some solvent from the solution from step (A) in order to obtain a suspension comprising Zn(OH) 2,(C) removing solid Zn(OH) 2 from the suspension from step (B), and (D) contacting the Zn(OH) 2 from step (C)with ammonia in at least one solvent in order to obtain a solution ofelectrically uncharged[(OH) x (NH 3 ) y Zn] z wherex, y and z are each independently 0.01 to 10 with the concentration c2, and to highly concentrated solutions of electrically uncharged [(OH) x (NH 3 ) y Zn] z wherex, y and zare each independently 0.01 to 10, to a process for producing a layer comprising at least zinc oxide on a substrate, comprising at least the steps of (E) preparing a solution of electrically uncharged [(OH) x (NH 3 ) y Zn] z wherex, y and zare each independently 0.0 to 10bythe former process according to the invention, (F) applying the solution from step (E) to the substrateand(G) thermally treating the substrate from step (F) at a temperature of 20 to450°C in order to convertelectrically uncharged[(OH) x (NH 3 ) y Zn] z wherex, y and zare each independently 0.01 to 10 to zinc oxide.20
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing norbornyl (meth)acrylate by reacting norbornene with (meth)acrylic acid in the presence of boron trifluoride as a catalyst, characterised in that e) boron trifluoride is added to (meth)acrylic acid, f) the mixture is heated to a temperature of 75 to 110°C, g) norbornene is added, and h) the norbornyl-(meth)acrylate obtained is isolated from the reaction mixture. The invention further relates to a method for producing norbornyl (meth)acrylate by reacting norbornene with (meth)acrylic acid in the presence of boron trifluoride as a catalyst, characterised in that e) boron trifluoride is added to an organic solvent, f) the mixture is heated to a temperature of 75 to 110°C, g) a mixture containing norbornene and (meth)acrylic acid is added, and h) the norbornyl-(meth)acrylate obtained is isolated from the reaction mixture.
Abstract:
Process for producing esters of (meth)acrylic acid or a derivative thereof by reaction of (meth)acrylic acid or a derivative thereof with glycerol carbonate in the presence of at least one enzyme which catalyzes the esterification reaction, in the absence of a solvent and at a reaction temperature of 10°C to 150°C.
Abstract:
The invention relates to compositions, comprising. a)1.00 to 65.00% by weight of at least one compound of formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 are each independently H, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-alkoxy, or C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl; R is H or C1-C6-alkyl; X is CR6R7, O, or NR8; R6R7 are each independently H, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-alkoxy, or C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl; R8 is H, C1-C6-alkyl, or C1-C6-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl; k is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, as component A; b) 1.00 to 60.00% by weight of at least one monomer having two (meth)acrylate groups and having a molecular weight of no more than 500 Dalton, as component B; c) 0 to 25% by weight of at least one monomer having at least three (meth)acrylate groups and having a molecular weight of no more than 600 Dalton, as component C; and d) 1.00 to 30.00% by weight of at least one polymer having at least two (meth)acrylate groups and having a molecular weight of at least 700 Dalton, as component D; with the proviso that the amount of components A + B is at least 50% by weight, as well as the use of these compositions as printing inks, in particular inkjet printing inks.