Abstract:
An embodiment of the invention comprises a set-top-box in which on-chip OTP memory is emulated using an external flash memory and a series of on-chip fuses. The external memory is comprised of one or more region, each having its own unique region identification. Each on-chip fuse corresponds to one of the memory regions and comprises a component which can be caused to change to a particular (blown) state irreversibly. When data first needs to be written to a region of the external memory, the identification of that region is appended to the data itself together with a parity field and a validity field. The resultant data packet is then encrypted by a cryptographic circuit using a secret key unique to the set-top-box and the encrypted data packet is written to the specified region of the external memory. Then, the on-chip fuse corresponding to the region that has been written to is irreversibly blown, effectively locking that region. Any attempt to write data to regions for which the corresponding fuse has already been blown (indicating that data has already been written to that region) are blocked. When data is read from the external memory, the encrypted data is decrypted to retrieve the data, region identification, validity field and parity field. If the region identification, validity field and parity field are all verified as valid then the data is transmitted to the desired destination. Any attempts to read data from regions for which the corresponding fuse has not been blown (indicating that no data has yet been written to that region) are blocked.
Abstract:
An image sensor is described, which makes use of a distributed amplifier (10). The distributed amplifier (10) has its non-inverting input (22) provided by a pixel amplifier transistor (18), and its inverting input (20) and output (30) provided in the pixel's column circuitry (58). The distributed amplifier (10) is directly integrated with the image sensor's ADC circuit, and sampling and autozero are performed in a single step, thus reducing the number of noise contributions made by the components of the image sensor's readout chain.
Abstract:
An imaging assembly for an image sensor is disclosed comprising a lens, a transparent substrate and two aspheric optical coatings on each side of the substrate. The imaging assembly can also incorporate an opaque coating with an opening in-line with the lens to form an aperture, an anti-reflection coating and an infrared filter coating.
Abstract:
A memory access system comprising: a memory in which data is organised in pages, each page holding a sequence of data elements; means for receiving a requested address comprising a requested page address and a requested data element address; means for accessing a current page from the memory using a current page address; means for reading out data elements of the current page in the sequence in which they are held in memory; means for comparing the requested page address with the current page address and for issuing a memory access request with the requested page address when they are not the same; and means operable when the requested page address is the same as the current page address for comparing a requested data element address with the current address of a data element being read out and returning the data element when the requested data element address matches the current data element address.
Abstract:
An optical mouse has an image sensor (12) providing image data via an ADC (14) to a correlation circuit (16) and a motion estimation circuit (18) to provide output signals representative of mouse motion. The output signals are disabled when the mouse is lifted away from the working surface. This is achieved by summing each frame, after filtering in a high-pass filter (22), in a summer (26) to provide a single value, and comparing this with a threshold. If the filtered and summed value exceeds the threshold, this indicates that the image contains in-focus objects, and thus that the mouse is on the working surface.