公开(公告)号：US5356546A

公开(公告)日：1994-10-18

申请号：US870506

申请日：1992-04-16

Applicant: Sheri L. Blystone ,  William K. S. Cleveland ,  Paul E. Adams

Inventor： Sheri L. Blystone ,  William K. S. Cleveland ,  Paul E. Adams

IPC: C07C51/353 ,  C07C51/373 ,  C07C59/52 ,  C07C59/54 ,  C07C69/73 ,  C07D213/65 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/188 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/198 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L10/08 ,  C10M129/40 ,  C10M129/42 ,  C10M129/44 ,  C10M129/72 ,  C10M129/95 ,  C10M135/30 ,  C10N10/02 ,  C10N10/04 ,  C10N40/26 ,  F02B75/02 ,  C10M105/08 ,  C09K3/00 ,  C09K15/32

CPC classification number: C10L1/1881 ,  C07C59/52 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/198 ,  C10M129/44 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1832 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1981 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/205 ,  C10L1/208 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/223 ,  C10L1/2235 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/238 ,  C10L1/2383 ,  C10L1/2387 ,  C10L1/2418 ,  C10L1/2431 ,  C10L1/245 ,  C10L1/2475 ,  C10L1/2481 ,  C10L1/2487 ,  C10M2207/10 ,  C10M2207/24 ,  F02B2075/025

Abstract: This invention relates to metal salts of the general formulaA.sup.y- M.sup.y+ (I)wherein M represents one or more metal ions, y is the total valence of all M and A represents one or more anion containing groups having a total of about y individual anionic moieties and each antion containing group is a group of the formula ##STR1## wherein each group in (II) is as described in the specification. These salts find utility in lubricants and fuels other than 2-cycle engine lubricants and fuels.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通式为Ay-My +（I）的金属盐，其中M表示一种或多种金属离子，y是全部M的总价，A表示一个或多个含阴离子的基团，其总共约为个体阴离子 部分和每个含有氨基的基团是式（II）的基团，其中（II）中的每个基团如说明书中所述。 这些盐可用于除2循环发动机润滑剂和燃料以外的润滑剂和燃料。

公开(公告)号：US5312555A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-17

申请号：US480905

申请日：1990-02-16

Applicant: Dennis J. Malfer

Inventor： Dennis J. Malfer

IPC: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/2387 ,  C10L1/26 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L10/00 ,  C10M133/16 ,  C10M133/56 ,  C10M129/00

CPC classification number: C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/2387 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L10/06 ,  C10M133/16 ,  C10M133/56 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1832 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/2641 ,  C10L1/305 ,  C10L1/306 ,  C10M2215/086 ,  C10M2215/28 ,  C10N2240/02 ,  C10N2240/08 ,  C10N2240/10 ,  C10N2240/101 ,  C10N2240/104 ,  C10N2240/106 ,  C10N2240/401

Abstract: A product formed by reacting at least one acyclic hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acylating agent such as polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride with at least one N-(alkoxy-alkyl) alkanediamine such as N-(isodecyloxypropyl)-1,3-diaminopropane is effective as a detergent-dispersant for liquid fuels and oleaginous liquids.

Abstract translation: 通过使至少一种无环烃基取代的琥珀酰化剂如聚异丁烯基琥珀酸酐与至少一种N-（烷氧基 - 烷基）烷二胺如N-（异癸氧基丙基）-1,3-二氨基丙烷反应形成的产物作为洗涤剂 - 液体燃料和含油液体的分散剂。

公开(公告)号：US5222323A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-29

申请号：US627228

申请日：1990-12-14

Applicant: William Lundby

Inventor： William Lundby

IPC: C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L10/02

CPC classification number: C10L1/1208 ,  C10L1/1225 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L10/02

Abstract: Certain chemical elements or compounds, smog inhibitors, added to combustible hydrocarbon-base fuels, can reduce, or eliminate, ozone, O.sub.3, an oxidant necessary for the formation of smog and its irritants. A test program demonstrated that atmospheric ozone was reduced an average of about 75% when exhaust gases derived from an automotive engine burning fuel containing an inhibitor were injected into a sealed chamber as compared to the same engine burning fuel containing no additive. In each of the tests using the fuel additive, ozone concentrations approached, or reached, zero for short periods of time, indicating the viability of this method of ozone, and therefore smog, control. This patent is for the purpose of controlling smog formation by the addition of smog inhibitors, such as, but not limited to, iodine or its compounds to hydrocarbon-base fuels prior to, or during, the combustion cycle of these fuels.

Abstract translation: 添加到可燃烃类燃料中的某些化学元素或化合物，烟雾抑制剂可以减少或消除臭氧O3，形成烟雾及其刺激物所需的氧化物。 测试程序表明，与含有不含添加剂的相同发动机燃烧燃料相比，将含有抑制剂的汽车发动机燃烧的废气注入密封室时，大气臭氧平均降低了约75％。 在使用燃料添加剂的每个测试中，臭氧浓度在短时间内接近或达到零，表明这种臭氧方法的可行性，因此烟雾，控制。 该专利的目的是通过在这些燃料的燃烧循环之前或期间加入烟雾抑制剂来控制烟雾形成，例如但不限于碘或其化合物到烃基燃料。

公开(公告)号：US4659338A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-21

申请号：US766615

申请日：1985-08-16

Applicant: Thomas E. Johnston ,  Casper J. Dorer, Jr.

Inventor： Thomas E. Johnston ,  Casper J. Dorer, Jr.

IPC: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/26 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/30

CPC classification number: C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/146 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/1814 ,  C10L1/1817 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1828 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/188 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/1885 ,  C10L1/1886 ,  C10L1/1888 ,  C10L1/189 ,  C10L1/1895 ,  C10L1/1955 ,  C10L1/1963 ,  C10L1/1966 ,  C10L1/1973 ,  C10L1/198 ,  C10L1/1981 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/202 ,  C10L1/203 ,  C10L1/205 ,  C10L1/221 ,  C10L1/222 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/223 ,  C10L1/2235 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/2335 ,  C10L1/2362 ,  C10L1/2364 ,  C10L1/2366 ,  C10L1/2368 ,  C10L1/238 ,  C10L1/2383 ,  C10L1/2387 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/2406 ,  C10L1/2412 ,  C10L1/2418 ,  C10L1/2425 ,  C10L1/2431 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L1/2443 ,  C10L1/2475 ,  C10L1/2481 ,  C10L1/2493 ,  C10L1/26 ,  C10L1/2608 ,  C10L1/2616 ,  C10L1/2641 ,  C10L1/265 ,  C10L1/2683 ,  C10L1/2691 ,  C10L1/285 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/303 ,  C10L1/305

Abstract: A fuel composition for internal combustion engines, and more particularly, a fuel composition for internal combustion engines containing less than about 0.5 gram of lead per liter of fuel is described. The fuel composition comprises a major amount of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a minor, property improving amount of(A) at least one hydrocarbon-soluble alkali or alkaline earth metal-containing composition, and(B) at least one hydrocarbon-soluble ashless dispersant.When a mixture of the metal-containing composition (A) and the ashless dispersant (B) are incorporated into gasolines containing less than about 0.5 gram of lead per liter of fuel, the treated fuel exhibits improved stability and water tolerance, and when the unleaded or low lead-containing fuels of the present invention are utilized in internal combustion engines, there is a significant reduction in valve seat recession. Methods of reducing valve seat recession in internal combustion engines utilizing lead free or low lead-containing fuels also are described.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于内燃机的燃料组合物，更具体地，描述了每升燃料含有少于约0.5克铅的内燃机燃料组合物。 燃料组合物包含主要量的液体烃燃料和较小的（A）至少一种可溶于烃或碱土金属的组合物的性质提高量，和（B）至少一种烃溶性无灰分散剂 。 当含金属的组合物（A）和无灰分散剂（B）的混合物掺入每升燃料中含有少于约0.5克铅的汽油中时，经处理的燃料表现出改进的稳定性和耐水性，并且当无铅 或本发明的低含铅燃料用于内燃机中，阀座凹陷显着减少。 还描述了使用无铅或低含铅燃料来减少内燃机中阀座凹陷的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4451266A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-29

申请号：US341705

申请日：1982-01-22

Applicant: John D. Barclay ,  Rawson B. Harmon, Jr.

Inventor： John D. Barclay ,  Rawson B. Harmon, Jr.

IPC: C10L1/182 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/20 ,  F02B3/06

CPC classification number: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/201 ,  F02B3/06

Abstract: Described herein is an additive to hydrocarbon fuels such as gasoline, diesel fuel and the like used, for example, in vehicles and furnaces. The fuel comprises a mixutre of a low molecular weight alcohol, an aliphatic ester, an aromatic hydrocarbon, a halogenated alkene, a hydroxy unsaturated vegetable oil and an aliphatic hydrocarbon. Use of the additive improves fuel efficiency and provides cleaner burning, i.e., reduces engine deposits.

Abstract translation: 这里描述的是碳氢燃料如汽油，柴油等的添加剂，例如用在车辆和炉子中。 燃料包括低分子量醇，脂肪族酯，芳族烃，卤代烯烃，羟基不饱和植物油和脂族烃的混合物。 添加剂的使用提高燃料效率并提供更清洁的燃烧，即减少发动机沉积物。

公开(公告)号：US3947257A

公开(公告)日：1976-03-30

申请号：US461528

申请日：1974-04-17

Applicant: Robert Smith-Johannsen ,  Wendell William Moyer, Jr.

Inventor： Robert Smith-Johannsen ,  Wendell William Moyer, Jr.

IPC: C10L1/20

CPC classification number: C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/202

Abstract: Low boiling aryl fluoroalkane additives, such as benzotrifluoride, are utilized as a fuel additive for internal combustion engines. The additive volatilizes in the combustion chamber thereby giving a smoother running engine, prolonged spark plug life and a reduced octance requirement for high compression engines.

公开(公告)号：US3843465A

公开(公告)日：1974-10-22

申请号：US34210373

申请日：1973-03-16

Applicant: BENCKISER GMBH JOH A

Inventor： HUSTEDE H ,  SIEBERT D

IPC: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/26 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C12P7/48 ,  C12R1/72 ,  C12B1/00

CPC classification number: C12P7/48 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/202 ,  C10L1/265 ,  C10L1/306 ,  Y10S435/921 ,  Y10S435/923

Abstract: 1. A PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CITRIC ACID, OR ITS SALTS FROM HYDROCARBONS BY FERMENTATION USSING YEAST WHICH COMPRISES FERMENTING AN AQUEOUS NUTRIENT MEDIUM WITH A YEAST, SAID MEDIUM COMPRISING A N-PARAFFIN HAVING ABOUT 9 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS IN THE PRESENCE OF A DECOUPLING CHEMICAL CAPABLE OF SUPRESSING THE ODIXATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION WITHOUT AFFECTING THE ELECTRON-TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF THE YEAST, SAID YEAST BEING CAPABLE OF GROWTH IN THE PRESENCE OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF AN ACONITASE-SUPPRESSING COMPOUND.

公开(公告)号：US3745184A

公开(公告)日：1973-07-10

申请号：US3745184D

申请日：1962-06-08

Applicant: ETHYL CORP

Inventor： COOK S ,  SISTRUNK T

IPC: C07F7/24 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/30

CPC classification number: C07F7/24 ,  C10L1/103 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/306

Abstract: TETRAMETHYLLEAD ANTIKNOCK COMPOSITIONS HAVING MARKEDLY ENHANCED STABILITY BY VIRTUE OF THE UTILIZATION THEREIN OF PARTICULAR COMBINATIONS OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE ADDITIVES.

公开(公告)号：US3322519A

公开(公告)日：1967-05-30

申请号：US29019263

申请日：1963-06-24

Applicant: EXXON RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO

Inventor： FORSTER ERIC O

IPC: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/22

CPC classification number: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/203 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/223 ,  C10L1/2286 ,  C10L1/232

公开(公告)号：US3272606A

公开(公告)日：1966-09-13

申请号：US75540158

申请日：1958-08-18

Applicant: ETHYL CORP

Inventor： BROWN JEROME E ,  HYMIN SHAPIRO ,  DE WITT EARL G

IPC: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/30

CPC classification number: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/202 ,  C10L1/205 ,  C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/305 ,  C10L1/306