Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metalloxid enthaltenden kosmetischen Zubereitungen, wobei die bei der Herstellung des partikulären Metalloxids entstehende Reaktionsmischung im Wesentlichen ohne weitere Aufarbeitung in die kosmetischen Zubereitungen eingebracht wird.
Abstract:
A process for producing a porous alpha-alumina catalyst support, comprising i) preparing a precursor material comprising, based on inorganic solids content, at least 50 wt.-% of a transition alumina having a loose bulk density of at most 600 g/L, a pore volume of at least 0.6 mL/g and a median pore diameter of at least 15 nm; and at most 30 wt.-% of an alumina hydrate; ii) forming the precursor material into shaped bodies; and iii) calcining the shaped bodies to obtain the porous alpha-alumina catalyst support. The catalyst support has a high overall pore volume, thus allowing for impregnation with a high amount of silver, while keeping its surface area sufficiently large so as to provide optimal dispersion of catalytically active species, in particular metal species. The invention further relates to a shaped catalyst body for producing ethylene oxide by gas-phase oxidation of ethylene, comprising at least 15 wt.-% of silver, relative to the total weight of the catalyst, deposited on a porous alpha-alumina catalyst support obtained in the process described above. The invention also relates to a process for preparing a shaped catalyst body as described above comprising impregnating a porous alpha-alumina catalyst support obtained in the process described above with a silver impregnation solution, preferably under reduced pressure; and optionally subjecting the impregnated porous alumina support to drying; and b) subjecting the impregnated porous alpha-alumina support to a heat treatment; wherein steps a) and b) are optionally repeated. The invention further relates to a process for producing ethylene oxide by gas- phase oxidation of ethylene, comprising reacting ethylene and oxygen in the presence of a shaped catalyst body as described above.
Abstract:
A process for producing a silver-based epoxidation catalyst, comprising i) impregnating a particulate porous refractory support with a first aqueous silver impregnation solution comprising silver ions and an aminic complexing agent selected from amines, alkanolamines and amino acids; ii) converting at least part of the silver ions impregnated on the refractory support to metallic silver by heating while directing a stream of a first gas over the impregnated refractory support to obtain an intermediate catalyst, wherein the first gas comprises at least 5 vol.-% oxygen; iii) impregnating the intermediate catalyst with a second aqueous silver impregnation solution comprising silver ions, an aminic complexing agent selected from amines, alkanolamines and amino acids, and one or more transition metal promoters, in particular rhenium; and iv) converting at least part of the silver ions impregnated on the intermediate catalyst to metallic silver by heating while directing a stream of a second gas over the impregnated intermediate catalyst to obtain the epoxidation catalyst, wherein the second gas comprises at most 2.0 vol.-% oxygen, wherein the impregnated refractory support and the impregnated intermediate catalyst are each heated to a temperature of 200 to 800 °C. The process of the invention surprisingly allows for obtaining a catalyst with high selectivity in a cost-efficient manner. The invention also relates to a silver-based epoxidation catalyst obtainable by such a process, and to a process for producing an alkylene oxide by gas-phase oxidation of an alkylene, comprising reacting an alkylene and oxygen in the presence of a silver-based epoxidation catalyst obtainable by the above process.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a catalyst effective in the oxidative conversion of ethylene to ethylene oxide, comprising an alumina support and 20 to 45 % by weight of the catalyst, of silver applied to the support, the catalyst meeting the following limitations (i) to (v): (i) an amount of cesium c(Cs) in mmol per Kg of catalyst of at least 2; (ii) an amount of rhenium c(Re) in mmol per Kg of catalyst of at least 3.0; (iii) an amount of tungsten c(W) in mmol per Kg of catalyst of at least 1.6; (iv) a silicon to alkaline earth metal molar ratio x of not higher than 1.80; (v) c ( Cs ) — c ( Re ) — c ( W ) ≤ 4 · x — 0.5.
Abstract:
Mo, Bi und Fe enthaltende Multimetalloxidmassen der allgemeinen Stöchiometrie I, Mo 12 Bi a Co b Fe c K d Si e O x (I), mit a = 0,5 bis 1, b = 7 bis 8,5, c = 1,5 bis 3,0, d = 0 bis 0,15, e = 0 bis 2,5und x = die elektrische Neutralität des Multimetalloxids gewährleistender stöchiometrischer Koeffizient von O 2- , sowie 12 - b - 1,5 ⋅ c = A und 0,5 ≤ A≤ 1,5, 0,2 ≤ a/A ≤ 1,3, und 2,5 ≤ b/c ≤ 9, und deren Verwendung.
Abstract translation:沫,Bi和Fe-含有一般化学计量的多金属氧化物I,Mo12比亚穗轴FEC的Kd你牛(I),其中a = 0.5〜1,B = 7〜8.5,c = 1.5〜3.0, D = 0至0.15,E = 0〜2.5,并且x =多金属法定货币的电中性的O2丝毫化学计量系数,以及12 - b - 1.5·C = A = 0.5和A = 1, 5,0.2 = A / A = 1.3,2.5 = b / C = 9,和它们的用途。
Abstract:
Elektroden, umfassend (A) ein festes Medium, durch das Gas hindurch diffundieren kann, (B) mindestens ein elektrisch leitfähiges, kohlenstoffhaltiges Material, (C) mindestens ein organisches Polymer, (D) mindestens eine Verbindung der allgemeinen Formel (I) M 1 a M 2 b M 3 c M 4 d H e O f , in partikulärer Form, wobei die Variablen wie folgt definiert sind: M 1 ist gewählt aus Mo, W, V, Nb und Sb, M 2 ist gewählt aus Fe, Ag, Cu, Ni, Mn und Lanthanoiden, M 3 ist gewählt aus B, C, N, Al, Si, P und Sn, M 4 ist gewählt aus Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, NH 4 , Mg, Ca und Sr, a ist im Bereich von 1 bis 3, b ist im Bereich von 0,1 bis 10, c ist im Bereich von null bis eins, d ist im Bereich von null bis eins, e ist im Bereich von null bis 0,5, f ist im Bereich von 1 bis 28, und wobei die Verbindung der allgemeinen Formel (I) eine BET-Oberfläche im Bereich von 1 bis 300 m 2 /g aufweist.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Verfahren zur Herstellung von oberflächenmodifizierten nanopartikulären Kupferverbindungen sowie von wässrigen Suspensionen, welche oberflächenmodifizierte nanopartikuläre Kupferverbindungen enthalten. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung die nach diesen Verfahren erhältlichen oberflächenmodifizierten nanopartikulären Kupferverbindungen und wässrigen Suspensionen dieser Kupferverbindungen sowie ihre Verwendung als antimikrobieller Wirkstoff oder Katalysator.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Verfahren zur Herstellung von UV-Strahlung absorbierenden Hybridmaterialien, die Nanopartikel mindestens eines Metalloxids, Metallhydroxids und/oder Metalloxidhydroxids sowie mindestens eine organische, UV-Strahlung absorbierende Verbindung umfassen. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung die nach diesen Verfahren erhältlichen UV-Strahlung absorbierenden Hybridmaterialien, diese enthaltende Zusammensetzungen und die Verwendung der Hybridmaterialien für kosmetische Zubereitungen, als UV-Stabilisator in Kunststoffen und als antimikrobielle Wirkstoffe.
Abstract:
A tableted catalyst support, characterized by an alpha-alumina content of at least 85 wt.-%, a pore volume of at least 0.40 mL/g, as determined by mercury porosimetry, and a BET surface area of 0.5 to 5.0 m2/g. The tableted catalyst support is an alpha-alumina catalyst support obtained with high geometrical precision and displaying a high overall pore volume, thus allowing for impregnation with a high amount of silver, while exhibiting a surface area sufficiently large so as to provide optimal dispersion of catalytically active species, in particular metal species. The invention further provides a process for producing a tableted alpha-alumina catalyst support, which comprises i) forming a free-flowing feed mixture comprising, based on inorganic solids content, at least 50 wt.-% of a transition alumina; ii) tableting the free-flowing feed mixture to obtain a compacted body; and iii) heat treating the compacted body at a temperature of at least 1100 °C, preferably at least 1300 °C, more preferably at least 1400 °C, in particular at least 1450 °C, to obtain the tableted alpha-alumina catalyst support. The invention moreover relates to a compacted body obtained by tableting a free-flowing feed mixture which comprises, based on inorganic solids content, at least 50 wt.-% of a transition alumina having a loose bulk density of at most 600 g/L, a pore volume of at least 0.6 mL/g, as determined, and a median pore diameter of at least 15 nm. The invention moreover relates to a shaped catalyst body for producing ethylene oxide by gas-phase oxidation of ethylene, comprising at least 15 wt.-% of silver, relative to the total weight of the catalyst, deposited on the tableted alpha-alumina catalyst support. The invention moreover relates to a process for producing ethylene oxide by gas-phase oxidation of ethylene, comprising reacting ethylene and oxygen in the presence of the shaped catalyst body.
Abstract:
A catalyst for the gas phase oxidation of organic hydrocarbons comprises a multielement oxide which comprises at least one transition meal such as vanadium, wherein the catalyst has a charge transport activation energy E c at a temperature of 375 to 425°C of less than 0 kJ/mol. The catalyst serves for preparation of maleic anhydride.