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    11.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1067471B

    公开(公告)日：1959-10-22

    申请号：DEI0009588

    申请日：1954-12-29

    Applicant: IBM DEUTSCHLAND

    Inventor： HENLE ROBERT ATHANASIUS ,  EMERY RAYMOND WALTER

    IPC: H01L29/00 ,  H03F3/14 ,  H03K3/35

    Abstract: 763,166. Transistor circuits. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. Dec. 24, 1954 [Dec. 31, 1953], No. 37377/54. Class 40(6) In a circuit employing a transistor with asymmetrically conductive base 1a, emitter 1e and collector 1c and an ohmic base 1b the flow of current through the latter is limited to a maximum value. The circuit enables the higher amplification of the asymmetrically conductive base to be realised, while maintaining a high back impedance in the off condition due to the connection over ohmic base 1b. In the off condition with no emitter current, the currents flow through resistor 8 exceeds the ohmic base current so that the diode 7 is conductive and the base 1b is near earth potential. The collector current Ico then lies on the curve 10, Fig. 2, intersecting the load line 12 of resistor 5 and presenting a high impedance. The decrease in back resistance in the off condition, if the auxiliary base alone were used is shown in curve 11. When emitter current flows, an enhanced base current results, increasing until it equals the diode current, whereupon the base 1b is no longer at earth potential and the circuit operates with the auxiliary base electrode giving a higher amplification. The transistor may be of the type described in U.S.A. Specification 2,609,428 is referred to.

    14.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1203025B

    公开(公告)日：1965-10-14

    申请号：DEJ0019394

    申请日：1961-02-08

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： DOMENICO ROBERT JOSEPH ,  HENLE ROBERT ATHANASIUS

    IPC: G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/20

    Abstract: 894,248. Electric selective signalling systems. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. Feb. 9, 1961 [Feb. 10, 1960], No. 4816/61. Class 40 (1). [Also in Group XL (b)] A system for automatically detecting, indicating and replacing a faulty component in logical circuits and for changing the logical function performed by the circuits includes a plurality of amplifiers 1-4, Fig. 5a, which are normally maintained in one signal translating condition, and a plurality of switching elements such as photo-contacts, which couple individual outputs of amplifiers 1-4 to individual inputs of the amplifiers, and are responsive to selectable patterns of applied control effects, e.g. illumination, to modify the signal translating condition of selected ones of amplifiers 1-4. Each amplifier 1-4 may form part of a NOR circuit, as shown in Fig. 2b, in which the transistor is normally biased to a non-conducting condition, but the negative bias is reduced and the transistor rendered conducting if one of the photocontacts # is illuminated. The NOR circuits may be interconnected to perform any logical function as desired by selectively illuminating the photo-contacts, for example by means of a pattern of holes or transparent areas in a card. film or tape. In Fig. 5a, amplifiers 1, 2, 3 are connected in a closed loop to form an oscillator whose output is taken from amplifier 3 on line 46 which is connected to line 49 through an illuminated photo-contact. If one of amplifiers 1, 2, 3 becomes faulty there is no input to amplifier 55, relay 57 operates to close contacts 58 and a pulse is transmitted to a pattern-shifting mechanism 43 which then advances card 29 in the direction shown by arrow 66 so that a fresh pattern of holes is selected, the function performed by amplifiers 1-4 being the same but with the faulty component replaced by another. For example, if amplifier 1 was faulty, amplifiers 2, 3, 4 may be connected in a closed loop, the output being taken from amplifier 4 on lines 45, 49. The system not only provides automatic replacement of faulty components, but may also indicate which component is faulty, e.g. by displaying a number on the side of the card showing which amplifier is not connected in the circuit. It is stated that the system may be used as a substitute for a plugboard in a computer, for example for controlling the arithmetic unit functions.

    18.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1029871B

    公开(公告)日：1958-05-14

    申请号：DEI0009505

    申请日：1954-12-16

    Applicant: IBM DEUTSCHLAND

    Inventor： HENLE ROBERT ATHANASIUS

    IPC: H03K3/26 ,  H03K3/281 ,  H03K3/286 ,  H03K17/60 ,  H03K19/082

    Abstract: 764,100. Two stable state transistor circuits. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. Dec. 15, 1954 [Dec. 18, 1953], No. 36286/54. Class 40(6) Two complementary transistors 1, 2 are arranged with the output of each connected to the input of the other to form a loop, an input signal being applied at one point and an output derived from another. A latching circuit, that is a circuit set by one input and reset by another and a circuit set and reset by a change of polarity of a single input are described. Transistors 1, 2, Fig. 1, in the off condition with both switches 17S, 18S open, bias each other into the non-conducting state. The low collector potential of transistor 2 is applied over resistor 8 to the base of transistor 2 to bias it off, the emitter being held at the potential of battery 16. Negligible collector current flows giving a high back resistance which causes a low base current in transistor 2 with a consequent low collector current and potential near that of battery 13. When switch 17S is closed, the base potential of transistor 1 is raised causing a rise in the emitter and collector currents and fall in collector potential which is fed over resistor 3 to the base of transistor 2. The emitter and collector currents of transistor 2 rise together with the collector potential and this is fed back over resistor 8 to hold the base of transistor 1 positive and complete the regenerative loop, the opening of switch 17S now being ineffective. Operation of switch 18S raises the potential of the base of transistor 2 which cuts off at the emitter, the fall in collector potential being fed to transistor 1 to cut it off. The sources 17, 19 are usually of pulse form and by making one of larger amplitude it can be made the effective one when they occur simultaneously. The type of transistor and polarity of the batteries may be reversed, Fig. 4 (not shown). Circuit set and reset by-pulses of different polarity. In the off state with negligible collector current flowing, the collector of transistor 34, Fig. 7, is near the potential of battery 46 and resistors 37, 43 are chosen so that the base of transistor 33 is below earth and since the emitter is connected to earth over the emitter-base resistance of transistor 34, transistor 33 is cut off. As the emitter current of transistor 34 is low, the collector current is held low to complete the regeneerative loop. A positive pulse from source 41 overcomes the negative bias on the base of transistor 33 causing it to conduct and hence render transistor 34 conducting to maintain transistor 33 conducting after the input pulse has ceased. In a similar manner, the circuit is reset by a negative pulse from generator 41. The type of transistor and polarity of the batteries may be reversed, Fig. 10 (not shown).

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