Abstract:
A device and a method for continuous high-pressure treatment; the method, comprising the steps of increasing the pressure of raw material (25) in a feed tank (9) by a pressurizing pump (1) so as to continuously feed the raw material to treatment containers (6) and (6a) and increasing the flow rate of the pressurizing pump (1) over that of a depressurizing pump (2) or continuously exhausting the raw material from the treatment containers (6) and (6a) through a pressure regulating flow path resistance (59) while depressurizing; the device, comprising pressure releasing bypass circuits (55) disposed in the flow path resistance (59) in parallel with each other, wherein the insides of the treatment containers (6) and (6a) are kept in a specified high-pressure state during the continuous processing.
Abstract:
A production method of water in which ultrafine gold particles on a 1- to 2-digit micron order in size, obtained by subdividing a normal gold fine particle size, are dissolved and which is excellent in physiologically active function such as health promotion; and its applications. A device comprising a pressure vessel provided with a high-pressure water storing tank, an oxygen/hydrogen mixing gas jetting nozzle, an ignition device and a combustion chamber is used to burn an oxygen/hydrogen mixing gas in a high-pressure water in which gold foils are floated, and to heat and melt the gold foils with the mixing gas to thereby produce ultrafine gold particle-dissolved water.
Abstract:
A process for ammonia and methanol co-production in a plant comprising a secondary reformer section, a high-temperature CO conversion section and a low-temperature CO conversion section, arranged in series, and an ammonia synthesis section, is distinguished by the fact that the unreacted gas flow coming from a methanol synthesis section, before being fed to the low-temperature CO conversion section, is advantageously saturated with a liquid flow comprising H2O appropriately heated by indirect heat exchange with a gaseous flow coming from the secondary reformer section.
Abstract:
An improved method to lubricate a metal workpiece at elevated working temperatures is described employing a novel liquid lubricant preparation which includes a vaporizable and polymerizable alkyl aromatic phosphate ester in combination with a die release agent selected from the group consisting of an organic binder and a fatty acid soap, to include mixtures thereof. The applied preparation forms a solid polymer lubricant in the forming die at the elevated working temperatures enabling lower applied pressures to be employed while producing superior workpieces.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for heating, reacting, and/or treating a stream containing oxidizable matter, particularly reactor systems and methods utilizing oxidation reactions at or near supercritical conditions for water. Such systems and methods may be particularly useful to treat organic waste in aqueous-organic waste streams. Recycle reactor (100) is used alone or in conjunction with plug-flow reactor. Density differences in the recycle reactor facilitate flow within the recycle reactor without subtantial external heat exchange.
Abstract:
A hydrothermal reaction is performed on an aqueous medium without adding an oxidizing agent, and then another hydrothermal reaction is performed in the presence of an oxidizing agent, thereby reducing a chemical oxygen demand of the aqueous medium. An apparatus for performing a hydrothermal reaction has a fluid inlet being capable of introducing an oxidizing agent in a fluid form during a hydrothermal reaction.
Abstract:
Zum Abbau von Schadstoffen in Abwässern, Prozeßlösungen und Trinkwasser unter Verwendung von Persulfat wird der Abbau bei mindestens 130 °C, vorzugweise 130 bis 140 °C und einem Druck größer als 1 bar durchgeführt. Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens eignet sich eine Einrichtung mit einem ersten Behälterteil zur Aufnahme der wässrigen Lösung, welcher einen Einlauf und einen Auslauf aufweist und einen Reaktionsraum bildet, wobei eine Heizvorrichtung zum Beheizen der wässrigen Lösung vorgesehen ist, wobei weiter Wärmeübergangsmittel vorgesehen sind, die einen Wärmeübergang zwischen der Heizvorrichtung und der wässrigen Lösung gestatten, und wobei wenigstens ein Druckerzeugungsmittel vorgesehen ist.
Abstract:
A continuous hydrothermal synthesis method which comprises pressurizing and heating a material slurry below a saturated vapor temperature or pressurizing a material slurry at normal temperature, pressurizing and heating an aqueous liquid above the saturated vapor temperature, atomizing and mixing the slurry and the aqueous liquid, effecting hydrothermal synthesis in a reaction section above the saturated vapor temperature, cooling the reaction product and taking out the product while retaining the pressurized state in the system by alternately opening and closing shut-off valves provided above and below a product discharging section or through a thin pipe provided in the product discharging section. The method is performed using an apparatus comprising heating-pressurizing sections respectively connected to a material slurry feeding section and an aqueous liquid feeding section, an atomizing-mixing section and a reaction section provided after these feeding sections, and a product discharging section.
Abstract:
Verfahren zur Durchführung von Gas/Flüssigreaktionen bei Temperaturen von (-50) bis 300°C und einem Druck von 0,1 bis 100 bar, indem man in Abwesenheit einer zusammenhängenden Gasphase arbeitet, sowie als Spezialfall ein Verfahren zur diskontinuierlichen Umsetzung von Acetylen in flüssiger Phase bei Temperaturen von 0 bis 300°C und Drücken von 2 bis 30 bar, in dem man in Abwesenheit einer a) zusammenhängenden Gasphase Acetylen und b) isobar bis zu einem Sättigungsgrad von 5 bis 100% einleitet.
Abstract:
A process includes periodically or continuously introducing an olefin monomer and periodically or continuously introducing a catalyst system or catalyst system components into a reaction mixture within a reaction system, oligomerizing the olefin monomer within the reaction mixture to form an oligomer product, and periodically or continuously discharging a reaction system effluent comprising the oligomer product from the reaction system. The reaction system includes a total reaction mixture volume and a heat exchanged portion of the reaction system comprising a heat exchanged reaction mixture volume and a total heat exchanged surface area providing indirect contact between the reaction mixture and a heat exchange medium. A ratio of the total heat exchanged surface area to the total reaction mixture volume within the reaction system is in a range from 0.75 in -1 to 5 in -1 , and an oligomer product discharge rate from the reaction system is between 1.0 (lb)(hr -1 )(gal -1 ) to 6.0 (lb)(hr -1 )(gal -1 ).