Abstract:
Bei einem Laserspektrometer wird das Licht einer wellenlängendurchstimmbaren Laserdiode (3) nach Durchstrahlen eines Gases (1, 18) detektiert und ausgewertet, wobei die Laserdiode (3) mit einer Stromrampe (9) periodisch angesteuert wird, so dass bei der Detektion des Lichts (4) ein zeitaufgelöstes Absorptionsspektrum des Gases (1, 18) erhalten wird. Zur Korrektur der Wellenlänge und des Abstimmbereichs des Laserspektrometers wird in einem ersten Schritt die Zentralwellenlänge der Laserdiode (3) über deren Temperatur und anhand der Position einer von zwei unterschiedlichen ausgewählten Absorptionslinien in dem detektierten Absorptionsspektrum nachjustiert und in einem zweiten Schritt der Abstimmbereich der Laserdiode (3) über die Steigung der Stromrampe (11) so korrigiert, dass der Abstand der beiden Absorptionslinien in dem detektierten Absorptionsspektrum gleich bleibt.
Abstract:
Described herein is a system and method of controlling an optical heterodyne measurement system (1). The measurement system (1) has a tunable laser (9) for generating a local oscillator signal, an optical input (5) for receiving an input optical signal (7) and a mixing module (13) for mixing the local oscillator signal with the input optical signal to generate an output optical measurement signal. One embodiment provides a method including the steps of: a) receiving an input electrical drive signal for driving the tunable laser (9) to produce a laser output having a spectral linewidth and peak central frequency; b) coupling the input electrical drive signal with an electrical linewidth control signal (54) to selectively broaden the spectral linewidth; and c) during a measurement period, selectively tuning the central frequency of the laser in a stepwise manner across a predetermined frequency spectrum at predefined tuning increments.
Abstract:
A system capable of highly sensitive measurement of material concentration values in a sample using an optical spectroscopic method is disclosed. The system utilizes high-speed data acquisition and high resolution sampling of the raw signals output by the sensors with reduced total channel counts, and performs frequency analysis of the signals using the Fourier transform method to process all sensor channels in parallel. When each sensor is targeting the detection of some certain materials at some certain frequencies, the system is capable of simultaneous detection of multiple materials of interest in the sample with high measurement sensitivity and high speed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and a gas analyser for measuring the concentration of a gas component in a measurement gas. In order to measure the concentration of a gas component in a measurement gas (1), a wavelength-tunable laser diode (3) is actuated with a current (i), and the light (4) generated by said laser diode (3) is passed through the measurement gas (1) to a detector (5). The current (i) is varied in periodically-consecutive sampling intervals so as to sample a gas component absorption line of interest, according to the wavelength. The current (i) can also be sinusoidally modulated with a low frequency and low amplitude in the context of wavelength modulation spectroscopy. A measurement signal (14) generated by the detector (5) is evaluated in order to obtain a measurement result (16). To improve the measurement signal-to-noise ratio and thus achieve a considerably lower limit of detection with the same measuring path, the current (i) is modulated with at least one high (HF) frequency in the GHz range such that no wavelength modulation takes place. The amplitude of the HF modulation is selected at a maximum intensity using the linear dynamic range of the laser diode (3). The measurement signal (14) is demodulated before its evaluation, at the point of the at least one high frequency.
Abstract:
Systems for measuring optical properties of a specimen are disclosed. The systems are configured to sample signals related to the measurement of the properties of a specimen, and perform software-based coherent detection of the signals to generate resulting measurements are based on the signals acquired at substantially the same time instance. This facilitates the displaying or generating of the desired measurements in real time. In one configuration, the system is configured to direct a modulated light signal at a selected wavelength incident upon a specimen. In another configuration, the system is configured to direct a combined light signal, derived from a plurality of light signals at different wavelengths and modulated with different frequencies, incident upon a specimen. In yet another configuration, the system is configured to direct a plurality of light signals modulated with different frequencies incident upon different regions of a specimen.
Abstract:
A system is presented. The system includes an absorption cell (104) filled-with a gas-mixture (102), a mirror-cum-window (106) comprising a first portion that acts as a first mirror (114) and a second portion that acts as a first window (116), a second mirror (110), a second window (118), a plurality of radiation sources (120,122,124) to generate a plurality of light beams (126,128,130) directed into the absorption cell (104) through the first window (116) followed by reflection of the plurality of light beams between the first mirror (114) and the second mirror (110) to irradiate the gas mixture (102) resulting in generation of a plurality of transmitted light beams (132,134) passing out of the absorption cell (104) through the second window (118), a detector (136) that detects at least one characteristic of the plurality of transmitted light beams (132,134) resulting in generation of one or more response signals (137,138), and a processing subsystem (140) that analyzes the gas-mixture at least based on the one or more response signals (137,138).
Abstract:
Methods, analytical devices and analytical systems are provided for determining at least one analyte concentration in a body fluid sample. The methods, which may be incorporated into the devices and systems, can include the following steps: applying a body fluid to a test carrier; illuminating the test carrier by at least one light source, where the at least one light source is modulated by using at least two modulation frequencies; receiving light remitted by the test carrier by using at least one detector; determining an analyte concentration by evaluating at least one detector signal generated by the detector, where the detector signal is demodulated with the at least two modulation frequencies to generate at least two demodulated detector signals, each demodulated signal corresponding to one of the modulation frequencies; and detecting a fault by comparing the at least two demodulated detector signals.
Abstract:
A gas absorption spectroscopy system and method are provided. A sealed chamber is provided with a reference gas having a known moisture concentration. An illumination source (112) is disposed in the sealed chamber and is configured to generate an illumination beam. A measurement cell (104) is coupled to the sealed chamber and is configured for exposure to a gas sample (106) such that illumination (118) travelling through the measurement cell (104) passes through the gas sample (106). A process window (116) is disposed between the sealed chamber and the measurement cell (104). The process window (116) is configured to receive the illumination beam from the illumination source (112) and reflect a first portion (128) of illumination while allowing a second portion (118) of illumination to pass into the measurement cell (104). A reference detector (110) is disposed to receive the first portion (128) of illumination and provide a reference detector signal. A measurement detector (108) is disposed to receive the second portion (124) of illumination after the second portion of illumination has passed through the measurement cell (104) and provide a measurement detector signal. A controller (105) is coupled to the reference detector (110) and the measurement detector (108) and is configured to provide a compensated moisture output based on the reference detector signal and the measurement detector signal.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods of diagnosing and/or prognosing proliferative disorders, especially brain cancers (e.g. gliomas). In particular, the present invention provides a means to conveniently detect malignant tumours merely by assaying or analysing blood (particularly blood serum). Cytokines and/or angiogenesis factors in blood serum have been found to be surprisingly powerful at indicating the presence of brain cancers in a subject. Moreover, spectroscopic analysis, especially ATR-FTIR analysis, of a blood sample has been demonstrated to be surprisingly effective at producing a signature that can be correlated with the presence, extent, severity, or aggressiveness of malignant tumours in a subject.