Abstract:
Various embodiments of apparatuses, systems and methods are described herein for a spectrometer comprising at least two dispersive elements configured to receive at least one input optical signal and generate two or more pluralities of spatially separated spectral components, at least a portion of the at least two dispersive elements being implemented on a first substrate; and a single detector array coupled to the at least two dispersive elements and configured to receive and measure two or more pluralities of narrowband optical signals derived from the two or more pluralities of spatially separated spectral components, respectively.
Abstract:
A photodiode device including a photosensitive diffusion junction within a single layer. The photodiode device further includes a resonant grating located within the single layer. The photosensitive diffusion junction is located within the resonant grating.
Abstract:
The invention provides an energy dispersion device, spectrograph and method that can be used to evaluate the composition of matter on site without the need for specialized training or expensive equipment. The energy dispersion device or spectrograph can be used with a digital camera or cell phone. A device of the invention includes a stack of single- or double-dispersion diffraction gratings that are rotated about their normal giving rise to a multiplicity of diffraction orders from which meaningful measurements and determinations can be made with respect to the qualitative or quantitative characteristics of matter.
Abstract:
Several techniques are provided to reduce the spurious reflection generated at the exit surface of a transmission grating. In one embodiment the exit surface of the grating is not parallel with the entrance surface. In another embodiment, the first and second surfaces of the grating are parallel and a second substrate is attached to the second surface of the grating. The second substrate has an entrance surface and an exit surface having at least a wedge angle relative to the entrance surface. In another embodiment, a second substrate is fixedly connected to the second surface of a parallel plate grating, where the second substrate has an entrance surface and an exit surface. The exit surface is curved such that it will be about normal to a beam transmitted over a range of angels of incidence onto the grating region.
Abstract:
A Sagnac interferometer can include a beamsplitter arranged to receive an input beam of light of a design wavelength, to split the input beam of light into first and second beams that counter propagate around an optical path, and to recombine the first and second beams into an output beam of light. The optical path can include at least one diffraction grating that is arranged to satisfy an effective Littrow geometry.
Abstract:
An apparatus for optical spectrometry utilizes a simplified construction, reducing the number of independent optical elements needed while providing a sizeable dispersed spectrum. The apparatus provides a spectral intensity distribution of an input source wherein individual spectral components in the source can be measured and, in some embodiments, can be manipulated or filtered.
Abstract:
An apparatus for optical spectrometry utilizes a simplified construction, reducing the number of independent optical elements needed while providing a sizeable dispersed spectrum. The apparatus provides a spectral intensity distribution of an input source wherein individual spectral components in the source can be measured and, in some embodiments, can be manipulated or filtered.
Abstract:
A spectral characteristic measuring device includes an illuminating unit that illuminates a medium; a light dividing unit that divides reflection light from the medium into reflection light beams; a first imaging unit that includes first lenses and second lenses arranged alternately in a staggered pattern and focuses the respective reflection light beams; a diffraction unit that includes a first diffraction region and a second diffraction region and diffracts the focused reflection light beams to form diffraction images; and a light receiving unit that includes plural pixels for receiving the diffraction images. The reflection light beams focused by the first lenses enter the first diffraction region to form first diffraction images, the reflection light beams focused by the second lenses enter the second diffraction region to form second diffraction images, and the first and second diffraction images are arranged alternately on the light receiving unit in a pixel arrangement direction.
Abstract:
An apparatus for optical spectrometry utilizes a simplified construction, reducing the number of independent optical elements needed while providing a sizeable dispersed spectrum. The apparatus provides a spectral intensity distribution of an input source wherein individual spectral components in the source can be measured and, in some embodiments, can be manipulated or filtered.
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device for detecting a physical amount distribution, the semiconductor device comprising unit components arrayed in a predetermined order, the unit components each including a unit signal generation portion for detecting an electromagnetic wave and outputting the corresponding unit signal. A diffraction grating is provided on the incident light side of a spectral image sensor, the diffraction grating including scatterers, slits, and scatterers disposed in that order. An electromagnetic wave is scattered by the scatterers to produce diffracted waves, and by using the fact that interference patterns between the diffracted waves change with wavelengths, signals are detected for respective wavelengths by photoelectric conversion elements in each photodiode group.