Abstract:
A method for sequencing a nucleic acid may include disposing a plurality of template nucleic acids into a plurality of reaction chambers, wherein the plurality of reaction chambers is in contact with a chemical-sensitive field effect transistor (chemFET) array comprising at least one chemFET for each reaction chamber, wherein the at least one chemFET has a floating gate, and wherein each of the template nucleic acids is hybridized to a sequencing primer and is bound to a polymerase. The method may further include synthesizing a new nucleic acid strand by incorporating one or more known nucleotide triphosphates sequentially at the 3' end of the sequencing primer and detecting the incorporation of the one or more known nucleotide triphosphates by a change in current at the at least one chemFET within the array.
Abstract:
The present invention provides novel microfluidic devices and methods that are useful for performing high-throughput screening assays and combinatorial chemistry. Such methods can include labeling a library of compounds by emulsifying aqueous solutions of the compounds and aqueous solutions of unique liquid labels on a microfluidic device, which includes a plurality of electrically addressable, channel bearing fluidic modules integrally arranged on a microfabricated substrate such that a continuous channel is provided for flow of immiscible fluids, whereby each compound is labeled with a unique liquid label, pooling the labeled emulsions, coalescing the labeled emulsions with emulsions containing a specific cell or enzyme, thereby forming a nanoreactor, screening the nanoreactors for a desirable reaction between the contents of the nanoreactor, and decoding the liquid label, thereby identifying a single compound from a library of compounds.
Abstract:
This invention relates to methods of generating single stranded DNA libraries for use in amplification and sequencing reactions. In various aspects, the disclosed methods include: fragmenting DNA; polishing the fragments' ends; lighting the fragments to universal adapters; performing strand displacement and extension of the nicked fragments; purifying the double-stranded libation products; capturing the double-stranded libation products onto a solid support; and isolating single stranded DNA library fragments, and binding these fragments to another solid support.
Abstract:
This invention relates to methods of sequencing DNA. More specifically, this invention relates to methods of sequencing both the sense and antisense strands of DNA through the use of blocked and unblocked sequencing primers. In brief, these methods include the steps of annealing an unblocked primer to a first strand of nucleic acid; annealing a second blocked primer to a second strand of nucleic acid; elongating the nucleic acid along the first strand with a polymerase; terminating the first sequencing primer; deblocking the second primer; and elongating the nucleic acid along the second strand.
Abstract:
Methods, compositions, systems, apparatuses and kits comprising modified proteins, particularly modified nucleic acid-binding proteins with altered buffering properties are provided. For example, in some embodiments, methods of forming modified proteins including one or more amino acid modifications to achieve desired pKa values are described. Furthermore, the invention provides methods for using such modified proteins in ion-producing reactions, such as ion-based nucleic acid sequencing reactions.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus relating to very large scale FET arrays for analyte measurements. ChemFET (e.g., ISFET) arrays may be fabricated using conventional CMOS processing techniques based on improved FET pixel and array designs that increase measurement sensitivity and accuracy, and at the same time facilitate significantly small pixel sizes and dense arrays. Improved array control techniques provide for rapid data acquisition from large and dense arrays. Such arrays may be employed to detect a presence and/or concentration changes of various analyte types in a wide variety of chemical and/or biological processes. In one example, chemFET arrays facilitate DNA sequencing techniques based on monitoring changes in the concentration of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi), hydrogen ions, and nucleotide triphosphates.
Abstract:
The present invention provides novel microfluidic devices, kits, and methods that are useful for performing high-throughput screening assays and diagnostics. Such diagnostic methods can include emulsifying an aqueous library of compounds with a set of uniquely dyecoded-labeled droplets in an inert fluorocarbon medium, thereby forming an interactor library, emulsifying an aqueous sample from a subject in an inert fluorocarbon medium, wherein said sample contains a compound that will react with at least one interactor molecule from the interactor library, coalescing the emulsions to form a nanoreactor, and screening the nanoreactors for a desirable reaction between the contents of the nanoreactor, herein one or more steps are performed on a microfluidic device, which can include a plurality of electrically addressable, channel bearing fluidic modules integrally arranged on a microfabricated substrate such that a continuous channel is provided for flow of immiscible fluids.
Abstract:
The present invention provides novel microfluidic devices and methods that are useful for performing high-throughput screening assays and combinatorial chemistry. The device can include a plurality of electrically addressable, channel bearing fluidic modules integrally arranged on a microfabricated substrate such that a continuous channel is provided for flow of immiscible fluids.
Abstract:
The present invention provides novel microfluidic devices and methods that are useful for performing high-throughput screening assays and combinatorial chemistry. Such methods can include labeling a library of compounds by emulsifying aqueous solutions of the compounds and aqueous solutions of unique liquid labels on a microfluidic device, which includes a plurality of electrically addressable, channel bearing fluidic modules integrally arranged on a microfabricated substrate such that a continuous channel is provided for flow of immiscible fluids, whereby each compound is labeled with a unique liquid label, pooling the labeled emulsions, coalescing the labeled emulsions with emulsions containing a specific cell or enzyme, thereby forming a nanoreactor, screening the nanoreactors for a desirable reaction between the contents of the nanoreactor, and decoding the liquid label, thereby identifying a single compound from a library of compounds.