Abstract:
The dispersion photometer described is designed particularly for the kinetic determination of total proteins and has a light source (20), an optical system, a removable optical cell (24) in the sample chamber, a stirrer, a photo-electric sensor (38) which receives light scattered forward at an angle, and an electronic processing and display unit (46) connected in series with the photo-electric sensor (38). All the elements located between the light source (20) and the optical cell (24), and between the optical cell (24) and the photo-electric sensor (38), have a coefficient of transmission or reflection in the visible region of the spectrum which is as high as possible, and do not reflect or absorb selectively.
Abstract:
A noninvasive device for photoelectrically measuring a property of arterial blood is provided. Light that contacts living tissue with arterial blood is converted into a pair of electrical signals. The electrical signals are processed to provide information of the amplitude of the measured signals and are further processed to produce a final output signal that is substantially a square function of a ratio between the electrical signals representative of the amplitudes.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft Ansteuer- und Auswerteschaltung für eine Laserdiode (1) und eine Fotodiode (3) zur Bestimmung der Konzentration eines Gases. Die Laserdiode kann Licht im Bereich einer Absorptionslinie des Gases erzeugen. Die Schaltung enthält einen Treiber (10, 11, 12, 13) zur Erzeugung eines Treibersignals (17) für die Laserdiode (1), eine Baugruppe (8, 9) zur Erzeugung eines Referenzsignals (20) und einen Subtrahierer (5) zum Subtrahieren des Referenzsignals (20) von dem von der Fotodiode gelieferten Signal (21). Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung ein Messgerät zur Bestimmung der Konzentration eines Gases mit einer solchen Ansteuer- und Auswerteschaltung. Schließlich betrifft die Erfindung ein entsprechendes Verfahren.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a device for inspecting eggs for the presence of blood. The device comprises a light source in order to pass light at a first wavelength which is not selectively absorbed by blood and light at a second wavelength which is selectively absorbed by blood through an egg to be inspected. Furthermore, the device comprises detection means for converting the light transmission through the egg to be inspected for each of the two wavelengths into corresponding signals, each of the said signals being representative of the light transmission at the relevant wavelength. The device also comprises signal-processing means which are designed to determine the ratio between the light transmission associated with the first wavelength and the light transmission associated with the second wavelength based on the signals emanating from the detection means and to emit a decision signal which is representative of the decision whether or not an egg contains blood on the basis of this ratio. According to the invention, the light source comprises one or more identical LED' s (Light Emitting Diode) for generating light which passes through the egg. In use the one or more LED' s emit light within a certain narrow spectrum, which spectrum comprises both the first and the second wavelength.
Abstract:
A sensor arrangement monitors the conversion rate of an exhaust gas catalyst (1) arranged in the tail-pipe (6) of an internal combustion engine (16). The sensor arrangement has two element pairs composed each of an infrared radiation element and of an infrared sensor element (2.1/4.1 or 2.2/4.2) arranged opposite to the infrared radiation element with respect to the exhaust gas flow (5.1, 5.2). These pairs of infrared radiation elements and infrared sensor elements are arranged one adjacent to the input side and the other adjacent to the output side of the exhaust gas pipe (6, 7) of the catalyst (1). The spectral sensitivity of each pair is tuned to the absorption or emission spectrum of at least one gas, which is always the same, of the exhaust gas mixture. A comparator arrangement (26) receives the output signals of both infrared sensor elements (4.1, 4.2) or values calculated in the same manner from said output signals for both infrared sensor elements, and generates a signal from the output signals or calculated values. The signal contains information on changes of concentration of the gas in the exhaust gas mixture in the catalyst (1), thus on the conversion rate of the catalyst.
Abstract:
A method of adapting the number of sub-samples analysed by a spectrophotometer comprises acquiring spectral data from an initial plurality of sub-samples (4); processing the acquired spectral data to obtain a value for a sample parameter for each of the sub-samples of the initial plurality (6); determining a variation, particularly a standard deviation, in the obtained values for each of the initial plurality of sub-samples (8) as a Quality Index; and optionally obtaining spectral data from one or more new sub-samples depending on whether or not the Quality Index fulfils a predetermined condition.
Abstract:
A computer implemented method. The method includes obtaining, using a processor, spectral reflectance data (10) from a coated surface having a target coating theron; and determining (18), using the processor, whether the data includes any outlier data points (20). The method also includes removing (22), using the processor, at least one of the outlier data points to produce final spectral reflectance data (32); and calculating (34), using the processor, a characteristic of the target coating based at least in part on the final spectral reflectance data.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a device for inspecting eggs for the presence of blood. The device comprises a light source in order to pass light at a first wavelength which is not selectively absorbed by blood and light at a second wavelength which is selectively absorbed by blood through an egg to be inspected. Furthermore, the device comprises detection means for converting the light transmission through the egg to be inspected for each of the two wavelengths into corresponding signals, each of the said signals being representative of the light transmission at the relevant wavelength. The device also comprises signal-processing means which are transmission associated with the first wavelength and the light transmission associated with the second wavelength based on the signals emanating from the detection means and to emit a decision signal which is representative of the decision whether or not an egg contains blood on the basis of this ratio. According to the invention, the light source comprises one or more identical LED's (Light Emitting Diode) for generating light which passes through the egg. In use the one or more LED's emit light within a certain narrow spectrum, which spectrum comprises both the first and the second wavelength.
Abstract:
Le photomètre à écran diffusant est prévu en particulier pour la détermination cinétique de protéines totales et possède une source lumineuse (20), une optique, une cuvette (24) échangeable se trouvant dans la chambre des échantillons, un agitateur, un récepteur photoélectrique (38) recevant de la lumière diffusée obliquement vers l'avant, ainsi que, placées en aval et reliées à ce dernier, une électronique d'analyse et une unité d'affichage (46). Entre la source lumineuse (20) et la cuvette (24) ainsi qu'entre la cuvette (24) et le récepteur photoélectrique (38) ne se trouvent que des composants présentant dans le domaine spectral visible une transmission ou une réflexion aussi grandes que possible, sans absorption ou réflexion sélectives.