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    RECOMBINANT ZYMOMONAS FOR PENTOSE FERMENTATION
    41.
    发明申请
    RECOMBINANT ZYMOMONAS FOR PENTOSE FERMENTATION 审中-公开
    用于发酵发酵的重组ZYMOMONAS

    公开(公告)号：WO1995028476A1

    公开(公告)日：1995-10-26

    申请号：PCT/US1995004765

    申请日：1995-04-17

    Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE

    Inventor： MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  PICATAGGIO, Stephen, K. ,  ZHANG, Min ,  EDDY, Christina, K. ,  DEANDA, Kristine, A. ,  FINKELSTEIN, Mark ,  MOHAGHEGHI, Ali ,  NEWMAN, Mildred, M. ,  McMILLAN, James, D.

    IPC: C12N01/21

    CPC classification number: C12N9/10 ,  C12N9/90 ,  C12N15/52 ,  C12P7/065 ,  Y02E50/17

    Abstract: The invention relates to microorganisms which normally do not ferment pentose sugar and which are genetically altered to ferment pentose sugar to produce ethanol, and fermentation processes utilizing the same. Examples include Zymomonas mobilis which has been transformed with combinations of E. coli genes for xylose isomerase, xylulokinase, transaldolase, transketolase, L-arabinose isomerase, L-ribulokinase, and L-ribulose 5-phosphate 4-epimerase. Expression of the added genes are under the control of Zymomonas mobilis promoters. These newly created microorganisms are useful for fermenting pentoses and glucose, produced by hydrolysis of hemicellulose and cellulose, to produce ethanol.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通常不会发酵戊糖并且遗传改变以发酵戊糖以产生乙醇的微生物，以及利用其的发酵方法。 实例包括已经用木糖异构酶，木酮糖激酶，转醛醇酶，转酮酶，L-阿拉伯糖异构酶，L-核糖激酶和L-核酮糖5-磷酸4-差向异构酶的大肠杆菌基因的组合转化的运动发酵单胞菌（Zymomonas mobilis）。 添加的基因的表达在运动发酵单胞菌启动子的控制下。 这些新产生的微生物可用于发酵通过半纤维素和纤维素的水解产生的戊糖和葡萄糖以产生乙醇。

    HYBRID CENTRAL RECEIVER
    42.
    发明申请
    HYBRID CENTRAL RECEIVER 审中-公开
    混合中央接收机

    公开(公告)号：WO1995012757A1

    公开(公告)日：1995-05-11

    申请号：PCT/US1994010811

    申请日：1994-09-23

    Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE

    Inventor： MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  BHARATHAN, Desikan ,  BOHN, Mark, S. ,  WILLIAMS, Thomas, A.

    IPC: F03G06/00

    CPC classification number: F03G6/065 ,  F03G6/064 ,  F24S20/20 ,  Y02E10/46

    Abstract: A hybrid combined cycle power plant including a solar central receiver (7) for receiving solar radiation and converting it to thermal energy. The power plant includes a molten salt heat transfer medium (8) for transferring the thermal energy to an air heater (9). The air heater (9) uses the thermal energy to preheat the air from the compressor (12) of the gas cycle. The exhaust gases from the gas cycle are directed to a steam turbine (16) for additional energy production.

    Abstract translation: 一种混合式联合循环发电厂，其包括用于接收太阳辐射并将其转换成热能的太阳能中央接收器（7）。 发电厂包括用于将热能传递到空气加热器（9）的熔盐传热介质（8）。 空气加热器（9）使用热能来预热来自气体循环的压缩机（12）的空气。 来自气体循环的废气被引导到蒸汽轮机（16）以进行额外的能量产生。

    ACTIVE HETEROCONJUGATES OF CELLOBIOHYDROLASE AND BETA-GLUCOSIDASE
    43.
    发明申请
    ACTIVE HETEROCONJUGATES OF CELLOBIOHYDROLASE AND BETA-GLUCOSIDASE 审中-公开
    胞嘧啶脱氢酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶的活性偶联

    公开(公告)号：WO1994029460A1

    公开(公告)日：1994-12-22

    申请号：PCT/US1994006528

    申请日：1994-06-10

    Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE

    Inventor： MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  BAKER, John, O. ,  HIMMEL, Michael, E. ,  GROHMANN, Karel ,  THOMAS, Steven, R.

    IPC: C12N15/62

    CPC classification number: C12Y302/01091 ,  C07K2319/00 ,  C12N9/2437 ,  C12N9/2445 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12Y302/01021 ,  Y02E50/16

    Abstract: Active heterodimers are described which are prepared by connecting molecules of beta-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase with a bifunctional reagent (i.e., a crosslinking agent) or by genetic fusion of the two polypeptide chains. The ability of the beta-glucosidase to catalyze hydrolysis of cellobiose to glucose, and the ability of cellobiohydrolase to bind to crystalline cellulose and to catalyze the cleavage of cellobiosyl residues from the non-reducing ends of the cellulose chains, are all retained in the combined molecule.

    Abstract translation: 描述了通过将β-葡糖苷酶和纤维二糖水解酶的分子与双功能试剂（即交联剂）连接或通过两条多肽链的遗传融合制备的活性异二聚体。 β-葡糖苷酶催化纤维二糖水解葡萄糖的能力，以及纤维二糖水解酶结合结晶纤维素和催化从纤维素链的非还原末端切割纤维素二糖残基的能力都保留在组合 分子。

    METHOD FOR SILICON CARBIDE PRODUCTION
    45.
    发明申请
    METHOD FOR SILICON CARBIDE PRODUCTION 审中-公开
    碳化硅生产方法

    公开(公告)号：WO1994016994A1

    公开(公告)日：1994-08-04

    申请号：PCT/US1994000528

    申请日：1994-01-21

    Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE

    Inventor： MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  GLATZMAIER, Gregory, C. ,  KOC, Rasit

    IPC: C01B31/36

    CPC classification number: C01B32/956 ,  C01P2004/61 ,  C01P2004/62

    Abstract: A method is described for producing silicon carbide particles using a silicon source material and a hydrocarbon. The method is efficient and is characterized by high yield. Finely divided silicon source material is contacted with hydrocarbon at a temperature of 400 DEG to 1000 DEG C where the hydrocarbon pyrolyzes and coats the particles with carbon. The particles are then heated to 1100 DEG C to 1600 DEG C to cause a reaction between the ingredients to form silicon carbide of very small particle size. No grinding of silicon carbide is required to obtain small particles. The method may be carried out as a batch process or as a continuous process.

    Abstract translation: 描述了使用硅源材料和烃制造碳化硅颗粒的方法。 该方法是有效的，其特征是产量高。 细碎的硅源材料在400℃至1000℃的温度下与烃接触，其中烃热解并用碳涂覆颗粒。 然后将颗粒加热至1100℃至1600℃以引起成分之间的反应，形成非常小粒径的碳化硅。 不需要研磨碳化硅来获得小颗粒。 该方法可以作为间歇过程或连续过程进行。

    INCREASING JET ENTRAINMENT, MIXING AND SPREADING
    46.
    发明申请
    INCREASING JET ENTRAINMENT, MIXING AND SPREADING 审中-公开
    增加喷嘴输入，混合和扩展

    公开(公告)号：WO1994015154A1

    公开(公告)日：1994-07-07

    申请号：PCT/US1993012538

    申请日：1993-12-22

    Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE

    Inventor： MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  FARRINGTON, Robert, B.

    IPC: F24F07/007

    CPC classification number: F24F13/072

    Abstract: A jet excitation system (10) includes a pulsator mechanism (20) positioned in a fluid delivery duct (12) upstream from a nozzle. The pulsator mechanism (20) imparts periodic pressure pulsations to a fluid stream in a manner than enhances spreading and increases entrainment and mixing of the jet (60) exiting the nozzle. The jet excitation system (10) when employed in heating, ventilation and air condition (HVAC) systems increases the entrainment, mixing and spreading of an air stream exiting a nozzle into an enclosure.

    Abstract translation: 喷射激励系统（10）包括位于流体输送管道（12）中的从喷嘴上游的脉动器机构（20）。 脉动器机构（20）以不同于增强喷射的方式使流体流以周期性压力脉动的方式施加压力脉动，并增加了离开喷嘴的射流（60）的夹带和混合。 喷气激发系统（10）当用于加热，通风和空调（HVAC）系统时，增加了从喷嘴排出到外壳中的气流的夹带，混合和扩散。

    DYNAMIC VACUUM INSULATION
    47.
    发明申请
    DYNAMIC VACUUM INSULATION 审中-公开
    动态真空绝缘

    公开(公告)号：WO1994009333A1

    公开(公告)日：1994-04-28

    申请号：PCT/US1993000656

    申请日：1993-01-25

    Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  BENSON, David, K. ,  POTTER, Thomas, F.

    Inventor： MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE

    IPC: F28F27/00

    CPC classification number: A47J41/02 ,  A47J27/002 ,  A47J41/028 ,  B64G1/22 ,  B64G1/226 ,  B64G1/50 ,  B64G1/503 ,  B64G1/58 ,  E04B1/803 ,  E04B2001/7691 ,  E04C2/292 ,  E04C2/34 ,  E06B3/66304 ,  F01N3/08 ,  F01N3/2006 ,  F01N3/2013 ,  F01N3/2046 ,  F01N3/2882 ,  F01N3/2889 ,  F01N5/02 ,  F01N13/0097 ,  F01N13/14 ,  F01N2240/02 ,  F01N2240/10 ,  F01N2260/02 ,  F01N2260/08 ,  F01N2330/06 ,  F01N2470/12 ,  F28F13/00 ,  F28F2013/008 ,  H01M10/613 ,  H01M10/615 ,  H01M10/647 ,  H01M10/6554 ,  H01M10/658 ,  Y02A30/242 ,  Y02B80/12 ,  Y02T10/16 ,  Y02T10/26 ,  Y10T428/26

    Abstract: A compact vacuum insulation panel (10) comprising a chamber (15) enclosed by two sheets of metal (12, 14), glass-like spaces (16) disposed in the chamber (15) between the sidewalls (12, 14), and a high-grade vacuum in the chamber includes apparatus and methods for enabling and disabling, or turning "on" and "off" the thermal insulating capability of the panel (10). One type of enabling and disabling apparatus and method includes a metal hydride (14, 54) for releasing hydrogen gas into the chamber (15) in response to heat, and a hydrogen grate (26, 56) between the metal hydride (24, 54) and the chamber (15) for selectively preventing and allowing return of the hydrogen gas to the metal hydride (24, 54). Another type of enabling and disabling apparatus and method includes a variable emissivity coating (170, 190) on the sheets of metal (12, 14) in which the emissivity is controllably variable by heat or electricity. Still another type of enabling and disabling apparatus and method includes metal-to-metal contact devices (110, 120, 130, 140) that can be actuated to establish or break metal-to-metal heat paths or thermal short circuits between the metal sidewalls (12, 14). Disabling means for selectively and reversibly disabling the capability of said combination of sidewall sheets and evacuated chamber to inhibit heat transfer.

    Abstract translation: 一种紧凑的真空绝热板（10），包括由两片金属（12,14）包围的室（15），设置在侧壁（12,14）之间的室（15）中的玻璃状空间（16）和 该室中的高级真空包括用于启用或禁用或打开或关闭面板（10）的绝热能力的装置和方法。 一种使能和禁用装置和方法包括用于响应于热将氢气释放到腔室（15）中的金属氢化物（14,54）和金属氢化物（24,54）之间的氢格栅（26,56） ）和腔室（15），用于选择性地防止和允许氢气返回到金属氢化物（24,54）。 另一种类型的使能和禁用装置和方法包括在金属片（12,14）上的可变发射率涂层（170,190），其中发射率由热或电可控地变化。 另一种类型的使能和禁用装置和方法包括金属对金属接触装置（110,120,130,140），其可被致动以建立或断开金属到金属的热路径或金属侧壁之间的热短路 （12,14）。 禁用装置，用于选择性地和可逆地禁用所述侧壁片和抽真空室的组合以抑制热传递的能力。

    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HIGH-EFFICIENCY DIRECT CONTACT CONDENSATION
    48.
    发明申请
    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HIGH-EFFICIENCY DIRECT CONTACT CONDENSATION 审中-公开
    用于高效直接接触冷凝的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：WO1998042434A1

    公开(公告)日：1998-10-01

    申请号：PCT/US1997017113

    申请日：1997-09-12

    Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE

    Inventor： MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  BHARATHAN, Desikan ,  PARENT, Yves ,  HASSANI, A., Vahab

    IPC: B01F03/04

    CPC classification number: F28F25/087 ,  F28B3/02 ,  F28B3/04 ,  F28F25/06 ,  Y10S261/10 ,  Y10S261/32

    Abstract: A direct contact condenser (10) having a downward vapor flow chamber (18) and an upward flow vapor chamber (20), wherein each of the vapor chambers includes a plurality of cooling pipes (22, 24) and a vapor-liquid contact medium (28, 29), which may comprise a plurality of adjacent sheets, and which define a substantially straightforward vapor flow path, disposed thereunder. The upward flow chamber includes a second set of cooling liquid supply pipes (26) and pressure controlled valve means (54). The condenser further includes separate condensate collection wells (30, 32). A computational model may be used to perform calculations to predict the performance of the condenser.

    Abstract translation: 具有向下蒸气流动室（18）和向上流动蒸气室（20）的直接接触冷凝器（10），其中每个蒸气室包括多个冷却管（22,24）和气 - 液接触介质 （28,29），其可以包括多个相邻的片材，并且其定义在其下方布置的基本上简单的蒸汽流动路径。 向上流动腔室包括第二组冷却液体供应管道（26）和压力控制阀门装置（54）。 冷凝器还包括单独的冷凝物收集井（30,32）。 可以使用计算模型来执行计算以预测冷凝器的性能。

    METHOD FOR CHARGING A HYDROGEN GETTER
    49.
    发明申请
    METHOD FOR CHARGING A HYDROGEN GETTER 审中-公开
    充氢装置的方法

    公开(公告)号：WO1998028224A1

    公开(公告)日：1998-07-02

    申请号：PCT/US1997023227

    申请日：1997-12-12

    Applicant: MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE

    Inventor： MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,  TRACY, C., Edwin ,  KEYSER, Matthew, A. ,  BENSON, David, K.

    IPC: C01B06/24

    CPC classification number: C01B3/0005 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y10S420/90

    Abstract: A method for charging a sample of either a permanent or reversible getter material with a high concentration of hydrogen while maintaining a base pressure below 10-4 torr at room temperature involves placing the sample of hydrogen getter material (11), overcharging the sample of getter material through conventional charging techniques to a high concentration of hydrogen (12), and then subjecting the sample of getter material to a low temperature vacuum bake-out process (14). Application of the method results in a reversible hydrogen getter which is highly charged to maximum capacities of hydrogen and which concurrently exhibits minimum hydrogen vapor pressures at room temperatures.

    Abstract translation: 在室温下将基础压力保持在10-4乇以下的方式，将具有高浓度氢气的永久或可逆吸气剂材料的样品充入包括放置吸气剂材料（11）的样品，使吸气剂样品过度充电 材料通过常规的充电技术转化为高浓度的氢气（12），然后将吸气剂样品进行低温真空烘烤处理（14）。 该方法的应用产生了可逆氢吸气剂，其高度充电至氢的最大容量，并且其在室温下同时呈现最小的氢蒸汽压力。

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