Abstract:
PURPOSE:To modulate a conductivity remarkably by a method wherein the carrier concentration of a channel part between first and second electrodes is modulated and a superconduction transition temperature is varied to switch the conducting state of the channel part between superconduction and normal conduction. CONSTITUTION:A gate electrode 3 made of normal conductor such as metal or superconductor is provided on a superconductor 1 made of oxide system superconducting material such as Nd1+XBa2-XCu3O7-delta with an insulating thin film 2 whose thickness is thin enough to produce a carrier tunnel between to form a gate part 4. Then first and second lectrodes 5 and 6, i.e. source and drain electrodes, are provided on both the sides of the gate part 4. Carriers are injected into the above mentioned superconductor 1 under the gate part 4 through the insulating thin film 2 by applying a voltage to the gate electrode 3 and the carrier concentration of a channel part 8 between the first and second electrodes 5 and 6 and a superconduction transition temperature is varied to switch the conducting state of the channel part 8 between superconduction and normal conduction. With this constitution, the conductivity can be modulated remarkably.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve an accuracy of determination of a tumor or the like, and to establish a novel diagnosis index about a tumor or the like, such as a progress of a tumor or the like and an invasion degree in a depth direction.SOLUTION: There is provided a photodynamic diagnosis apparatus 1 including: a light source 14 for generating a light pulse having a time width shorter than a fluorescence lifetime of a photosensitive medicine; and a detector 15 for measuring a temporally changing waveform of the fluorescence caused by the light pulse.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an alignment method of a semiconductor optical amplifier capable of performing optimization of coupling efficiency of incident laser light and an optical waveguide of the semiconductor optical amplifier independently from an external monitoring device.SOLUTION: In an alignment method of a semiconductor optical amplifier 200 in which laser light from a laser light source 100 is optical-amplified and emitted, current of a predetermined value is applied to the semiconductor optical amplifier 200 while the laser light from the laser light source 100 is incident on the semiconductor optical amplifier 200, and the relative position of the semiconductor optical amplifier 200 for the laser light incident on the semiconductor optical amplifier 200 is adjusted so as to maximize the voltage applied to the semiconductor optical amplifier 200.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a driving method of a mode-locked semiconductor laser element, having a structure for reducing the influence due to piezo polarization and spontaneous polarization. SOLUTION: The mode-locked semiconductor laser element includes a laminated structure, obtained by sequentially laminating a first compound semiconductor layer 30 formed of a GaN-based compound semiconductor, a third compound semiconductor layer 40 having a light emitting region 41 and a second compound semiconductor 50; a second electrode 62; and a first electrode 61. The laminated structure is formed on a compound semiconductor substrate 21 having polarity; the third compound semiconductor layer includes a quantum well structure having a well layer and a barrier layer; the thickness of the well layer is 1 to 10 nm and impurity doping concentration of the barrier layer is 2×10 18 through 1×10 20 cm -3 ; and in the driving method of the mode-locked semiconductor laser element, current is made to flow to the first electrode 61 from the second electrode 62 via the laminated structure, and thus an optical pulse can be generated in the light emitting region 41. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light emitting diode of significantly high light emitting efficiency that can be manufactured by one-time epitaxial growth at a low cost, and a manufacturing method thereof. SOLUTION: In a recess 11a formed on one main surface of a sapphire substrate 11, growth in a lateral direction is performed from a GaN layer 12, after burying the recess 11a by making the GaN layer 12 grow after passing through a state of a triangular cross section shape with its bottom face as a base. A light emitting diode structure is formed on the GaN layer 12 by growing a GaN based semiconductor layer including an active layer on the GaN layer 12. By using the GaN based light emitting diode, a light emitting diode backlight, etc. is manufactured. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve crystallinity and electrical conductivity, and to average the composition ratio or p-type impurity concentration within the crystal growth side. SOLUTION: A first layer 11, consisting of AlGaN mixed crystal with a thickness of about 1 to 100 nm, and a second layer 12, consisting of p-type GaN doped with Mg to a thickness of about 1 to 100 nm are alternately laminated in a plurality of laminations, respectively. Since the first layer 11 and the second layer 12, which have independent contents of aluminum and p-type impurity concentrations and are different from each other, are formed in separate processes, respectively, a proper p-type group III nitride compound semiconductor having the properties as p-type AlGaN mixed crystal, as whole, is obtained. COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for analyzing an InGaN layer, which can obtain a ratio at which indium atoms exist in a mixed crystal of the In x Ga 1-x N layer and a ratio, at which they exist as the indium metal. SOLUTION: In the method, two or more In x Ga 1-x N layers, which have composite ratios x which are different from each other are made up under such conditions that only mixture ratios of starting material gas are changed, while keeping respective temperature conditions and pressure conditions which are identical to each other. Then, a process for analyzing the coordination number of the In atoms ranging near the atomic distance of two first In atoms which are located the most adjacent is carried out for arbitrary In atoms in all of the two or more In x Ga 1-x N layers, and regression line of changes in the coordination number versus the composition ratio x is drawn, and the ratio of the first In atoms existing in the In x Ga 1-x N layers is obtained from the slope of the regression line, and the ratio of the second In atoms is obtained from the intercept of the regression line. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a semiconductor light emitting element and its manufacturing method by which a light emitting diode or a semiconductor laser can emit a yellow light or a red light by using Ga1-xInxN as a light emitting material as well as lights having various wavelengths by using a nitride-based III-V compound semiconductor containing Ga1-xInxN as a light emitting material. SOLUTION: A semiconductor light emitting element using a nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor uses as a light emitting material a nitride- based III-V compound semiconductor doped with a rare-earth element. For example, a GaN-based semiconductor light emitting element uses an Eu-doped Ga1-xInxN active layer 6. The concentration of rare-earth element in the nitride- based III-V compound semiconductor is 1×1018-1×1021 cm-3. The growth temperature of a light emitting layer is 500-800 deg.C.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve consistency of GaN epitaxial growth by forming one or more compound semiconductor layers containing N and one or more elements of Al, B, Ga and In, on a substrate having a perovskite structure with its main surface constituted by a crystal plane of a specified azimuth. SOLUTION: At least one or more compound semiconductor layers containing N and one or more elements of Al, B, Ga and In are formed on a substrate having a perovskite structure with its main surface constituted by a (111), (110), or (001) crystal plane. For example, a buffer layer 2 of GaN, AIN, or a AlGaN, if necessary, is epitaxially grown on a (111) YAlO3 substrate by a MBE method. Subsequently, a first clad layer 3 of a first conducivity type, a GaN active layer 4, a second clad layer 5 of a second conductivity type, and a p-type GaN contact layer 6 of the same conduction type as the second conductivity type are sequentially epitaxially grown.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To provide an ohmic electrode, which is provided on a II-VI compound semiconductor N-type crystal layer consisting of a ZnSe or the like and has a low contact specific resistance value, stable characteristics and uniform ohmic properties, and a method of forming the ohmic electrode. CONSTITUTION:A method of forming an ohmic electrode on an II-VI compound semiconductor N-type crystal line layer consists of a process for making a thallium layer or a thallium-containing metal layer deposit on the II-VI compound semiconductor N-type crystal layer and a process for performing an alloying treatment on the layer consisting of thallium or the thallium-containing metal layer. The ohmic electrode 22 is formed on the II-VI compound semiconductor N-type crystalline layer 20 and consists of the thallium layer or the thallium-containing metal layer.