Abstract:
Adducts of clay, especially of the smectite variety, most especially bentonite, are prepared with an effective amount of at least one activated mixed metal oxide or oxy-hydroxide (AHMMO) formed by dehydrating hydrotalcite or a mixture comprising magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide, or a crystalline mixed metal hydroxide conforming substantially to the formula LimDdT(OH)(m+2d+3+n.a)(A )a.xH2O where m is zero to one, D is a divalent metal, d is from zero to 4, T is a trivalent metal, A represents at least one anion or negative-valence radical of valence n, where n is 1 or more, (m+2d+3+n.a) is equal to or greater than 3, (m+d) is greater than zero, and xH2O represents excess waters of hydration. These adducts are useful, e.g., in drilling muds and in viscosity modification of a wide variety of fluids.
Abstract:
PCT No. PCT/BE91/00051 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 22, 1993 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 22, 1993 PCT Filed Jul. 23, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO92/01629 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 6, 1992.The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of substantially spherical monocrystalline vaterite, in particular, of vaterite having a determined size.
Abstract:
A lubricating agent which comprises a phosphate salt (A) containing at least one divalent or trivalent metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Co, Ca, Mg and Al, a dispersant (B), and at least one lubricant (C) selected from the group consisting of a wax and a metal salt of a fatty acid. The lubricating agent is an aqueous agent and can be used for forming a lubricating coating film suitable for a plastic working, such as forging, wire drawing or pipe drawing, of a metal material such as steel, stainless steel, titanium or aluminum, without a chemical treatment of the metal material.
Abstract:
Lubricating solutions are seud on conveying system in the beverage industry during the filling of containers with dairy products or other beverages. Lubricating compositions of the present invention, especially those designed for use in heavy load bearing conveyors such as those in the dairy industry conveying systems for contained beverages, comprise at least the following components: (a) an alkyl alkoxylated (e.g., ethoxylated or propoxylated, preferably ethoxylated) phosphate ester, (b) a secondary alcohol alkoxylate, (with an optional aryl [e.g., aromatic, such as phenol] alkoxylated [e.g., ethoxylated or propoxylated] phosphate ester), (c) an aromatic or linear quaternary ammonium antimicrobial agent, and (d) a liquid carrier, such as water. These lubricating solutions are capable of providing good lubricity and antimicrobial activity over a prolonged time and under high stress and heavy loads.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a lubricant which contains solid particles that are dispersed in an organic matrix and have a mean particle size of between 1 and 500 nm. The lubricant preferably contains between 0.05 and 30 % by weight, in relation to the total formulation, of solid particles. The organic matrix is preferably selected from among native or mineral oils or fats, carboxylic acid salts with between 12 and 44 carbon atoms, waxes and organic polymers. The solid particles are preferably selected from the metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal nitrides, metal carbides, metal phosphides, metal borides and metal sulfides and preferably have a hydrophobic coating. The above lubricants can be used to lubricate parts moving in relation to each other, as forming aid, cutting fluid and rolling oil emulsion.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for mechanically working of cobalt-containing metals or performing metalworking with a tool made of a metal containing cobalt. The method is carried out in presence of an aqueous cooing lubricant containing a combination of an alkanolamine, a mono- or diphosphate ester and a mono- or dicarboxylic acid. The combination is capable of reducing both the release of cobalt ions and the corrosion of iron. In addition it also contributes essentially to the lubrication.
Abstract:
A lubricant composition including ethoxylated long chain primary alcohols and, preferably, boron compounds but excluding most other previously used organic lubricant materials, gives superior results in tube pointing operations, especially with thick-walled tubes, and is also useful for drawing operations, either subsequent to pointing or independently of pointing, where very high quality surface finishes are desired.
Abstract:
A method of lubricating plastic conveyor tracks or belts is herein described wherein the lubricant composition contains a block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; also described are methods of manufacture of such lubricant compositions in both concentrate and diluted form. The compositions may also comprise an anionic and a nonionic surfactant as well as a neutralizing agent.
Abstract:
Secondary amines having the formula (I): R(Y)sNHX, in which R is an hydrocarbon group having 2-12 carbon atoms, Y is the group -CH(OH)CH2-, -OCH2CH(OH)CH2-, or -O(CH2)3-, X is an alkyl group having 2-3 carbon atoms and substituted with hydroxyl groups in the 2-position or in the 2- and 3-positions, and s is 0 or 1 with the condition that when s is 0, then X is an alkyl group substituted in the 2- and 3-positions, or a salt thereof, are used as anticorrosion and antimicrobial agents. They are suitable to be incorporated in aqueous, alkaline, industrial fluids. An aqueous, alkaline metal working fluid is also disclosed.
Abstract:
A water-glycol hydraulic fluid comprising a higher aliphatic acid in a ratio of 2 to 15% by weight, alkali hydroxide in an amount less than an equivalent amount of the higher aliphatic acid, and an organic alkaline compound containing nitrogen atoms in an amount sufficient to adjust the pH of the whole fluid to 10 to 12 is desclosed. This hydraulic fluid has excellent wear resistance and also excellent sludge solubility.