Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing lithium-mixed metal oxides which essentially contain lithium, manganese, cobalt and nickel as the metal atoms and have a stoichiometric ratio of lithium to the collectivity of the transition metals of greater than 1, comprising a) the production of a mixture referred to as the intermediate product (B), which essentially comprises lithium-containing mixed metal hydroxides and lithium-containing mixed metal oxide hydroxides, in which manganese, cobalt and nickel are contained at the ratio (1-a-b):a:b and in which the oxidation number, averaged over all ions of manganese, cobalt and nickel, is at least 4-1.75a-1.75b, where 0
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for separating at least one first substance from a mixture containing said at least one first substance and at least one second substance. Said method consists of the following steps: (A) the mixture containing the at least one first substance and at least one second substance is brought into contact with at least one selective hydrophobing agent in the presence of a suspension agent such that an adduct is formed form at least one hydrophobing agent and the at least one first substance, and not from the at least one second substance; (B) the adduct from step (A) is brought into contact with at least one magnetic particle which is functionalised on the surface with at least one polymer compound having a transition temperature LCST (Lower Critical Solution Temperature), at a temperature at which the polymer compound has a hydrophobic character, such that the adduct from step (A) and the at least one functionalised magnetic particle agglomerates; (C) another suspending agent is optionally added to the mixture obtained in step (B); (D) the agglomerate present in the suspension in steps (B) or (C) is separated by applying a magnetic field; (E) the agglomerate separated in step (D) is divided by controlling a temperature at which the polymer compound has a hydrophilic character, in order to obtain at least one first substance.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for separating an at least one first substance from a mixture containing said first substance and at least a second substance, comprising the steps of: (A) bringing at least one magnetic particle and at least one bifunctional molecule, or an adduct of the two, into contact with the mixture containing the at least one first substance and at least a second substance so that an adduct is formed from the at least one magnetic particle, the bifunctional compound of the general formula (I) and the at least one first substance, (B) suspending the adduct obtained in step (A) in a suitable suspension agent, (C) separating the adduct present in the suspension of step (B) by applying a magnetic field, (D) optionally splitting the adduct separated in step (C) to obtain the at least one first substance, a corresponding adduct and the use of such an adduct for separating mixtures of substances.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of general formula (I) Li a-b M 1 b Q 1-c M 2 c P d-e M 3 e O x (l), wherein Q has the oxidation state +2 and M 1 , M 2 , M 3 , a, b, c, d, e and x are: Q: Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, M 1 : Na, K, Rb and/or Cs, M 2 : Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Co, Ni, Cr, V, Fe, Mn, wherein Q and M2 are different from each other, M 3 : Si, S, F a: 0.8 - 1.9, b: 0 - 0.3, c: 0 - 0.9, d: 0.8 - 1.9, e: 0 - 0.5, x: 1.0 - 8, depending on the amount and oxidation state of Li, M 1 , M 2 , P, M 3 , wherein compounds of general formula (I) are neutrally charged, comprising the following steps (A) providing a mixture comprising at least one lithium-comprising compound, at least one Q-comprising compound, in which Q has at least partially an oxidation state higher than +2, and at least one M 1 -comprising compound, if present, and/or at least one M 2 -comprising compound, if present, and/or least one M 3 -comprising compound, if present, and at least one reducing agent which is oxidized to at least one compound comprising at least one phosphorous atom in oxidation state +5, and (B) heating the mixture obtained in step (A) at a temperature of 100 to 500 °C and at an autogeneous pressure to reduce Q to oxidation state +2 and to obtain a compound of general formula (I).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for separating at least one hydrophobic agent from a mixture comprising said at least one hydrophobic agent and at least one hydrophilic agent, comprising the steps of: A) Producing a slurry or dispersion of the mixture to be treated in at least one suitable dispersion agent, B) bringing the slurry or dispersion of step (A) into contact with at least one solid, hydrophobic surface for attaching the at least one hydrophobic agent to be separated to the surface thereof, C) removing the at least one solid, hydrophobic surface, whereon the at least one hydrophobic agent from step (B) is bonded, from the slurry or dispersion, in which the at least one hydrophilic agent is present, and D) separating the at least one hydrophobic agent from the solid, hydrophobic surface. According to the invention, the method is used for separating (hydrophobic) sulfidic minerals, particularly copper sulfides, from mixtures having hydrophilic metal oxides (gang minerals). The solid surface can be, for example, a conveyor belt having a hydrophobic, structured surface.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing modified ZnO particles in which a zinc salt and a base are mixed in a polar solvent and the polar solvent is optionally removed after precipitation of a precipitation product, resulting in a residue, wherein the residue is absorbed in a non-polar solvent, surface active substances are added, other active substances are optionally added and then the modified ZnO particles are separated from other byproducts. The invention also relates to materials such as plastics, varnishes or paints containing modified ZnO particles. The invention also relates to a method for incorporating modified ZnO particles into materials, wherein the modified ZnO particles are incorporated into the materials in the form of dispersions or suspensions, and to the use of modified ZnO particles for protecting materials against the effects of light, heat, oxygen or radicals, as catalysts, for semiconducting layers or for cosmetic uses.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for the production of lithium-rich metal oxides and lithium-rich metal oxides obtainable using said method. The invention further relates to the use of lithium-rich metal oxides for the production of a cathode for a battery, particularly a lithium ion battery, and a cathode for a lithium ion battery containing lithium-rich metal oxides.