Abstract:
The disclosure relates to a spectrophotometer using a pulsed xenon flashtube as a light source (1). The energy to be applied to the light source (1) of the spectrophotometer is set to be from 0.03 joules to 1.0 joule. Therefore, the intensity of light emitted from the light source is not so intense which allows the spectrophotometer to measure a spectral reflectance under the presence of a natural light or equivalents. Further, the charging period of time required for the spectrophotometer to provide a desired light emission intensity is short, so that the light source (1) is capable of emitting many flashes per second, whereby the number of data acquired within a predetermined measuring period is increased. Thus, accurate data can be obtained.
Abstract:
A device for characterizing the formation of a sheet material is described. The device comprises a basis weight sensor for measuring the basis weight of the sheet material as the material moves through the sensor and signal processing circuitry which receives a signal from the basis weight sensor indicative of the measured basis weight. The basis weight sensor includes a light source for directing a beam of light at the moving sheet and a light detector which detects the beam after it passes through the sheet. This detector produces a signal indicative of the intensity of the detected beam and transmits the signal to the signal processing circuitry. To calibrate the signal processing circuitry, a rotatable opaque wheel having a plurality of slots is positioned in the path of the light beam. The rotating wheel alternately blocks the light beam and allows the beam to pass through the slots to the detector. By rotating the wheel at a predetermined speed, the signal produced by the light detector is modulated at a predetermined frequency dependent upon the rotational speed of the wheel and the number of slots in the wheel. After calibration, an electromagnet rotates and holds the wheel in a position wherein the light beam passes, unobstructed by the wheel, through one of the slots.
Abstract:
Ein Gerät uzr Abbildung eines Objektes auf einem elektroootischen Wandler zur Messung der Lichtdurchlässigkeit und/oder der Lichstreuung des Objektes weist eine Lichtquelle, einen ersten Strahlengang zur Beleuchtung des Objektes und einen zweiten Strahlengang zur Abbildung des Objektes auf dem elektrooptischen Wandler auf. Es ist weiterhin ein dritter, einen Referenzstrahlengang bildender Strahlengang vorgesehen, der einen Teil des Lichtes des ersten Strahlenganges auf den gleichen elektrooptischen Wandler leitet.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Gerät zur Bestimmung des diffusen Reflexionsvermögens einer Probenfläche kleiner Abmessungen, insbesondere des Testfeldes eines Teststreifens zur Bestimmung von Inhaltsstoffen einer Körperflüssigkeit mit einem Halbleiter-Lichtsender, insbesondere einer Leuchtdiode, zum Aussenden von sichtbarem oder infrarotem Licht auf die Probenfläche, einem Meßempfänger zum Empfangen des von der Probenfläche diffus reflektierten Lichts und Erzeugung eines diesem entsprechenden elektrischen Signals, einer eine elektronische Schaltung einschliesenden Auswertevorrichtung zur Umwandlung des Empfängersignals in einem dem diffusen Reflexionsvermögen entsprechenden Meßwert und einen das Licht des gleichen Senders benutzenden Referenzkanal zur Kalibration des Gerätes und zur Elimination von Meßfehlern, die durch Veränderungen des Senders oder anderer elektronischer Bauteile verursacht werden.
Abstract:
An optical transmittance apparatus has a pair of reference channels of glass rods and a pair of sam - ple channels containing sample fluid. A beam splitter and mirror pass a first portion of an incident beam through an ingoing reference channel, and a second portion through an ingoing sample channel. The first portion is reflected back through an outgoing refer - ence channel, and the second portion back through an outgoing sample channel. The beam splitter and mirror directs the outgoing beams into a common outlet path. A partial disk selectively passes either portion. For positioning the disk, poles of a magnet mounted on the disk axle face windings made about an axis perpendicular to the axle, the windings being on the opposite side of a barrier plate from the poles. Current of one polarity through the windings effects one orientation of the disk, and reversed olarity reorients it perpendicularly.
Abstract:
In the measurement of the optical transmittance of a sample, a beam which is split from a source of illumination is . directed through the sample and then redirected back through the sample. The redirected beam and a reference beam which is also split from the source of illumination are alternately applied to a photodetector. Both the sample beam and the reference beam pass through a monochromator prior to application to the photodetector. The output of the photodetector is processed by an electronic circuit and applied to a computer. Data representative of the two beams can be compared in order to provide an indication of the amount of light the sample transmits at certain optical wavelengths.