Abstract:
A phase shift amount measurement apparatus able to further correctly measure a phase shift amount of a phase shifter, wherein a laterally offset interference image of a phase shift mask is formed by a shearing interferometer, the interference image is captured by a two-dimensional imaging device, an output signal output from each light receiving element of the two-dimensional imaging device is supplied to a signal processing device, the phase shift amount is calculated for each light receiving element, the light receiving area of the light receiving element is very small, therefore the phase shift amount of any light receiving element outputting a peculiar phase amount due to incidence of diffraction light or multi-reflection light is excluded and the phase shift amount is determined based on the phase shift amount found from output signals of the remaining light receiving elements.
Abstract:
A laser system includes a laser diode that oscillates in a multi-mode and has characteristics in which its oscillation wavelength varies with temperature, a grating that receives a light beam emitted from the laser diode and returns a diffracted beam to the laser diode, a mechanism that changes the wavelength of the diffracted beam returned to the laser diode, a wavelength detector that detects the wavelength of an output beam which is the same as that of the diffracted beam returned to the laser diode, a temperature regulator that maintains the laser diode at a predetermined temperature, and a control unit that controls the mechanism so that the output beam having a predetermined wavelength is output and controls the temperature regulator so that the laser diode oscillates at the predetermined wavelength.
Abstract:
An interferometer system is disclosed which is configured to combine measurement light with reference light to form an optical interference pattern, where the interferometer system includes a modulator configured to repetitively introduce a sequence of phase shifts between the measurement and reference light; and a camera system positioned to measure the optical interference pattern, where the camera system is configured to separately accumulate time-integrated images of the optical interference pattern corresponding to the different phase shifts in the sequence during the repetitions of the sequence.
Abstract:
Interferometry apparatus which comprises a measurement light beam (2a, 2b) and a reference light beam (2c, 2d) which interact with each other to cause a spatial fringe pattern (24). An optical device (12) is provided which interacts with the spatial fringe pattern (24), such that light is spatially separated into different directions (30, 32, 34, 36). The intensity modulation in two or more directions of the spatially separated light is phase shifted. The optical device may comprise, for example, a diffractive device, a refractive device or a diffractive optical element.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for correcting an input beam that uses an array of detectors sensing a scanning fringe pattern to generate phase error information which can be corrected by a physically adjacent beam correction device such as an array of micro-electrical-mechanical-system (MEMS) mirrors.
Abstract:
A method of measuring the phase shift between two regions of a phase shift mask. A workpiece is provided including a first pair of slits each having a substantially similar phase shift characteristic and a second pair of slits each having a different phase shift characteristic. Electromagnetic radiation is directed through the first pair of slits and the second pair of slits on the workpiece. A relative shift is measured between interference patterns caused by the first pair of slits and the second pair of slits.
Abstract:
A parallel light ray measuring apparatus invention measures the parallelism of a light beam by: receiving a light beam which has passed through two gratings having the same grating period by means of at least two photoelectric converting elements, and by detecting the light intensity obtained from those aforementioned photoelectric converting elements and the phase difference between the periodic signals obtained when either of the gratings is moved, using the at least photoelectric converting elements. Further, the parallel light ray measuring apparatus includes: a first grating; a second grating having the same grating period as that of the first grating, and being disposed such that the grating lines of the second grating are in parallel with those of the first grating; a light pick-up screen for receiving a light beam which has passed through both gratings, whereby the light intensity distribution appearing on the light pick-up screen is detected so as to measure the parallelism of the light beam.
Abstract:
A method for measuring an optical length of light path based on use of multiple-beam interference of light and carried into effect by forming an original light beam with two collinear components having mutually independent polarizations and different frequencies in such a manner that when forming each of the following interfering light beams from the preceding one, polarizations of the light components having different frequencies are mutually converted, whereupon the interfered light is converted into an electric signal and its phase is measured, by which the light path optical length is determined. A laser interferometer carrying said method into effect comprises: a laser and arranged consecutively along the direction of run of the light beam: a device for offsetting the frequency of one of the light components, reflecting elements, a polarizing element for separating the light of the interfering beams according to polarization, and a photoelectric converter of the interfered light into an electric signal, as well as a unit for measuring the phase of an electric signal, connected to the photoelectric converter and also a birefringent plate located between the reflecting elements and adapted for mutual conversion of polarizations of the two light components.