公开(公告)号：US5737076A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-07

申请号：US473743

申请日：1995-06-07

Applicant: Ulrich Walter Glaus ,  Martin Labhart ,  Heinz Wagner

Inventor： Ulrich Walter Glaus ,  Martin Labhart ,  Heinz Wagner

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/61 ,  G02B7/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01J2003/1278 ,  G01J2003/1291 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J3/1256

Abstract: The invention relates to a procedure for determining an identification of a sample of material, or its properties. Electromagnetic radiation from a radiation source (1) is reflected or transmitted through the sample. The radiation from the sample is collected and analyzed over several channels (7, 7', 7"), which modulate the radiation with a spectral transmission function which is unique for each channel. The modulated radiation is transmitted to one or several detectors (9, 9', 9") which produce output signals which are further electronically processed. The spectral range of each of the individual channels is common to all of the channels. Within the common range the channels are provided with different spectral transmission functions (7, 7',7") which are optimally chosen for a given application.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于确定材料样品或其性质的鉴定的程序。 来自辐射源（1）的电磁辐射被反射或透过样品。 来自样品的辐射在几个通道（7,7'，7“）上进行收集和分析，该通道利用每个通道唯一的光谱传输函数调制辐射。 调制的辐射被传输到一个或多个检测器（9,9'，9“），这些检测器产生进一步电子处理的输出信号。 每个通道的光谱范围对于所有通道是共同的。 在通用范围内，通道被提供有不同的光谱传输功能（7,7'，7“），这些功能对于给定的应用是最佳选择的。

公开(公告)号：US5157458A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-20

申请号：US598697

申请日：1990-11-02

Applicant: Heinz Wagner ,  Martin Labhart ,  Ulrich Glaus

Inventor： Heinz Wagner ,  Martin Labhart ,  Ulrich Glaus

IPC: G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/447 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01J9/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/447 ,  G01J3/4537 ,  G01B2290/70 ,  G01J2009/0261

Abstract: The polarization interferometer comprises a source of light (1), a collimator (2), a first polarizing means (3), a double-refractive means (4,5,6) and a second polarizing means (7) which polarizes the light emerging from the double-refractive means (4,5,6) and directs it to a photon detector (8). The double-refractive means (4,5,6) consists of two optical wedges (5,6) displaceable along those lateral surfaces which face each other, said wedges complementing each other to a right parallelepiped, and of a double-refractive, plane-parallel plate (4) serving as a compensator. The optical axis of the compensator (4) is twisted in a plane perpendicular to the light beam by a finite angle relative to that of the two wedges (5,6), the optical axes of the two wedges (5,6) coinciding with each other. The optical axes of the two polarizing means (3,7) are arranged perpendicularly or parallely to each other and are aligned non-parallely to the axes of the two wedges (5,6) of the double-refractive means (4,5,6).

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / CH90 / 00008 Sec。 371日期1990年11月2日 102（e）1990年11月2日日期PCT 1990年1月15日提交PCT公布。 WO90 / 10191 PCT出版物 日期：1990年9月7日。偏振干涉仪包括光源（1），准直器（2），第一偏振装置（3），双折射装置（4,5,6）和第二偏振装置 （7），其使从双折射装置（4,5,6）出射的光偏振并将其引导到光子检测器（8）。 双折射装置（4,5,6）由两个光楔（5,6）组成，两个光楔（5,6）可沿着彼此面对的侧表面移位，所述楔彼此互补成直角的平行六面体，双折射平面 - 平行板（4）作为补偿器。 补偿器（4）的光轴在垂直于光束的平面中相对于两个楔形物（5,6）的角度被扭转有限的角度，两个楔形物（5,6）的光轴与 彼此。 两个偏振装置（3,7）的光轴彼此垂直或平行布置，并且与双折射装置（4,5，...）的两个楔形物（5,6）的轴线非平行地排列， 6）。

公开(公告)号：US4647786A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-03

申请号：US606827

申请日：1984-04-16

Applicant: Hannes Guttinger ,  Martin Labhart

Inventor： Hannes Guttinger ,  Martin Labhart

IPC: G01N21/53 ,  G01N21/59 ,  G08B20060101 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/107 ,  G08B29/00 ,  G08B29/18 ,  G01N21/85

CPC classification number: G08B29/185 ,  G08B17/107 ,  G08B29/22 ,  G08B17/113

Abstract: In a photoelectric smoke detector, a radiation source is driven intermittently by a control circuit and the radiation influenced by smoke particles, for instance scattered radiation, is picked up by a radiation receiver. The signal of the radiation receiver is transmitted to a signal processing circuit which is transmitted to a signal processing circuit which is simultaneously regulated by the control circuit. The signal processing circuit comprises a phase sensitive circuit which reverses or inverts the received signal according to the phase of the signal of the control circuit and transmits the thus modified signal to an integrating circuit. The integrating circuit controls a display circuit by means of its integrated output signal. The display circuit can, for instance, output an alarm signal when the integrated signal, i.e. the smoke intensity, exceeds a prescribed threshold value or can display the smoke intensity. In this manner, even weak smoke signals can be surely and reliably detected even when they are fully masked by noise. Such a smoke detector can be advantageously employed as an especially sensitive and interference-resistant fire alarm.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / CH83 / 00112 Sec。 371日期1984年4月16日 102（e）日期1984年4月16日PCT提交1983年10月10日PCT公布。 公开号WO84 / 02790 日期1984年7月19日。在光电烟雾探测器中，辐射源由控制电路间歇地驱动，并且由烟雾粒子（例如散射辐射）影响的辐射由辐射接收器拾取。 辐射接收器的信号被传送到信号处理电路，该信号处理电路被发送到由控制电路同时调节的信号处理电路。 信号处理电路包括根据控制电路的信号的相位反转或反转接收信号的相位敏感电路，并将这样修改的信号发送到积分电路。 积分电路通过其集成输出信号控制显示电路。 例如，当积分信号（即烟雾强度）超过规定的阈值或显示烟雾强度时，显示电路可以输出报警信号。 以这种方式，甚至即使在完全被噪声掩蔽的情况下也能可靠且可靠地检测到弱烟信号。 这种烟雾探测器可以有利地用作特别敏感和抗干扰的火灾报警器。

公开(公告)号：US4559453A

公开(公告)日：1985-12-17

申请号：US491707

申请日：1983-05-05

Applicant: Jurg Muggli ,  Martin Labhart

Inventor： Jurg Muggli ,  Martin Labhart

IPC: G01N21/59 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G08B29/04 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G08B17/103 ,  G08B29/043

Abstract: In a line extinction detector using a pulse-operated radiation source, a radiation receiver is connected to an input amplifier of an evaluation circuit. The output pulses generated by the input amplifier are compared to a reference voltage. Circuit elements having a time constant above one minute are provided to adjust either one of the voltage of the output pulses or the reference voltage such that their difference practically becomes zero. The output pulses of the input amplifier are further compared to an alarm threshold derived from the reference voltage and an alarm is triggered when the output signal falls below the alarm threshold value. The output pulses of the input amplifier are also compared to a disturbance threshold value and a disturbance signal is generated when the output signal drops below the disturbance threshold value. A further disturbance signal value is also triggered at preset limits for the compensating adjustment between the output signal of the input amplifier and the reference voltage. A device permits to change the ratio of the alarm threshold value and the reference voltage in order to adapt the sensitivity of the smoke detector to different distances between the radiation source and the radiation receiver.

Abstract translation: 在使用脉冲操作的辐射源的线路消光检测器中，辐射接收器连接到评估电路的输入放大器。 由输入放大器产生的输出脉冲与参考电压进行比较。 提供时间常数大于1分钟的电路元件，以调节输出脉冲的电压或参考电压中的任一个，使得其差值实际上变为零。 输入放大器的输出脉冲进一步与从参考电压导出的报警阈值进行比较，当输出信号低于报警阈值时触发报警。 输入放大器的输出脉冲也与干扰阈值进行比较，当输出信号下降到干扰阈值以下时，产生干扰信号。 输入放大器的输出信号与参考电压之间的补偿调整的预设限制也会触发进一步的干扰信号值。 设备允许改变报警阈值和参考电压的比率，以便将烟雾探测器的灵敏度适应于辐射源和辐射接收器之间的不同距离。

公开(公告)号：US4547675A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-15

申请号：US328403

申请日：1981-12-07

Applicant: Jurg Muggli ,  Martin Labhart

Inventor： Jurg Muggli ,  Martin Labhart

IPC: G01N21/59 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/103 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G08B17/103 ,  G08B29/24

Abstract: A smoke detector contains two radiation transmitters and two radiation receivers. Each of the radiation transmitters emits in a different spectral region, for instance, one emits above and the other one below 600 nm. One part of the radiation of both radiation transmitters is conducted via a measuring path, which is accessible to smoke, to one of the receivers constituting a measuring radiation receiver, and another part of such radiation is conducted via a comparison path, which is not accessible to smoke, to the other of the receivers constituting a comparison radiation receiver. Connected to both radiation receivers is an evaluation circuit which forms from the measuring radiation intensities prevailing in the two spectral regions and from the comparison radiation intensities prevailing in the same spectral regions a function of the type: ##EQU1## By suitably adjusting or selecting the components of the evaluation circuit, the coefficients a and b are selected such that in the absence of smoke in the measuring path, A becomes zero and in the presence of smoke such is proportional to the smoke density.

Abstract translation: 烟雾探测器包含两个辐射发射器和两个辐射接收器。 每个辐射发射器在不同的光谱区域发射，例如，一个发射在600nm以下，另一个在600nm以下。 两个辐射发射器的辐射的一部分通过可吸烟的测量路径被传送到构成测量辐射接收器的接收器中的一个，并且这种辐射的另一部分经由不可接近的比较路径 吸收构成比较辐射接收器的另一个接收器。 连接到两个辐射接收器的是评估电路，其由两个光谱区域中存在的测量辐射强度和从相同光谱区域中的比较辐射强度形成的类型的函数形成：通过适当地调整或选择部件 选择系数a和b，使得在测量路径中没有烟雾时，A变为零，并且在存在烟雾的情况下与烟雾密度成正比。