Abstract:
PURPOSE:To measure the concentration of underground radon, by performing a measurement of alpha ray of underground air from an underground gas hole and a background measurement with the introduction of fresh air to remove the background varying by effect of a radon daughter nuclide or the like. CONSTITUTION:A measuring device 100 comprising a detector 14 and a scalar 18, a passage tube for passing underground air from a pump 16 and an underground gas hole 10 and, moreover, a control circuit 20 for automatically controlling an air passage mechanism are arranged and a passage tube is disposed from a fresh air intake port 22 to the detector 14. Measurement comprises cleaning of the inside of the detector passage tube by a fresh circulation, measurement of a back ground, a constant reduction in pressure within the detector passage tube, a constant amount suction of the underground air and measurement of the concentration of radon. In the measurement of the background, all valves A, B and C are closed to remove a radon daughter nuclide thereby enabling the obtaining of a stable measured value.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To detect the intensity of radiation emitted from a sample surface with high accuracy by detecting radiation contamination on the sample surface under a vacuum. CONSTITUTION:Plural photomultiplier tubes 18 are arranged on the wall surface of a vacuum container 21, a sample mount base 22 is provided in the container 21, and a sample 10 is placed on the base 22. Then, a scintillator plate 16 is arranged between the sample 10 and photomultiplier tubes 18. The container 21 is further provided with a discharge tube 23 and a vacuum pump 24 is driven to evacuate the container 21 to a vacuum. Thus, the vacuum is produced in the container 21 to increase the range of the radiation from the sample 10 and therefore detect the quantity of radiation from a recessed part of the sample 10 with high accuracy.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To enable the measurement of dust concn. over a wide range with high accuracy irrespectively of the change in the dust concn. by measuring the pressure drop of the filtered and captured dust with a pressure sensor, exchanging a filter when the pressure drop of the dust exceeds a prescribed value and measuring the concn. of the dust always at a specified flow rate. CONSTITUTION:The drop P0 by the suction of a suction pump 10 is measured with a pressure gauge 16, and the filter loss P2 consisting of the total value of the drop P0 by the suction of the pump 10 and the pressure drop P1 of a constant flow rate device 12 is measured with a pressure sensor 18. A control section 20 to which the filter loss signal from the sensor 18 is inputted stops the pump 10 and exchanges a filter 14 when the filter loss P2 attains the prescribed value, that is, the limit value at which a set flow rate Q0m /min, can be maintained by the device 12. The pump 10 is driven again after the exchange and the suction of the dust in the atm. air is started.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To make it very easy to manufacture a thin window, by forming a window material in a thin membrane at a surface of a protective plate, and then processing the protective plate into a specific form of a protective frame through the etching process. CONSTITUTION:At first, a window material is pasted or vacuum evaporated on a protective plate 20 to form a thin membrane 22. Then, a photoresist layer 24 is spread and formed at the other side of the protective plate 20. After that, a masking plate 26 with cuttings responding to the radioactive beam permeable holes of the thin membrane protective frame is arranged opposite to the layer 24, and the light is radiated over the masking plate 26. When it is washed in such a condition, only exposed portions of the layer 24 remain as solid membranes 24a and the unexposed portions are removed, to expose the protective plate 20. Then, by processing the protective plate 20 in an acid solution, only the portions of the protective plate 20 covered by the solid membranes 24a remain, and the exposed portions are solved and removed. As a result, the remaining portions 20a of the protective plate 20 make the protective frame of the thin membrane 22. Thus, a thin window 30 incorporating the protective frame and the thin membranes can be easily manufactured.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To enable measurement of pollution accurately and quickly in the environmental atmosphere, by performing additional measurement during the collection of dust and before the blank measurement within one cycle of measuring time after the end of the measurement of a filter paper following the dust collection. CONSTITUTION:A trapping section 10 is provided with an air supply pipe 12 in such a manner as to communicate therewith. A rollable filter paper 14 is introduced 16 into the trapping section 10 to trap 14 floating dust contained in air passing through the trapping section 10 and it 14 is sent with a winding reel 18 to a specified position to measure the filter paper 14. Furthermore, the measurement of transmission beta dose through the filter paper 14 is made by a detector section 20 comprising a beta ray source and a detector for measuring beta rays. Transmission beta dose only through the filter paper 14 as measured at a blank position B is inputted into a memory 24 through a controller 22. Transmission beta dose after the collection of dust as measured at a major measuring position M is inputted into a density computing circuit 26 through the controller 22 to calculate the ratio with a blank measured value outputted from the memory 24 and the density of floating dust is computed and recorded 28. In this manner, the pollution in the atmosphere can be measured quickly.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: To measure a wide range exposure rate by a single apparatus, by automatically selecting the measurement using the pulse signal proportional to the exposure rate of incident γ-rays from a detector at the time of a low dose rate and the measurement using the current signal of a current measuring system at the time of a high dose rate. CONSTITUTION: In the measurement of a region low in an exposure rate, the pulse signal from a detector 1 is converted to a peak pulse signal by a preamplifier 2. The signal of a linear amplifier 3 receives the compensation of energy by a peak discriminator bias modulation circuit 4 to be converted to a pulse line signal. In the measurement of a region high in an radiation dose rate, the signal from the detector 1 is converted in its frequency by a V/F converter 5to be converted to a pulse line signal. The exposure rate is compared with the level from a level change-over part 6 by a comparator 12. At the time of the high exposure rate, a level change-over signal is outputted to an operation part 7. The operation part 7 calculates a radiation dose rate from the obtained count ratio, preset calibration constant and correction coefficient. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio