Abstract:
A method for unloading a substrate from a support table configured to support the substrate, the method comprising: supplying gas to a gap between a base surface of the support table and the substrate via a plurality of gas flow openings in the support table, wherein during an initial phase of unloading the gas is supplied through at least one gas flow opening in an outer region of the support table and not through any gas flow opening in a central region of the support table radially inward of the outer region, and during a subsequent phase of unloading the gas is supplied through at least one gas flow opening in the outer region and at least one gas flow opening in the central region.
Abstract:
A substrate support (1), includes: a substrate support location (4) configured to support a substrate (W), and a vacuum clamping device (7) configured to clamp the substrate on the substrate support location, wherein the vacuum clamping device includes at least one reduced pressure source (8) to create a reduced pressure, at least one vacuum section (9) connected to the at least one reduced pressure source, wherein the at least one vacuum section is configured to attract the substrate towards the substrate support location, and a control device (16) configured to control a spatial pressure profile along the at least one vacuum section with which the substrate is attracted by the vacuum clamping device, wherein the control device includes a substrate shape data input (16a) to receive substrate shape data representing shape data of the substrate to be clamped, and wherein the control device is configured to adapt the spatial pressure profile in dependency of the substrate shape data.
Abstract:
A support apparatus (60) configured to support an object (W), the support apparatus comprising a support body (100) comprising an object holder (61) to hold an object; an opening (66) in the support body adjacent to an edge of the object holder; a channel (68) in fluid communication with the opening via each of a plurality of passageways (67) in the support body; and a passageway liner (70) mounted in at least one of the plurality of passageways, the passageway liner being thermally insulating substantially to thermally decouple the support body from fluid in the at least one of the plurality of passageways.
Abstract:
A support table (WT) for a lithographic apparatus, the support table is configured to support a lower surface of a substrate (W). The support table comprises: a base surface (22) configured to be substantially parallel to the lower surface of the substrate supported on the support table, a plurality of burls (20) protruding above the base surface, each of the plurality of burls having a respective distal end and a first height above the base surface, the plurality of burls arranged such that, when the substrate is supported by the support table, the substrate is supported by the respective distal end of each of the plurality of the burls, and a plurality of elongate raised protrusions (45) protruding above the base surface, each of the elongate raised protrusions having a second height above the base surface, wherein the second height is less than the first height. The base surface comprises a plurality of regions within each of which some of the elongate raised protrusions are located. All of the elongate raised protrusions located within each region have substantially the same direction of elongation such that they are substantially parallel to each other so as to form between the elongate raised protrusions at least one gas flow path substantially parallel to the elongate raised protrusions.
Abstract:
A substrate table (WT) supports a substrate holder (WH) to which a substrate (W) is clamped for exposure. The substrate table (WT) has a plurality of e-pins (30) spaced apart from and distributed around the center of the substrate holder for receiving and lowering a substrate onto the substrate holder prior to exposure and raising a substrate off the substrate holder after exposure. Tip portions of the e-pins (30) and the corresponding apertures (24) in the substrate holder (WH) have a shape in plan including at least one re-entrant, e.g. a cross shape.
Abstract:
The disclosure provides a clamp comprising a dielectric member; a conductive element disposed on the dielectric member and comprised of a first conductive material; and a number of burls arranged on the conductive element for supporting the object, each burl comprising a second conductive material, wherein the clamp comprises a stack of alternating layers of etch resistant material and a third conductive material arranged between the conductive element and the number of burls.
Abstract:
There is disclosed a substrate holder, a method of manufacturing a substrate holder, a lithographic apparatus comprising the substrate holder, and a method of manufacturing devices using the lithographic apparatus. In one arrangement, there is provided a substrate holder for use in a lithographic apparatus. The substrate holder supports a substrate. The substrate holder comprises a main body. The main body has a main body surface. A plurality of burls are provided projecting from the main body surface. Each burl has a burl side surface and a distal end surface. The distal end surface of each burl engages with the substrate. The distal end surfaces of the burls substantially conform to a support plane and support the substrate. A layer of carbon based material is provided in a plurality of separated regions of carbon based material. The layer of carbon based material provides a surface with a lower coefficient of friction than a part of the main body surface outside the plurality of separated regions of carbon based material. The layer of carbon based material covers only part of the distal end surface of at least one of the burls. Alternatively, the layer of carbon based material covers the distal end surface and at least a portion of the burl side surface of at least one of the burls.
Abstract:
A lithographic apparatus comprises a support table and a gas extraction system. The gas extraction system is configured to extract gas from a gap between the base surface of the support table and a substrate through at least one gas extraction opening when the substrate is being lowered onto the support table. The lithographic apparatus is configured such that gas is extracted from the gap at a first loading flow rate when the distance between the substrate and the support plane is greater than a threshold distance and gas is extracted from the gap at a second loading flow rate when the distance between the substrate and the support plane is less than the threshold distance, wherein the second loading flow rate is lower than the first loading flow rate.
Abstract:
A substrate restraining system comprising: a substrate table and a plurality of circumferentially arranged restrainers each comprising a spring, wherein the spring has a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end of the spring is radially displacable, and wherein a base of the proximal end of the spring is fixed to the substrate table at a fixing location.
Abstract:
A method of clamping a substrate (W) to a clamping system, the method comprising the steps of: providing a substrate holder (200) comprising; a main body (210) having a first main body surface (212) and a second main body surface (214), wherein the first main body surface and second main body surface are on opposite sides of the main body; and a plurality of first burls (220a, 220b) projecting from the first main body surface, wherein each first burl has a distal end surface configured to support the substrate; providing a support surface (300) for supporting the substrate holder; providing a plurality of second burls (240) for supporting the substrate holder on the support surface through contact with distal end surfaces of the plurality of second burls: generating a first force to attract the substrate holder to the support surface; placing the substrate on the substrate holder such that it contacts the plurality of first burls; generating a second force to attract the substrate to the substrate holder; and controlling at least one of the first force and the second force in a release step to deform the main body between the second burls such as to create a gap (225, 226) between the distal end surfaces of a first subset of the plurality of first burls and the substrate and such that the substrate is supported on distal end surfaces of a second subset of the plurality of first burls.