Abstract:
The present invention provides a device for providing substantially laminar fluid flow in a lithographic apparatus. The device comprises an opening and a channel through which fluid flows to or from the opening, the channel defined within an enclosure formed by at least a first wall and a second wall. The device also comprises a flow laminating portion in the channel configured to provide the substantially laminar fluid flow through the opening. The flow laminating portion may comprise a plurality of pillars, and/or a plurality of sub-channels, and/or a porous layer across the channel.
Abstract:
A lithographic apparatus, a projection system for use with an immersion lithographic apparatus, a last lens element for a projection system, a liquid control member, and a device manufacturing method are disclosed. In one arrangement, a lithographic apparatus comprises a projection system PS) configured to project a patterned radiation beam (B) through the projection system onto a target portion of a substrate (W). A liquid confinement structure (12) confines an immersion liquid in a space (10) between the projection system and the substrate. The projection system comprising: an exit surface (104) through which to project the patterned radiation beam; and a further surface (110) facing the liquid confinement structure. The further surface has a first static receding contact angle with respect to the immersion liquid. The exit surface has a second static receding contact angle with respect to the immersion liquid. The first static receding contact angle is: greater than the second static receding contact angle; and less than 65 degrees.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a fluid handling system for a lithographic apparatus, wherein the fluid handling system is configured to confine immersion liquid to a liquid confinement space between a part of a projection system and a surface of a substrate in the lithographic apparatus whereby a radiation beam projected from the projection system can irradiate the surface of the substrate by passing through the immersion liquid, the fluid handling system comprising: a damper arranged between a first extraction member and a second extraction member both configured to extract fluid; wherein the damper is configured to support a meniscus of the immersion liquid between a surface of the damper and the surface of the substrate.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a lithographic immersion apparatus comprising a fluid handling structure and a device manufacturing method. In an embodiment, the fluid handling structure is configured to confine immersion fluid to a region and comprises a gas knife system, the gas knife system comprising passages each having an exit, the passages comprising a plurality first passages having a plurality of corresponding first exits, and a plurality of second passages having a plurality of corresponding second exits, wherein at least one first passage and at least one second passage are configured such that the stagnation pressure of gas exiting the first exit is greater than the stagnation pressure of gas exiting the second exit, wherein the plurality of first passages and the plurality of second passages are intermingled and arranged in a line such that the first exits and the second exits form a side of a shape in plan view. In an embodiment, the fluid handling structure is configured to confine immersion fluid to a region and comprising a gas knife in use, the fluid handling structure comprising at least one exit, wherein the at least one exit is arranged so that the gas knife forms a side of a shape in plan view, and the at least one exit has a geometry configured to allow movement of a droplet of immersion fluid from a position radially outward of the gas knife to a position radially inward of the gas knife and configured to restrict movement of a droplet of immersion fluid from a position radially inward of the gas knife to a position radially outward of the gas knife.
Abstract:
A fluid handling structure for a lithographic apparatus configured to contain immersion fluid to a region, the fluid handling structure having, at a boundary of a space: at least one gas knife opening in a radially outward direction of the space; and at least one gas supply opening in the radially outward direction of the at least gas knife opening relative to the space. The gas knife opening and the gas supply opening both provide substantially pure CO 2 gas so as to provide a substantially pure CO 2 gas environment adjacent to, and radially outward of, the space.
Abstract:
An immersion lithographic apparatus comprising: a projection system for projecting a patterned radiation beam through an optically active part of a final lens element of the projection system towards a substrate supported by a substrate table, the final lens element having an exposed bottom surface; a liquid confinement structure configured to supply and confine immersion liquid to an immersion space between the final lens element of the projection system and a surface formed of at least one of the substrate and substrate table; and a passageway-former between the projection system and the liquid confinement structure, and a passageway between the passageway-former and the optically active part of the final lens element, the passageway being in liquid communication via an opening with the immersion space and extending radially outwardly with respect to an optical axis of the projection system at least to an edge of the exposed bottom surface of the final lens element and being constructed and configured such that in use it is filled with liquid from the immersion space by capillary action.
Abstract:
A lithographic apparatus comprising a projection system for projecting a patterned radiation beam onto a substrate and a fluid confinement structure configured to confine immersion fluid in a localized region between a final element of the projection system and a surface of the substrate. The lithographic apparatus is configured to have a space bounded on one side by a surface of at least one of the projection system and a component of the lithographic apparatus at least partially surrounding the final element of the projection system and on the other side by a surface of the fluid confinement structure. The apparatus is configured to maximize the humidity of the gas within the space.
Abstract:
A lithographic apparatus comprises a substrate table, post-exposure handling module, a substrate handling robot and a drying station. The substrate table is configured to support a substrate for an exposure process. The post-exposure handling module is for handling the substrate post-exposure. The substrate handling robot is configured to transfer the substrate from the substrate table along a substrate unloading path into the post-exposure handling module. The drying station is configured to actively remove liquid from a surface of the substrate. The drying station is located in the substrate unloading path. The drying station is located in the post-exposure handling module. The post-exposure handling module may be a wafer handler.
Abstract:
A lithographic apparatus has a substrate holder configured to hold a substrate and a projection system configured to project a radiation beam onto the substrate held by the substrate holder. There is also a fluid handling system configured to confine immersion liquid to a space between a part of the projection system and a surface of the substrate whereby the radiation beam can irradiate the surface of the substrate by passing through the immersion liquid. An excitation device is provided to generate surface acoustic waves in the substrate and propagating toward the immersion liquid.
Abstract:
A method of performance testing working parameters of a fluid handing structure (12) in an immersion lithographic apparatus, the method comprising: placing a test substrate (TW) comprising an upper surface with a first portion (300) with a resist defining the upper surface and a second portion (310) with a material different from the resist defining the rest of the upper surface on a table in the immersion lithographic apparatus, confining liquid on a region of an upper surface of the table and/or the upper surface of the test substrate by operating the fluid handing structure using the associated working parameters, moving the table such that the region moves from the second portion to the first portion; detecting change to and/or residue on the first portion as a result of liquid being left behind on the first portion during the moving.