Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve efficiency of conversion of electrical energy to radiation. SOLUTION: To improve conversion efficiency of a radiation source including an anode and a cathode, the anode and the cathode being configured and arranged to create a discharge in a substance in a space between the anode and cathode and to form plasma so as to generate electromagnetic radiation, the radiation source unit is constructed to have a low inductance and to operate with a minimum of plasma. To improve heat dissipation, a fluid circulation system is created within the radiation source space and a wick by using a fluid in both its vapor and liquid phases. To prevent contamination from entering a lithographic projection apparatus, the radiation source unit is constructed to minimize the production of contamination, and a trap is employed to capture the contamination without interfering with the emitted radiation. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radiation source that improves the conversion efficiency of electric energy into radiation. SOLUTION: A radiation source unit comprises an anode and a cathode that are configured and arranged to create discharge in a substance in a space between the anode and the cathode to form plasma so as to generate electromagnetic radiation. The liquid may comprises xenon, indium, lithium, tin, or an arbitrary suitable material. In order to improve the conversion efficiency, the radiation source unit is constructed to have low inductance and operated with the minimum of plasma. In order to improve heat dissipation, a liquid circulation system is created in the radiation source space and a wick by using a fluid in both vapor and liquid phases. In order to prevent contamination from entering a lithographic projection apparatus, the radiation source unit is constructed to minimize the generation of contamination, and a trap is employed to capture the contamination without interfering with the emitted radiation. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
Abstract:
A device for generating radiation based on a discharge includes a cathode (33k) and an anode (33a). The cathode and anode material are supplied in fluid state. The material forms a plasma pinch when the device is in use. Optionally, nozzles (31) may be used to supply the material. The cathode and/or anode may form a flat surface. The trajectories (33) of the material may be elongated. A laser (37) may be used to cause the discharge more easily. The laser may be directed on the anode or cathode or on a separate material located in between the anode and cathode.
Abstract:
A radiation source unit is provided that includes an anode and a cathode that are configured and arranged to create a discharge in a substance in a space between said anode and cathode and to form a plasma so as to generate electromagnetic radiation. The substance may comprise xenon, indium, lithium, tin or any suitable material. To improve conversion efficiency, the source unit may be constructed to have a low inductance, and operated with a minimum of plasma. To, for example, improve heat dissipation, a fluid circulation system can be created within the source volume and a wick by using a fluid in both its vapor and liquid states. To, for example, prevent contamination from entering a lithographic projection apparatus, the source unit can be constructed to minimize the production of contamination, and a trap can be employed to capture the contamination without interfering with the emitted radiation.