Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing an alkene by partially hydrogenating a 10-30C alkyne. SOLUTION: A palladium compound or, if needed, other metal ion is applied to a heat treated and cooled support material by impregnating a solution containing a palladium salt or, if needed, other metal ion and subsequent drying and 10-2,000 ppm of carbon monoxide (CO) is added or a corresponding amount of CO is generated by a slight decomposition of a compound capable of releasing CO under the reaction condition and added to the reaction mixture.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of sorbit by catalytic hydrogenation of a monosaccharide forming sorbit during said hydrogenation in a liquid phase, characterized in that the catalyst is obtained by 1) single or multiple treatment of an amorphous silicon dioxide based carrier material with a halogen-free aqueous solution of a low-molecular ruthenium compound and subsequent drying of the treated carrier material at a temperature of less than 200° C, ii) reduction of the solid obtained in I) with hydrogen at a temperature ranging from 100 to 350° C, wherein step ii) is carried out directly after step i).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a column for separating mixtures containing at least three substances. Said column comprises an outer enclosure which delimits the inner area of the column, at least one column lid (5) and several subchambers (3, 4) which extend over a section of the longitudinal extension of the column and open into the inner area of the column at one end. One subchamber is configured in the form of a feed chamber (3) to which the mixture to be separated is delivered. The column also comprises at least one recombination chamber (8) which adjoins the opening of at least two subchambers (3, 4) leading into the inner area of the column. The mixture to be separated is delivered to the feed chamber at a point that is set apart from the open of said feed chamber (3), in such a way that the feed chamber forms a concentrating column (3a) in the section adjoining the delivery point on one side and forms a column stripper in the section (3b) adjoining the delivery point on the other side. As a result, complex mixtures can be separated into pure fractions and the invention is simpler than series-connected columns in terms of equipment and energy.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for oxidizing o-xylol with oxygen, preferably mixed with an inert gas, especially air, while adding a catalyst, in order to produce a mixture of oxidation products of the o-xylol. The selectivity of the reaction can be increased by adding an aldehyde to the o-xylol.
Abstract:
The invention relates to novel ruthenium catalysts which can be obtained by: 1) single or multiple treatment of an amorphous silicon dioxide based carrier material with a halogen-free aqueous solution of a low-molecular ruthenium compound and subsequent drying of the treated carrier material at a temperature of less than 200 DEG C, ii) reduction of the solid obtained in I) with hydrogen at a temperature ranging from 100 to 350 DEG C, wherein step ii) is carried out directly after step i). The invention also relates to a method for the production and use thereof in catalytic hydrogenation of monosaccharides and disaccharides for the production of sugar alcohols with the exception of sorbit.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing phthalic acid anhydride by means of heterogeneously catalysed gas phase oxidation, in a reactor comprising an element for guiding a reaction mixture in at one reactor end and an element for guiding the product mixture out at the opposite reactor end. The reactor also comprises devices for carrying off the reaction heat, through which heat exchanger agents flow and which are configured as heat exchanger plates, these devices being located in the inner chamber of the reactor.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing phthalic acid anhydride. In a first step, o-xylol is partially oxidized with oxygen in a reactor in the liquid phase and in the presence of an added catalyst, said oxygen being optionally mixed with an inert gas. A fraction containing unreacted xylol is distilled off from the partially oxidized mixture and returned to the first step. In a second step, the partially oxidized mixture enriched with xylol is oxidized in the gas phase to produce phthalic acid anhydride. According to the invention, toluol is separated from the fraction containing the unreacted xylol that was distilled off, preferably in the form of an azeotrope with water. By separating off the toluol, it is possible to prevent the formation of hot spots in the second step of the reaction, which improves the selectivity of the reaction overall.
Abstract:
Providing a ruthenium catalyst for the production of sugar alcohols. Ruthenium catalysts (I) are prepared by: (A) a single or multiple treatment of an amorphous silicon dioxide support material with a halogen free solution of a low mol. wt. ruthenium compound followed by drying at below 200 [deg]C; (B) reduction of the resulting solid with hydrogen at 100-350 [deg]C such that step (B) is carried out immediately after step (A). An independent claim is included for a process for the production of sugar alcohols by catalytic hydrogenation of the corresponding mono- and oligosaccharides in the liquid phase at the heterogeneous catalyst (I), excluding a process for the production of sorbitol.
Abstract:
Procedimiento para la obtención de anhídrido del ácido ftálico mediante oxidación en fase gaseosa, con catálisis heterogénea, en un reactor con alimentación (1) para la mezcla de la reacción en un extremo del reactor y descarga (2) en el extremo opuesto del reactor así como placas intercambiadoras de calor (8) dispuestas en la cavidad interior del reactor, que están recorridas por un agente caloportador, para la disipación de los calores de la reacción, llevándose a cabo la disipación de los calores de la reacción mediante refrigeración por ebullición bajo presión, y las placas intercambiadoras de calor (8) están formadas por al menos dos chapas metálicas unidas herméticamente en la periferia y apoyadas entre sí en una retícula de 15 hasta 80 mm mediante unión en forma de puntos y ensanchadas mediante presión interna, cuya cavidad interna, formada de éste modo, es recorrida por el agente caloportador.