Abstract:
The invention relates to a device for receiving hot, corrosive liquids (7), comprising a chamber enclosed by a wall (21) for receiving the liquid (7), wherein the chamber comprises an interior insulation (19). The invention further relates to a use of the device for storing corrosive liquids for storing a heat storage medium comprising sulfur.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a pipeline system comprising at least one pipeline loop (9) which is connected to a collector (7) at one end and to a distributor (5) at a second end. The collector (7) and the distributor (5) are arranged one above the other. When the collector (7) lies above the distributor, pressurized gas can be supplied to the collector, and the distributor (5) is connected to an emptying container (21); and when the distributor (5) lies above the collector, pressurized gas can be supplied to the distributor (5), and the collector (7) is connected to an emptying container (21), said emptying container (21) lying lower than the collector (7) and the distributor (5). The invention further relates to an emptying container (21) for receiving a liquid flowing through a pipeline system (3). The emptying container (21) is connected to the pipeline system (3) via an immersion pipe (33) protruding into the emptying container (21). The invention is characterized in that a siphon (41) is provided in the immersion pipe (33) between the pipeline system (3) and the emptying container (21), and the immersion pipe (33) can be heated, said siphon (41) being closed by a solidified material (43) during the operation of the pipeline system (3).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods for the production of surface-modified, nanoparticulate particles of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide and/or metal oxyhydroxide and of aqueous suspensions of said particles. The invention also relates to the surface-modified, nanoparticulate particles of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide and/or metal oxyhydroxide and to the aqueous suspensions of said particles which can be obtained by these methods and their use for cosmetic sunscreen preparations, as stabilisers in plastics and as active antimicrobial active substance.
Abstract:
L'invention concerne des procédés de lixiviation d'un matériau comprenant un ou plusieurs métaux à l'état d'oxydation zéro et un ou plusieurs métaux choisis parmi les oxydes métalliques, les hydroxydes métalliques et leurs combinaisons, le procédé consistant à mettre le matériau en contact avec une solution aqueuse acide oxydante dont le pH est inférieur à 6, puis réduire le ou les métaux choisis parmi les oxydes métalliques, les hydroxydes métalliques et leurs combinaisons à l'aide d'un agent réducteur. L'invention concerne également des procédés comprenant la lixiviation d'un matériau pour obtenir une solution aqueuse comprenant des ions métalliques, et la séparation des ions métalliques pour obtenir au moins une solution d'ions métalliques essentiellement pure et/ou au moins un sel d'ions métalliques solide essentiellement pur. L'invention concerne en outre des procédés comprenant le broyage mécanique d'un matériau pour obtenir une masse noire, et la lixiviation de la masse noire.
Abstract:
A process for the recovery of lithium from waste lithium ion batteries or parts thereof is disclosed. The process comprising the steps of (a) providing a particulate material containing a transition metal compound and/or transition metal, wherein the transition metal is selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni and Co, and wherein further at least a fraction of said Ni and/or Co, if present, are in an oxidation state lower than +2, and at least a fraction of said Mn, if present, is manganese(II)oxide; which particulate material further contains a lithium salt and a fluoride salt, and which particulate material optionally contains calcium provided that the element ratio calcium to fluorine is 1.7 or less or is zero; (b) treating the material provided in step (a) with a polar solvent and an alkaline earth hydroxide; and (c) separating the solids from the liquid, optionally followed by washing the solid residue with a polar solvent such as water provides good separation of lithium in high purity, and recovery of valuable transition metals.
Abstract:
Planta de energía solar con un sistema de conductos, que contiene sal fundida como portador de calor, el cual presenta una presión de vapor inferior a 0,5 bar en la temperatura máxima de servicio; en donde además el sistema de conductos comprende al menos un conducto receptor (13), en el cual la sal fundida se calienta mediante energía solar irradiada, o un receptor central, así como al menos un recipiente de vaciado (21) y/o un depósito (15, 17) para la sal fundida; caracterizada porque el sistema de conductos comprende además un sistema pendular de gas (31), el cual interconecta espacios de gas de los recipientes utilizados en la planta de energía solar y que presenta un depósito de gas (35) central y/o una conexión de gas central (37) y/o una salida de gas de escape (39) central, a través de la cual el gas se puede expulsar al ambiente.
Abstract:
Process for the recovery of transition metal from cathode active materials containing nickel and lithium, wherein said process comprises the steps of (a) treating a lithium containing transition metal oxide material with a leaching agent (preferably an acid selected from sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, methanesulfonic acid, oxalic acid and citric acid), (b) adjusting the pH value to 2.5 to 8, and (c) treating the solution obtained in step (b)with metallic nickel, cobalt or manganese or a combination of at least two of the foregoing.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a pipeline system for a linearly concentrated solar power plant (1), comprising at least one receiver line (13), in which a heat transfer medium is heated by incident solar energy, or a central receiver, and at least one discharge container (21) and/or a store for the heat transfer medium. The heat transfer medium has a steam pressure of less than 0.5 bar at the maximum operating temperature. Furthermore, the pipeline system comprises a vapor recovery system (31) that connects the gas chambers in the at least one discharge container (21) and/or the store for the heat transfer medium to one another and has a central gas store (35) and/or a central gas connection (37) and a central exhaust gas outlet (39), through which gas can be dispensed into the surroundings.
Abstract:
Composición de sal de nitrato que contiene como constituyentes esenciales A) un nitrato de metal alcalino y un nitrito de metal alcalino en una cantidad total en el intervalo de 98 a 99,84 % en peso, y B) un compuesto de metal alcalino seleccionado del grupo de B1) óxido de metal alcalino, B2) carbonato de metal alcalino B3) compuesto de metal alcalino que se descompone en óxido de metal alcalino o carbonato de metal alcalino en el intervalo de temperaturas desde 250°C a 600°C, B5) peróxido de metal alcalino Met2O2, en el cual Met significa litio, sodio, potasio, rubidio, cesio y B6) superóxido de metal alcalino MetO2, en el cual Met significa sodio, potasio, rubidio, cesio en una cantidad total en el intervalo de 0,16 a 2 % en peso, cada caso respecto de la composición de sal de nitrato.