Abstract:
The present invention provides a method of treating silica wherein silica is reacted with a di- or tri-functional organosilane in an aqueous acid medium to provide a crude organosilane-capped silica product containing organosilicon impurities. The organosilicon impurities are extracted from the crude product with an organic liquid to provide a purified product consisting essentially of organosilane-capped silica. The purified product is dried to provide a dry organosilane-capped silica. The aqueous acid medium can include a displacing reagent which displaces at least one reactive functional group of the di- or tri-functional organosilane. The present invention further provides continuous methods of treating silica with di- and tri-functional organosilanes, wherein the organic liquid and/or the organosilicon impurities are recycled and reused.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method of treating silica, wherein dry silica is contacted with a reaction medium consisting essentially of concentrated aqueous acid and a hydrophobing agent selected from the group consisting of organosiloxanes and organochlorosilanes. The silica is then reacted with the hydrophobing agent in the reaction medium for about 90 minutes or less at a temperature from about 10 DEG C to about 40 DEG C to provide a hydrophobic treated silica. The hydrophobic treated silica then is recovered.
Abstract:
New gel compositions which comprise a carbonaceous component attached to a gel component. Preferably, the carbonaceous component is selected from the group consisting of: carbon blacks, carbon fibers, activated carbons and graphitic carbons; and the gel component is selected from the group consisting of: metal oxide gels and polymeric gels. Also disclosed are new gel compositions comprising: a gel component and a carbon black product having attached at least one organic group, the organic group comprising: a) at least one aromatic group, and b) at least one ionic group, at least one ionizable group, or a mixture of an ionic group and an ionizable group, wherein at least one aromatic group of the organic group is directly attached to the carbon black. Further disclosed are new gel compositions comprising: a gel component and a carbon black product having attached at least one organic group, the organic group comprising: a) at least one C1-C12alkyl group, and b) at least one ionic group, at least one ionizable group, or a mixture of an ionic group and an ionizable group, wherein at least one alkyl group of the organic group is directly attached to the carbon black. Uses for the gel compositions are also disclosed.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vacuum heat insulation panel and a method of preparing the same, relatively easily manufacturable in various shapes and sizes even by a manufacturer of the final product (for example, a refrigerator). SOLUTION: In this method, a plurality of metallic oxide-containing compacts (11) are wrapped in a film (12) for delaying the passing of the moisture content, and here, the metallic oxide-containing compacts contain water of an amount less than an amount of water contained at atmospheric equilibrium. This film (12) is torn, and the metallic oxide-containing compacts (11) are arranged in an air impermeable container (14) of atmospheric pressure. Pressure in the air impermeable container (14) is reduced, and this air impermeable container (14) is sealed, and the vacuum heat insulation panel (16) is made. The vacuum heat insulation panel (16) containing the plurality of metallic oxide-containing compacts (11) arranged in the air impermeable container (14), is also provided. Here, these metallic oxide-containing compacts (11) contain the water of the amount less than the amount of the water contained at the atmospheric equilibrium. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide particulate compositions having improved heat conduction values. SOLUTION: An embodiment is a particulate composition which under a 103,421 Pa load, at 20°C, and at a pressure within the range of 133.322-13332.2 Pa, in Nitrogen, has: a packing density of less than or equal to 160 kg/cm 3 , and a thermal conductivity at 133.322-13332.2 Pa of less than or equal to 0.260lnP+453 milliWatt/meterK (mW/mxK) and a thermal conductivity at 1333.322-13332.2 Pa of less than or equal to (0.824lnP+0.47) mW/mxK. A preferred particulate composition is a gel composition. Also disclosed are insulating bodies comprising the particulate compositions. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
The present invention is an insulating composite comprising (a) a first thermally reflective layer having a reflective surface and an opposite surface, (b) a second thermally reflective layer having a reflective surface and an opposite surface, and (c) a porous metal oxide film having a thicknes s of 20 .mu.m or less that is positioned between the first and second thermall y reflective layers such that there is substantially no direct physical contac t (thermal bridging) between the first and second thermally reflective layers. The present invention further includes an insulating element in which the insulating composite is disposed within an air-impermeable container.
Abstract:
An adsorbent composition containing a modified carbonaceous material capable of adsorbing an adsorbate is disclosed, wherein at least one organic group is attached to the carbonaceous material. Furthermore, methods to increase the adsorption capacity of a carbonaceous material capable of adsorbing an adsorbate and methods to adsorb an adsorbate using the above-described adsorbent composition are also disclosed.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a gel composition comprising a carbonaceous component selected from carbon fibres, activated carbons, and graphitic attached to a gel component selected from the group metal oxide gels, resorcinol-formaldehyde gels, melamine formaldehyde gels and phenol-furfural gels. Also claimed is a thermal comprising the gel composition above.
Abstract:
The present invention provides an insulation panel comprising an air-impermeable container and disposed therein a gas and an adsorbent material that has a surface area of at least about 200 m2/g and that adsorbs more of the gas at a temperature below about 0 DEG C. than at 22 DEG C., wherein the pressure in the container at -34 DEG C. is not more than about 80% of the pressure in the container at 22 DEG C. The present invention also provides a method of insulating a surface from environmental thermal effects comprising placing the insulation panel of the present invention over the surface to be insulated.