Abstract:
A process is described for producing a powder batch comprises a plurality of particles, wherein the particles include (a) a first catalytically active component comprising at least one transition metal or a compound thereof; (b) a second component different from said first component and capable of removing oxygen from, or releasing oxygen to, an exhaust gas stream; and (c) a third component different from said first and second components and comprising a refractory support. The process comprises providing a precursor medium comprising a liquid vehicle and a precursor to al least one of said components (a) to (c) and heating droplets of said precursor medium carried in a gas stream to remove at least part of the liquid vehicle and chemically convert said precursor to said at least one component.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method of treating silica wherein silica is reacted with a di- or tri-functional organosilane in an aqueous acid medium to provide a crude organosilane-capped silica product containing organosilicon impurities. The organosilicon impurities are extracted from the crude product with an organic liquid to provide a purified product consisting essentially of organosilane-capped silica. The purified product is dried to provide a dry organosilane-capped silica. The aqueous acid medium can include a displacing reagent which displaces at least one reactive functional group of the di- or tri-functional organosilane. The present invention further provides continuous methods of treating silica with di- and tri-functional organosilanes, wherein the organic liquid and/or the organosilicon impurities are recycled and reused.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method of treating silica, wherein dry silica is contacted with a reaction medium consisting essentially of concentrated aqueous acid and a hydrophobing agent selected from the group consisting of organosiloxanes and organochlorosilanes. The silica is then reacted with the hydrophobing agent in the reaction medium for about 90 minutes or less at a temperature from about 10 DEG C to about 40 DEG C to provide a hydrophobic treated silica. The hydrophobic treated silica then is recovered.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method of treating silica wherein silica is reacted with a di- or tri-functional organosilane in an aqueous acid medium to provide a crude organosilane-capped silica product containing organosilicon impurities. The organosilicon impurities are extracted from the crude product with an organic liquid to provide a purified product consisting essentially of organosilane-capped silica. The purified product is dried to provide a dry organosilane-capped silica. The aqueous acid medium can include a displacing reagent which displaces at least one reactive functional group of the di- or tri-functional organosilane. The present invention further provides-continuous methods of treating silica with di- and tri-functional organosilanes, wherein the organic liquid and/or the organosilicon impurities are recycled and reused.
Abstract:
A continuous process for the conversion of sodium silicate to silicic acid, wherein a moving bed of a protonated ion exchange resin is contacted with an inlet stream of sodium silicate to provide an outlet stream of silicic acid. The outlet stream of silicic acid produced thereby can be processed into a variety of silica products. The outlet moving bed of spent sodium-enriched ion-exchange resin is continuously regenerated into protonated ion-exchange resin by contacting the spent resin with an inlet stream of acid of sufficient strength to exchange the sodium ions in the spent resin with a proton. The regenerated protonated ion-exchange resin is continuously recycled back into the sodium silicate stream for further production of silicic acid.
Abstract:
A process for making non-porous, dense, silica partices having a diameter of about 3 to 1000 microns, a nitrogen B.E.T. surface area less than about 1 m2/g, a total impurity content of less than about 50 ppm and a metal impurity content content of less than about 15 ppm from an aqueous dispersion of fumed silica. The particles are converted into porous particles and sintered in an atmosphere having a water partial pressure of from about 0.2 to about 0.8 atmosphere for temperatures below about 1200 DEG C.
Abstract:
Una composicion que comprende al menos un material carbonoso y al menos un lignosulfonato metalico, caracterizada porque al menos un lignosulfonato metalico se selecciona de lignosulfonatos de calcio, bario y estroncio, y el ion metalico de al menos un lignosulfonato metalico esta presente en una cantidad que varia del 0.5% en peso al 3% en peso con respecto al peso total de al menos un material carbonoso, y en donde al menos un lignosulfonato metalico esta presente en una cantidad que varia de 5 a 10% en peso, relativo al peso total de la composicion.