Abstract:
Catalysts for the reaction of acrolein with ammonia to form pyridine and 3-methylpyridine are prepared by treating a compound of the elements Al, F and O and at least one element of the second, third or fourth group of the periodic system with oxygen at 550* to 1,200*C.
Abstract:
ANHYDROUS HYDROGEN PEROXIDE SOLUTIONS ARE PREPARED FROM A HYDROGEN PEROXIDE CONTAINING WORKING SOLUTION PRODUCED IN THE ANTHRAQUINONE PROCESS AFTER THE OXIDATION STEP BY EMPLOYING A STRIPPING DISTILLATION UNDER REDUCED PRESSURE USING AN ORGANIC SOLVENT AS THE STRIPPING AGENT.
Abstract:
In situ regeneration of noble metal catalysts for the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide by the anthraquinone process is provided by employing as the working solution coming from the extraction or desorption step and being introduced into the hydrogenation step a solution which contains at least 250 mg/liter of hydrogen peroxide, to thereby completely regenerate the noble metal catalyst by full capacity of the hydrogenation step.
Abstract:
Pure acetonitrile is recovered from aqueous acetonitrile by extracting with an organic solvent which has little miscibility with water, boils higher than acetonitrile and does not form an azeotrope with acetonitrile. The portion of the extract boiling up to 76*C is distilled off. The remaining acetonitrile containing more difficulty volatile portion is freed from the residual water by addition of an entraining agent and recovering the pure acetonitrile by a fractional distillation.
Abstract:
Malonodinitrile produced from cyanogen halide and acetonitrile and containing fumarodinitrile as an impurity is purified and stabilized by recrystallizing from an aliphatic alcohol or dialkyl ether in the presence of benzonitrile.
Abstract:
There is provided a process for the recovery of liquid cyanuric chloride from a mixture formed by the trimerization of cyanogen chloride in a trimerization reactor with subsequent fractionation of said mixture comprising conducting the mixture in an at least partially gaseous condition at 146* to 500*C. to a column system, bringing said mixture in a first fractionating column into contact with a solvent for cyanuric chloride having a boiling point between that of cyanogen chloride and that of cyanuric chloride and which is stable to cyanuric chloride, cyanogen chloride, chlorine and hydrogen chloride, recovering condensed liquid cyanuric chloride from the bottom of said first column at a temperature above the boiling point of said solvent, removing the distillate mixture containing solvent, cyanogen chloride, chlorine and any carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen chloride from the top of said first column, partially condensing a portion of said distillate and returning said partial condensate to the top of the first fractionating column, leading the solvent containing residual gas of chlorine, cyanogen chloride and any carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen chloride present to a second fractionating column adding sufficient liquid cyanogen chloride to the top of said second column to maintain a reflux in the top of said second column, removing a mixture of chlorine and cyanogen chloride and any carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen chloride free of said solvent from the top of said second column, returning the chlorine and cyanogen chloride to the trimerization reactor, insuring that the gas entering said reactor contains at least 50 weight percent cyanogen, collecting chlorine and cyanogen chloride free solvent in the bottom of the second column and returning it to the top of the first fractionating column.
Abstract:
N-alkyl formamides or the corresponding N-cycloalkyl or Naralkyl formamaides are prepared by reacting olefins, cycloolefins or aralkenes with hydrogen cyanide in the Ritter reaction using about 2.5 moles of acid per mole of olefin at a temperature of 30* to 70* C. and the unneutralized acid reaction mixture is extracted with acid stable polar solvents and the extract is worked up in conventional manner.
Abstract:
Esters of trialkyl acetic acids; preferably pivalic acid, with higher alkanols, glycols, phenols or cycloalkanols are employed as solvents for the reaction carriers in the anthraquinone process for preparing hydrogen peroxide.
Abstract:
Compounds of Al, F and O and at least one element of the second main group of the periodic system are heated at 550* to 1200* C. to render them suitable as catalysts for the reaction of acrolein with ammonia to form pyridine and 3-methylpyridine.