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    3.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1569053A1

    公开(公告)日：1969-04-10

    申请号：DE1569053

    申请日：1964-12-28

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： CHEBINIAK PAUL ,  TAYLOR WILEY ROBERT

    IPC: B41M5/10 ,  C08J9/28

    Abstract: Porous sheets having a plasticizer trapped in the pores thereof are made by mixing a latex of a thermoplastic polymer with the plasticizer, depositing the composition as a coating on to a substrate, and removing the water from the coating. The substrate may be a permanent backing or else removed after formation of the film. The removal of the water may be by evaporation or by absorption into the substrate and followed by treatment to coalesce the polymer into a porous sheet, e.g. by curing at room temperature or by heating the sheet to fusion. A colouring agent may be included in the composition. Materials disclosed include polymers of ethylene, vinyl acetate, acrylic compounds, vinyl chloride, styrene, vinylidene chloride and fluoride, together with butyl rubber and copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate; styrene and acrylates, butadiene with one of styrene, vinyl toluene and acrylonitrile; vinyl pyrrolidone with one of vinyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, and styrene; as well as polyamides. Plasticizers used may be of the primary type which solvate the polymer such as phthalates, adipates, sebacates and phosphates of mono- and poly-hydric alcohols and phenols, dicarbitol phthalate, tris(butoxyethyl)-phosphate, 2-pyrrilidone, acetyltributylcitrate, and polypropylene glycol; as well as non-solvating secondary plasticizers such as mineral oil, castor oil and oleic acid. The former are essential when the polymer will not otherwise form coherent films, and may be used in excess to form the products of the invention, but secondary plasticizers are preferred, in combination with primary plasticizers when necessary.ALSO:Waxless carbon papers are made by mixing a latex of a thermoplastic polymer with a plasticizer, depositing the composition as a coating on to a substrate, and removing the water from the coating to leave a coating having plasticizer entrapped in its pores. The water may be removed by evaporation or absorption into the substrate. After removal of the water, the coating is treated to coalesce the polymer into a porous sheet e.g. by curing at room temperature or by heating to fusion. Materials disclosed include polymers of ethylene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, styrene, acrylates, vinylidene chloride and fluoride together with butyl rubber and copolymers of butadiene with one of styrene, vinyl toluene, and acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate, styrene with acrylates, vinyl pyrrolidone with one of vinyl acetate, styrene and ethyl acrylate, as well as polyamides. Plasticizers may be of the primary type which solvate the polymer e.g. phthalates, adipates, sebacates, and phosphates of mono- and polyhydric alcohols and phenols, dicarbitol phthalate, tris(butoxyethyl)phosphate, 2-pyrrolidone, acetyltributyl citrate, and polypropylene glycol; and of the non-solvating secondary type such as mineral oil, castor oil and oleic acid. The former are essential when the polymer will not otherwise form a coherent film, and may be used in excess to form the products of the invention, but secondary plasticizers are preferred, in combination with primary plasticizers when needed. Dyes, toners, and pigments may be used to colour the plasticizer where the products are used as transfer media in typewriter ribbons or carbon papers. Such colouring matter should be sufficiently compatible with the plasticizer to form an ink or marking material therewith. Specified dyes include Flushed Alkali Blue, Oil Blue Black, ZBC, and Nubian Resin Black. In examples the substrates used are "Mylar" (Registered Trade Mark) and Weblon non-woven fabric.ALSO:Porous sheets having a plasticizer trapped in the pores thereof are made by mixing a latex of a thermoplastic polymer with the plasticizer, depositing the composition as a coating on to a substrate, and removing the water from the coating. The removal of the water may be by evaporation or by absorption into the substrate and is followed by treatment to coalesce the polymer into a porous sheet, e.g. by curing at room temperature, or by heating the sheet to fusion. A colouring agent may be included in the composition. Materials disclosed include polymers of ethylene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, styrene, acrylates., vinylidene chloride and fluoride, together with butyl rubber and copolymers of butadiene with one of styrene, vinyl toluene and acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate, styrene with acrylates, vinyl pyrrolidone with one of vinyl acetate, styrene and ethyl acrylate, as well as polyamides. The plasticizers may be of the primary type which solvate the polymer, for example phthalates, adipates, sebacates, and phosphates of mono-and poly-hydric alcohols and phenols, dicarbitol phthalate, tris (butoxyethyl) phosphate, 2-pyrrolidone, acetyl tri-butyl citrate, and poly-propylene glycol; and of the non-solvating secondary type such as mineral oil, caster oil and oleic acid. The former are essential when the polymer will not otherwise form a coherent film, and may be used in excess to form the products of the invention, but secondary plasticizers are preferred, in combination with primary plasticizers when necessary. In examples, the substrates used are 'MYLAR' (Registered Trade Mark) film, and 'WEBLON' non-woven fabric.

    6.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1273545B

    公开(公告)日：1968-07-25

    申请号：DEJ0029647

    申请日：1965-12-20

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： CHEBINIAK PAUL ,  MONDOU EUGENE RAYMOND

    IPC: B01J13/02 ,  B41M5/10

    Abstract: An ink transfer element comprises a thermo-plastic fluorinated polymer, a non-volatile plasticizer which is non-solvent for the polymer at room temperature but capable of solvating the polymer at its fusion temperature and an ink composition which is also non-solvent for the polymer and is miscible with the plasticizer. The polymer and plasticizer are combined to form a porous matrix with the ink being distributed in its pores. The matrix is self-supporting but may be supported on a substrate, e.g. plastics, fabric or paper. The element may include 30 parts wt. of polymer, 20-50 parts wt. plasticizer and 25-60 parts wt. ink. The polymer may be P.T.F.E., fluorinated ethylenepropylene copolymer, polychlorotrifluoroethylene or polyvinylidene fluoride, the latter may have a M.W. of 300,000-600,000 and a particle size of 1-100m before being combined in the matrix. The ink composition may be alkali blue in mineral oil, castor oil, triethylene glycol or oleic acid or it may be a commercial black system. The plasticizer can be butylene glycol adipate, neopentyl glycol adipate, dimethyl phthalate, tributyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate or tributoxyethyl phosphate. The plasticizer may increase in M.W. on heating. The element is made by dispersing the polymer in the plasticizers and ink and heating to the fusion temperature of the polymer to form the matrix, e.g. heating can be at 370 DEG F. for 40 secs. The dispersion may include a cross-linking agent, a heat polymerizable monomer, a porous material, e.g. a molecular sieve or porous polyethylene, a blowing agent and a stabilizer, e.g. lead phosphite, lead salicylate or lead stearate. The transfer element can be formed as a coating 1 to 10 mils thick, thicker coatings are self-supporting. The transfer element can be in the form of a cast article, e.g. a stamp pad or ink roller.ALSO:An ink-transfer element comprises a thermoplastic fluorinated polymer, a non-volatile plasticiser which is non-solvent for the polymer at room temperature but capable of solvating the polymer at its fusion temperature and an ink composition which is also non solvent for the polymer and is miscible with the plasticiser. The polymer and plasticiser are combined to form a porous matrix with the ink being distributed in its pores. The matrix is self-supporting but may be supported on a substrate, e.g. plastics, fabric or paper. The element may include 30 parts wt. of polymer, 20-50 parts wt. plasticiser and 25-60 parts wt. ink. The polymer may be P.T.F.E., fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer, polychlorotrifluoroethylene or polyvinylidene fluoride, the latter may have a M.W. of 300,000-600,000 and a particle size of 1-100m before being combined in the matrix. The plasticiser may increase in M.W. on heating. The ink composition may be alkali blue in mineral oil, castor oil, triethylene glycol or oleic acid or it may be a commercial black system. The element is made by dispersing the polymer in the plasticiser and ink and heating to the fusion temperature of the polymer to form the matrix e.g. heating can be at 370 DEG F for 40 secs. The dispersion may include a cross-linking agent, a heat polymerisable monomer, a porous material, e.g. a molecular sieve or porous polyethylene, a blowing agent and a stabiliser e.g. lead phosphite, lead salicylate or lead stearate. The transfer element can be formed as a coating 1 to 10 mils thick, thicker coatings are self supporting and can be stripped off the support. The transfer element can be in the form of a cast article, e.g. a stamp pad or ink roller.

    7.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE3577731D1

    公开(公告)日：1990-06-21

    申请号：DE3577731

    申请日：1985-02-22

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： CHEBINIAK PAUL ,  KASCHAK RONALD ANTHONY ,  ROOT LOIS JEAN

    IPC: C23C18/16 ,  C23C18/18 ,  C23C18/52 ,  H05K3/18 ,  H05K3/22

    Abstract: A metal is deposited onto a substrate from an electroless plating solution by plating an initial layer of metal onto the substrate, then contacting the metal-plated substrate with a solution of an acid; and plating an additional layer of metal onto the plated, acid-treated substrate. The process reduces the plating void defects.

    8.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1569054A1

    公开(公告)日：1970-04-09

    申请号：DE1569054

    申请日：1964-12-28

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： CHEBINIAK PAUL

    IPC: B41M5/10 ,  B41N7/06 ,  C08J9/24 ,  C08J9/28

    Abstract: A porous plastic material entrapping a plasticizer is made by mixing an aqueous latex of a thermoplastic polymer with a plasticizer, coagulating the latex, removing the water, and heating the product to fuse it into a porous mass having at least part of the plasticizer trapped in its pores. Specified polymers are polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylates, polystyrene, polyvinylidene chloride and polyvinylidene fluoride as well as polyamides such as nylon, butyl rubber and copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, styrene with acrylates, butadiene or vinyl pyrrolidone, butadiene with vinyl toluene or acrylonitrile, and vinyl pyrrolidone with ethyl acrylate. The plasticizers disclosed belong to the primary and secondary types, the former being defined as those which solvate the polymer and include phthalates, and adipates of alcohols and phenols, and phosphate esters as well as 2-pyrrolidone, acetyltributyl citrate, and polypropylene glycol. Secondary plasticizers may be aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons including mineral oils, castor oil, and oleic acid. Mixtures of the two types may be used, e.g. dioctyl phthalate with castor oil. Dyes, toners and pigments may be included in the mixture and the fusion may be carried out in a heated mould. Specified methods for coagulating the latices of the invention include the addition of an electrolyte, solvent extraction and freezing.

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