Abstract:
A monitoring system and method of producing a multi-layered coating such as a non-classical anti-reflecting coating on a substrate such as an optical lens is provided. The substrate is coated with material in a sealed housing. A beam of energy such as light having a variable wavelength across a predetermined range is directed to contact the coating material on the substrate. A portion of the beam is monitored after it contacts the coating material to provide a plurality of corresponding monitoring signals indicative of the optical thickness of the coating. The monitoring signals are compared with a predetermined range of values corresponding to the desired optical thickness. When all of the monitoring signals are respectively matched with the predetermined values, the deposition of material is stopped. The predetermined values and the monitoring signals can be simultaneously displayed on a visual display screen for comparison by an operator. The beam of energy can be monitored before it contacts the coating material and the resulting signal can be compared through a differential amplifier with the resulting monitoring signals to insure that any fluctuations in the energy source will not influence the monitoring signals. Alternatively, the beam can be filtered to provide a derivative single monitoring wavelength beam varying from the design wavelength that would provide an extreme limit of reflection for the desired optical thickness.
Abstract:
A system for indicating the density and the combination of color compensating filters to be selected for the correction of color balance and for measuring the amount of exposure for color printing to be used in making positive images from the negative images comprises a plural number of detectors which are electrically connected in series and adapted to measure the light beam which has passed through color negatives.
Abstract:
An enlarger for copying a film is provided having two modes of operation. A first mode of operation permits preliminary adjustment of the focus of the lens system while the second mode of operation permits an actual exposure, the first mode of operation being inhibited during the actual exposure of the film in the second mode.
Abstract:
In an electronic flash device for use in a still camera, a calculation circuit means calculates a ratio of the amounts of light to be emitted by a plurality of flash light tubes on the basis of color temperature information and control circuit means controls the emission of light of the respective flash light tubes in such a manner that the ratio of light amount emitted from the respective flash light tubes corresponds to the ratio calculated by the calculation circuit means.
Abstract:
The disclosure is directed to an improved light measuring device which is used in flash photography for measuring a preliminary flash light to obtain camera exposure information for photography under a primary flash light. The device is so arranged as to preliminarily obtain informations of light amount contributing to photographing, with respect to each portion or area of a scene to be photographed or object field, in taking photographs with the employment of the auxiliary light.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a light measuring and control data calculating device for use in a photographic enlarger. The device comprises first light detecting means for detecting the amount of light emitted from a light source, second light detecting means for detecting the emitted light amount at a position on the surface of an easel through the optical system and an original film in the enlarger, setting means for manually setting a preliminary desired amount of light to be emitted from the light source and calculation means for calculating an actually desired amount of flash light to be emitted from the light source for obtaining a desired total amount of the exposure light on the surface of the easel for making a suitable exposure on the printing paper to provide a best print.
Abstract:
An improved enlarger for producing prints from an image bearing negative includes a film carrier, an enlarging lens, a light source, and a supporting pole for moving the elements to different operative positions. The apparatus is provided for inputting a signal representative of the focal length, and detectors are provided for determining a first and second datum position with the enlarging lens focused at each position. The information representative of these positions can then be used to automatically provide an in-focus position for the enlarging lens at a desired magnification level when the film carrier is subsequently moved.