Abstract:
An electrochemical cell is provided, including an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte therebetween. The anode contains magnesium in a reduced state, and the cathode includes a rutile structure. The rutile structure is capable of intercalating magnesium ions received from the anode to produce a low voltage. The electrochemical cell is rechargeable. Additionally, the electrochemical cell is cheaper, more environmentally friendly and has a higher volume density than related art electrochemical cells. A method of manufacture is also provided.
Abstract:
A polymer layer which is present in contact with a transparent pixel electrode controlled by a TFT serving as a driving element and electrically active and the color of which is changed because of electrochemical oxidation or reduction and a polymer solid electrolyte layer provided in contact with the polymer layer and containing a colorant are interposed between the transparent electrode and a common electrode. Because the color changes because of electrochemical oxidation or reduction, the contrast and black density are enhanced and long-term fading is prevented.
Abstract:
A proton conductor having high conductivity and a wide operating temperature range. It comprises a polymer having a structural part of chemical formula (49) and an organic compound of chemical formula (50) or chemical formula (51). R1, R2, R3, and R4 each is a component containing carbon, X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 each is a protonic dissociative group, n is larger than 1, p is larger than 0, and R4 has one to four carbon atoms. The transfer of protons is accelerated by the ether bond or protonic dissociative group of the organic compound. The protonic dissociative group of the organic compound further serves to increase the number of protons to make proton transfer smooth.
Abstract:
An ion-conductive polymer which is represented by the following chemical formula and has at least one of syndiotactic and isotactic stereoregular structures. (I) (In the formula, n is an integer of 2 or larger; R is a C1-20 organic residue optionally containing one or more heteroatoms selected among nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, and other atoms; X is an anionic part; and Y is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, transition metal, rare earth metal, ammonium, or hydrogen.)
Abstract:
In a photoelectric conversion device using a semiconductor electrode composed of semiconductor nanoparticles, the semiconductor electrode is made by coating and drying a paste containing a binder and semiconductor nanoparticles dispersed therein on a transparent conductive substrate, and pressing the paste to bond the semiconductor nanoparticles onto the transparent conductive substrate while heating it to a temperature in the range from 30° C. to the softening temperature of the transparent conductive substrate, or, if the semiconductor nanoparticles retain a sensitizing dye, to a temperature in the range from 30° C. to lower one of the softening temperature of the transparent conductive substrate and the deactivation temperature of the sensitizing dye.
Abstract:
An optical apparatus includes a first electrode that can be kept in a transparent state in a visible light region, and a second electrode electrically separated from the first electrode. A space is provided between the first and second electrodes. A certain function is used to provide a driving potential to the first and second electrodes. An electrolyte is poured into the space between the electrodes. The electrolyte is composed of a solution prepared by dissolving a silver salt in at least one type of solvent selected from a group consisting of dimethylformamide, diethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpropionamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, 2-ethoxyethanol, and 2-methoxyethanol. By use of this electrolyte, silver is precipitated and dissolved under driving control over the first and second electrodes. As a result, color-developing and color-fading are effected by precipitation and dissolution of silver, respectively.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a solid electrolyte having superior conductive properties and reliability, a photovoltaic device using this electrolyte, and manufacturing methods thereof. The solid electrolyte of the present invention is a solid electrolyte having an electrolyte composition and a matrix polymer. The matrix polymer is formed by polymerization of a first compound having at least two isocyanate groups and a second compound having at least two nucleophilic groups containing active hydrogen in accordance with a polyaddition reaction, and the polymerization is performed after a precursor for the matrix polymer is brought into contact with a surface on which the solid electrolyte is to be formed.
Abstract:
A polymer gel hybrid solar cell which reach a light to energy conversion efficiency as high as 9.2% with 100 mW/cm , and as high as 14.1% with reduced light intensity of 33 mW/cm .