Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to a method and a system for validating inspiratory muscle activity of a patient. Left and right electrical activity signals respectively representing activity of a left muscle and of a right muscle synchronized with an inspiratory effort of the patient are acquired from non-invasive sensors. A cardiac activity signal is extracted from the left and right electrical activity signals. A synchrony, a symmetry or a proportionality of the left and right electrical activity signals from which the cardiac activity signal is extracted is verified. A mechanical ventilation system incorporating the system for validating inspiratory muscle activity of the patient is also disclosed.
Abstract:
A device for providing ventilatory assist to a patient is disclosed. The device comprises a manifold having an inspiratory port connectable to an inspiratory supply line, an interface port connectable to an external end of a tube inserted in a patient's trachea and an expiratory port configured to receive an expiratory flow from the tube via the interface port. An inspiratory lumen has a distal end insertable in the endotracheal tube towards its distal end. A cross-section of the inspiratory lumen is smaller than that of the endotracheal tube to allow gas flowing in the endotracheal tube independently from the inspiratory lumen. A valve is configured to direct an inspiratory flow from the inspiratory supply line to the inspiratory lumen, or to the endotracheal tube, or at once to the inspiratory lumen and to the endotracheal tube. A ventilatory assist system and method using the device are also disclosed.
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to a method and a system for quantifying timing discrepancies between inspiratory effort and ventilatory assist. A trigger error is determined by comparing a start time of neural inspiration with a start time of the ventilatory assist. A cycling-off error is determined by comparing an end time of the neural inspiration with an end time of the ventilatory assist. The ventilatory assist is synchronized when the trigger error is lower than a first threshold and the cycling-off error is lower than a second threshold. The ventilatory assist may also be characterized in terms of early or late trigger and of early or late cycling-off. A trigger of a ventilator may be adjusted according to the trigger error and a cycling-off of a ventilator may be adjusted according to the cycling-off error.
Abstract:
A negative pressure ventilation device comprises an inflatable tubular enclosure for surrounding a patient's torso and for defining, when inflated, a space between the tubular enclosure and the patient's torso. A sealing arrangement for the space between the tubular enclosure and the patient's torso is configured for positioning between the tubular enclosure and the patient's torso. A port is mounted to the inflatable tubular enclosure for accessing the space between the enclosure and the patient's torso to produce a negative pressure in the space. A method for negative pressure ventilation using the foregoing negative pressure ventilation device and a negative pressure ventilation system comprising the negative pressure ventilation device are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A method and system for measuring changes in inspiratory load of a patient's respiratory system during mechanical ventilation. The method and system calculate a first relation between a measured inspiratory airway pressure and a measured electrical activity of respiratory muscle, and a second relation between a measured inspiratory volume and the measured electrical activity. A load index is calculated from the first and second relations. Changes in inspiratory load are determined based on the load index.
Abstract:
A mechanical ventilation system comprises a plurality of ventilation therapy sub-systems. Each of the ventilation therapy sub-systems is adapted to assist a respiratory function of the patient. The system also comprises a detector of the respiratory drive of the patient, an operator interface receiving one or more control parameters, and a main controller. The main controller assigns a therapeutic contribution to each of the ventilation therapy sub-systems based on the respiratory drive of the patient and on the control parameters. The controller modulates the respiratory drive of a patient by controlling each of the plurality of the ventilation therapy sub-systems according to its assigned therapeutic contribution. Distinct ventilation therapy sub-systems may apply negative pressure on the abdomen of the patient, deliver a non-pressurizing inspiratory flow to the patient, or induce a positive pressure in the airways of the patient.
Abstract:
A device and method for controlling a level of ventilatory assist applied to a patient by a mechanical ventilator measures, during patient's assisted breath, an inspiratory volume V assist produced by both the patient and the mechanical ventilator, an inspiratory volume V vent contributed by the mechanical ventilator, and an inspiratory assist pressure P vent produced by the mechanical ventilator. A first relation between pressure P vent and volume V assist and a second relation between pressure P vent and volume V vent are calculated. Using the first and second relations, a ratio is determined between pressure P vent at volume V vent and pressure P vent at volume V assist , with volume V vent equal to volume V assist , for a plurality of volumes V vent and V assist . Values of P vent are multiplied by the corresponding calculated ratios to calculate a third relation between a predicted inspiratory pressure P pred and volume V assist. The mechanical ventilator is responsive to the third relation to control the level of ventilatory assist.
Abstract:
A ventilatory assist system and method are disclosed. The system comprises a tube for connection to a patient's airway, inspiratory and expiratory tube lumens connected to the tube, an inspiratory air source connected to the inspiration tube lumen, and a controller of air pressure in the expiratory tube lumen. The pressure controller is responsive to a physiological breathing signal representative of patient's inspiratory effort to allow air flow through the expiratory tube lumen during a patient's expiration phase, partially restricting the air flow through the expiratory tube lumen to a minimum air flow during a patient's inspiration phase. During both respiratory phases, a unidirectional air flow is produced through the inspiratory and expiratory tube lumens to prevent air expired by the patient from being breathed again. The physiological breathing signal allows synchronization of the ventilatory assist with breathing efforts of the patient.