Abstract:
A method for preparing a hollow nanofiber having carbon as a primary component, which comprises contacting a carbon-containing compound with a catalyst at a temperature of 500 to 1200˚C, wherein as the catalyst use is made of a catalyst comprising a zeolite exhibiting the thermal resistance at 900˚C and, carried thereon, a metal; a catalyst comprising a metallosilicate zeolite containing a heteroatom except aluminum and silicon in the structural skeleton thereof and, carried thereon, a metal; a catalyst comprising a carrier and, carried thereon, fine cobalt particles exhibiting a binding energy of a cobalt 2P3/2 electron of 779.3 to 781.0 eV, as measured by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; a catalyst comprising a carrier and, carried thereon, fine cobalt particles exhibiting a cobalt atom ratio in the surface of the carrier of 0.1 to 1.5 %, as measured by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy under a condition of 10 kV and 18 mA; a catalyst comprising a carrier and, carried thereon, fine cobalt particles exhibiting a weight ratio of cobalt to a second metal component (weight of cobalt/weight of the second metal component) of 2.5 or more; or a catalyst comprising a zeolite having a film form and, carried on the surface thereof, a metal.
Abstract:
The object of the present invent:ion is to provide a method for efficiently resolving optical isomers. The object of the present invention can be achieved by a method for resolving optical isomers, in which an discriminating liquid consisting of an discriminating agent capable of discriminating optical isomers and a diluent is brought into contact with a mixture containing said optical isomers in counter current, to resolve the optical isomers by adsorption separation, distillation separation, absorption separation or membrane separation, and is recovered at an optical isomer content of 5 wt% or less for recycled use, characterized by satisfying one or move of the following conditions (a) The dielectric constant of the diluent is 30 or less and the viscosity of the discriminating liquid is 0.2 Pa's or less at the temperature of the resolving operation. (b) The discriminating agent contained has an effect of splitting the 1H or 13C-NMR spectrum peak of the optical isomers when added and the diluent contained has a dielectric constant equal to or lower than the dielectric constant of the measuring solvent at the time of measuring the 1H or 13C-NMR spectrum. (c) The boiling point of at least one compound of the discriminating agent at the pressure of resolving operation is higher than the boiling point of at least one compound of the diluent at the pressure of resolving operation. (d) The boiling point of at least one compound of the diluent at the pressure of resolving operation is higher than the boiling point of the optical isomers to be resolved, at the pressure of resolving operation by 10.degree.C or more. (e) The concentration of,the discriminating agent in the discriminating liquid is 10 wt% or more.
Abstract:
A method for preparing hollow nanofibers having carbon as a primary component, which comprises contacting a carbon-containing compound with a catalyst at a temperature of 500 to 1200 DEG C, wherein as the catalyst use is made of a catalyst comprising a zeolite exhibiting the thermal resistance at 900 DEG C and, supported thereon, a metal; a catalyst comprising a metallosilicate zeolite containing a heteroatom except aluminum and silicon in the structural framework thereof and, supported thereon, a metal; a catalyst comprising a supporting material and, supported thereon, fine cobalt particles exhibiting a binding energy of a cobalt 2P3/2 electron of 779.3 to 781.0 eV, as measured by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; a catalyst comprising a supporting material and, supported thereon, fine cobalt particles exhibiting a cobalt atom ratio in the surface of the supporting material of 0.1 to 1.5%, as measured by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy under a condition of 10 kV and 18 mA; a catalyst comprising a supporting material and, supported thereon, fine cobalt particles exhibiting a weight ratio of cobalt to a second metal component (weight of cobalt/weight of the second metal component) of 2.5 or more; or a catalyst comprising a zeolite having a film form and, supported on the surface thereof, a metal.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for efficiently manufacturing a carbon nanotube in large quantities and to provide a device for efficiently manufacturing the carbon nanotube in large quantities. SOLUTION: The carbon nanotube can be more efficiently manufactured by using a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method) which is simple in operation and using the device in which a reaction tube installed in a heating furnace is rotated to stir a solid catalyst and to bring the solid catalyst into uniform contact with a carbon-containing compound in order to bring the solid catalyst into efficient contact with the carbon-containing compound in 500-1200°C and using a device in which the reaction tube is inclined and rotated to continuously supply the solid catalyst and the raw material carbon-containing compound and to continuously discharge a produced carbon nanotube. COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce an acyl group-substituted aromatic compound by reacting an aromatic compound with carboxylic acids in the presence of a zeolite catalyst treated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids. SOLUTION: An aromatic compound (e.g. ethylbenzene) is reacted with a carboxylic acid or its derivative (e.g. propionic acid) which is an acylating agent in the presence of a catalyst, as necessary, in a solvent (e.g. cyclohexane) at 200-500 deg.C for 0.1-24hr. A catalyst prepared by slowly bringing ethylenediaminetetraacetatic acid or its salt as a treating agent into contact with zeolite with, e.g. a Soxhlet extractor is used as the catalyst. The decreasing rate of acylating yield with time found at the time of carrying out acylating reaction can remarkably be reduced by using the resultant catalyst.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for manufacturing carbon nanotube efficiently and in large quantities. SOLUTION: The carbon nanotube can be manufactured efficiently and in large quantities by using the apparatus using a chemical vapor deposition method with a simple operation, where a carbon-containing compound and a solid catalyst retained on a conveying device are continuously supplied into a heating furnace and catalyzed in a temperature zone heated at 500-940°C in the furnace to form the carbon nanotube and the resulting carbon nanotube retained on the conveying device coming out through the furnace is continuously recovered. COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for dividing optical isomers. SOLUTION: This method is based on an adsorption, distillation, absorption or membrane-aided separation to divide optical isomers by bringing a mixture containing optical isomers counter-currently with a classificating solution composed of a classificating agent and diluent, and to recover the classificating solution containing the isomers at 5 wt.% or less, wherein at least one of the following conditions is satisfied: (a) the diluent has a relative dielectric constant of 30 or less, and classificating solution has a viscosity of 0.2 Pa.s or less at division operating temperature, (b) the classificating solution is composed of the classificating agent having an effect of splitting 1H- or 13C-NMR spectral peak, and diluent whose relative dielectric constant is the same as, or lower than, that of the solvent used for measuring 1H- or 13C-NMR spectral pattern, (c) the classificating agent has a lower boiling point than the diluent at division operating pressure, (d) the diluent has at least 10 deg.C higher boiling point than any of the optical isomers at division operating pressure, and (e) the classificating solution contains the classificating agent at 10 wt.% or more.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing the subject compound useful as a synthetic intermediate for a medicine, an agrochemical, a liquid crystal compound or the like without recemization in high optical purity by bringing an optically active α-substituted carboxylic ester into contact with an acid catalyst and an organic acid. SOLUTION: (A) An optically active α-substituted carboxylic ester (e.g. the one having an ester group with a 1-12C aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon group, and >=70%ee optical purity) is brought into contact with (B) an acid catalyst [e.g. the one having >=3 acid dissociation constant (pKa) such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or the like] and (C) an organic acid [e.g. formic acid or acetic acid) to provide the objective compound in the method for producing the optically active α-substituted carboxylic acid. Preferably, the reaction is carried out by using the component B of 0.01-10 molar times as much as the amount of the component A at 0-100 deg.C.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce an acyl group-substituted aromatic compound by allowing an aromatic compound and a carboxylic acid to react with each other in the presence of a catalyst of zeolite treated with a fluorine-containing compound. SOLUTION: An aromatic compound such as benzene and a carboxylic acid or its derivative such as a carboxylic chloride are allowed to react with each other in the presence of catalyst at 20-500 deg.C for 0.1-24 hours to effect acylation. The catalyst is prepares by treating a zeolite with a fluorine-containing compound shown by the formula M Fn or the formula (M )m XFn (M is H, ammonium, an element in the groups 1, 2, 13, 14 or 15 in the periodic table or a transition metal; (n) is a positive number; M is H, ammonium, an element in the group 1 or 2; X is H, an element in the group 13, 14 or 15 or a transition metal; (m) is a positive number) such as NH4 F. The use of the catalyst increases the acylation activity and minimizes the deterioration rate of the acylation activity with the passage of time, which is observed in the operation of the acylation reaction.