公开(公告)号：US20150361474A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-17

申请号：US14831827

申请日：2015-08-20

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Kimberly NELSON ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN ,  Theodora RETSINA ,  Ryan O'CONNOR

IPC: C12P19/24 ,  C10L1/02 ,  A23L1/236 ,  C10L5/44 ,  A23L2/60 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C10L1/04

CPC classification number: C12P19/24 ,  A23L2/60 ,  A23L27/33 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L5/44 ,  C10L2200/0469 ,  C10L2290/26 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  C12P2203/00 ,  C13K1/02 ,  C13K11/00 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/30

Abstract: Some variations provide a process for producing cellulosic fructose from biomass, comprising: fractionating a biomass feedstock in the presence of an acid catalyst, a solvent for lignin, and water, to produce a liquor containing cellulose-rich solids, lignin, and dissolved hemicellulose; removing the cellulose-rich solids from the liquor; hydrolyzing the dissolved hemicellulose contained in the liquor, to produce a hydrolyzed liquor comprising hemicellulosic monomers; hydrolyzing the cellulose-rich solids to produce glucose, using cellulase enzymes or an acid or base hydrolysis catalyst; enzymatically isomerizing the glucose to fructose, using glucose isomerase enzymes; and recovering the fructose in purified form or in a fructose-glucose solution. The cellulosic fructose produced by the disclosed processes has many uses.

Abstract translation: 一些变体提供了用于从生物质生产纤维素果糖的方法，包括：在酸催化剂，木质素和水的溶剂存在下分解生物质原料，以产生含有富含纤维素的固体，木质素和溶解的半纤维素的液体; 从液体中除去富含纤维素的固体; 水解包含在液体中的溶解的半纤维素，以产生包含半纤维素单体的水解液; 使用纤维素酶或酸或碱水解催化剂水解富含纤维素的固体以产生葡萄糖; 使用葡萄糖异构酶酶将葡萄糖酶促异构化成果糖; 并回收纯化形式的果糖或果糖 - 葡萄糖溶液。 由所公开的方法生产的纤维素果糖具有许多用途。

公开(公告)号：US20150232580A1

公开(公告)日：2015-08-20

申请号：US14623853

申请日：2015-02-17

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Jean-Pierre MONCLIN ,  Ryan ZEBROSKI ,  Anastasios TRYPAKIS ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN

IPC: C08B15/00

CPC classification number: C08B15/00 ,  C08H8/00

Abstract: The disclosure provides a process for separating fermentation inhibitors from a biomass-derived hydrolysate, comprising: introducing a biomass-derived liquid hydrolysate stream to a stripping column; introducing a steam-rich vapor stream to the stripping column to strip fermentation inhibitors (such as acetic acid) from the liquid hydrolysate stream; recovering a stripped liquid stream and a stripper vapor output stream; compressing the stripper vapor output stream; introducing the compressed vapor stream, and a water-rich liquid stream, to an evaporator; recovering, from the evaporator, an evaporated liquid stream and an evaporator output vapor stream; and recycling the evaporator output vapor stream to the stripping column as the steam-rich vapor stream. Other variations utilize a rectification column to recover a rectified liquid stream and a rectification column vapor stream, and recycle the rectification column vapor stream to the stripping column as the steam-rich vapor stream.

Abstract translation: 本公开提供了从生物质衍生的水解产物中分离发酵抑制剂的方法，包括：将生物质衍生的液体水解产物流引入汽提塔; 将蒸汽蒸汽流引入汽提塔以从液体水解产物流中分离出发酵抑制剂（如乙酸）; 回收剥离的液体流和汽提蒸气输出流; 压缩汽提蒸汽输出流; 将压缩蒸汽流和富水液体流引入蒸发器; 从蒸发器中回收蒸发的液体流和蒸发器输出蒸气流; 并将蒸发器输出蒸气流循环到汽提塔作为富蒸气蒸气流。 其他变化使用精馏塔来回收精馏液流和精馏塔蒸气流，并将精馏塔蒸气流作为富蒸气流再循环至汽提塔。

公开(公告)号：US20140170713A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-19

申请号：US14077308

申请日：2013-11-12

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN

IPC: C13K1/02 ,  D21C3/06 ,  C12P19/14

CPC classification number: C13K1/02 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  D21C3/06

Abstract: Aspects of the AVAP® and Green Power+® technologies may be integrated, as disclosed herein. The present invention, in some variations, couples a first step of steam or hot-water extraction of biomass, with fractionation of the resulting solids using sulfur dioxide (or other acid), an alcohol (or other solvent), and water. In other variations, a first step of fractionation with sulfur dioxide (or other acid), an alcohol (or other solvent), and water is followed by treatment with steam or hot water to reduce hemicellulose content of the final solids. Some embodiments provide cellulose materials with low lignin and low hemicellulose content. Such cellulose materials are useful for making glucose by hydrolysis, as a pulp product, or as purified cellulose for making cellulose derivatives.

Abstract translation: 可以集成AVAP®和Green Power +®技术的各个方面，如本文所述。 在一些变型中，本发明使用二氧化硫（或其它酸），醇（或其它溶剂）和水分离得到的固体的第一级蒸汽或热水提取生物质。 在其它变型中，用二氧化硫（或其它酸），醇（或其它溶剂）和水分级的第一步骤之后，用蒸汽或热水处理以降低最终固体的半纤维素含量。 一些实施方案提供具有低木质素和低半纤维素含量的纤维素材料。 这样的纤维素材料可用于通过水解制造葡​​萄糖，作为纸浆产品，或用作制备纤维素衍生物的纯化纤维素。

公开(公告)号：US20140163210A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-12

申请号：US14066534

申请日：2013-10-29

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN ,  Kimberly NELSON ,  Mark SZCZEPANIK

IPC: C08B1/00 ,  C07G1/00 ,  C13K1/00

CPC classification number: C07G1/00 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C13K1/00 ,  C13K1/02 ,  C13K1/04 ,  C13K13/00 ,  Y02E50/343

Abstract: The present invention generally provides methods of improving lignin separation during biomass fractionation with an acid to release sugars and a solvent for lignin (such as ethanol). In some embodiments, a digestor is employed to fractionating a feedstock in the presence of a solvent for lignin, sulfur dioxide, and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, and lignin. A solid additive is added to the digestor, wherein the solid additive combines with at least a portion of the lignin. Then a mixture of lignin and the solid additive is separated from the liquor, prior to hemicellulose recovery. Optionally, a solid additive may also be introduced to a hydrolysis reactor for converting hemicellulose oligomers to monomers, to improve separation of acid-catalyzed lignin. In some embodiments, the solid additive is gypsum or a gypsum/lignin mixture.

Abstract translation: 本发明通常提供在用酸释放糖和用于木质素（例如乙醇）的溶剂的生物质分馏过程中改善木质素分离的方法。 在一些实施方案中，消化剂用于在木素，二氧化硫和水的溶剂存在下分馏原料，以产生含有半纤维素，富含纤维素的固体和木质素的液体。 将固体添加剂加入到消化器中，其中固体添加剂与至少一部分木质素结合。 然后在半纤维素回收之前将木质素和固体添加剂的混合物与液体分离。 任选地，也可以将固体添加剂引入水解反应器以将半纤维素低聚物转化为单体，以改善酸催化的木质素的分离。 在一些实施方案中，固体添加剂是石膏或石膏/木质素混合物。

公开(公告)号：US20140154757A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-05

申请号：US14092910

申请日：2013-11-27

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Kimberly NELSON ,  Theodora RETSINA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN ,  Ryan O'CONNOR

IPC: D21C5/00

CPC classification number: C08B15/08 ,  C07G1/00 ,  C08B15/00 ,  C08B15/02 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C08L1/02 ,  C12P7/04 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P7/14 ,  C12P7/16 ,  C12P7/28 ,  C12P7/46 ,  C12P7/56 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  C12P2203/00 ,  C13K1/02 ,  D21C3/04 ,  D21C3/06 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C5/00 ,  D21C5/005 ,  D21C9/002 ,  D21C9/007 ,  D21C9/10 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  D21H11/18 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02P40/44

Abstract: Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with surprisingly low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. The nanocellulose material may include nanofibrillated cellulose, nanocrystalline cellulose, or both. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose material is hydrophobic via deposition of some lignin onto the cellulose surface. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the nanocellulose to form completely renewable composites.

Abstract translation: 所公开的方法能够将生物质转化成具有惊人的低机械能输入的高结晶度纳米纤维素。 在一些变型中，该方法包括用酸（例如二氧化硫），溶剂（例如乙醇）和水分解生物质，以产生富含纤维素的固体和含有半纤维素和木质素的液体; 并机械处理富含纤维素的固体以形成纳米原纤维和/或纳米晶体。 总机械能可能小于500千瓦时/吨。 纳米纤维素材料的结晶度可以为80％以上，转化为复合材料的良好的增强性能。 纳米纤维素材料可以包括纳米纤维化纤维素，纳米晶纤维素或两者。 在一些实施方案中，通过将一些木质素沉积在纤维素表面上，纳米纤维素材料是疏水的。 任选地，衍生自无定形纤维素和半纤维素的糖可以单独发酵，例如用于各种聚合物的单体。 这些聚合物可与纳米纤维素结合形成完全可再生的复合材料。

公开(公告)号：US20140106426A1

公开(公告)日：2014-04-17

申请号：US14048068

申请日：2013-10-08

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN

IPC: C07G1/00

CPC classification number: C07G1/00 ,  C12P7/04 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  D21C3/06 ,  D21C3/20

Abstract: A method for the production water insoluble reactive lignin having low sulfur content and lignosulfonates from lignocellulosic material in a batch or continuous process. Lignocellulosic material is fractionated to produce water insoluble native lignin and lignosulfonates in various ratios, while preserving the cellulose and hydrolyzed hemicelluloses using water, ethanol and sulfur dioxide.

Abstract translation: 在批次或连续方法中生产具有低硫含量的水不溶性反应性木质素和来自木质纤维素材料的木质素磺酸盐的方法。 将木质纤维素材料分馏以产生不同比例的不溶于水的天然木质素和木质素磺酸盐，同时使用水，乙醇和二氧化硫保存纤维素和水解的半纤维素。

公开(公告)号：US20140096922A1

公开(公告)日：2014-04-10

申请号：US14044784

申请日：2013-10-02

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN ,  Steven R. RUTHERFORD

IPC: D21C3/26

CPC classification number: D21C3/22 ,  C08B1/00 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P7/16 ,  C12P7/54 ,  C12P7/56 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C13K1/02 ,  D21B1/02 ,  D21B1/021 ,  D21C1/02 ,  D21C3/02 ,  D21C3/08 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C3/222 ,  D21C3/26 ,  D21C9/02 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  D21H11/00

Abstract: The GreenBox+ technology is suitable to extract hemicellulose sugars prior to pulping of biomass into pulp products. The revenue obtainable from the sugar stream can significantly improve the economics of a pulp and paper mill. An initial extraction and recovery of sugars is followed by production of a pulp product with similar or better properties. Other co-products such as acetates and furfural are also possible. Some variations provide a process for co-producing pulp and hemicellulosic sugars from biomass, comprising: digesting the biomass in the presence of steam and/or hot water to extract hemicellulose into a liquid phase; washing the extracted solids, thereby generating a liquid wash filtrate and washed solids; separating the liquid wash filtrate from the washed solids; refining the washed solids at a refining pH of about 4 or higher, thereby generating pulp; and hydrolyzing the hemicellulose to generate hemicellulosic fermentable sugars.

Abstract translation: GreenBox +技术适用于在将生物量制浆成纸浆产品之前提取半纤维素糖。 从糖流中获得的收入可以显着提高纸浆和造纸厂的经济性。 首先提取和回收糖，然后生产具有相似或更好性质的纸浆产品。 其他共同产品如乙酸盐和糠醛也是可能的。 一些变化提供了从生物质共同生产纸浆和半纤维素糖的方法，其包括：在蒸汽和/或热水存在下消化生物质以将半纤维素提取到液相中; 洗涤提取的固体，从而产生液体洗涤滤液并洗涤固体; 从洗涤的固体中分离液体洗涤滤液; 在约4或更高的精炼pH下精制洗涤的固体，从而产生纸浆; 并水解半纤维素以产生半纤维素可发酵糖。