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    PROCESSES FOR CONSUMING ACETIC ACID DURING FERMENTATION OF CELLULOSIC SUGARS, AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM
    5.
    发明申请
    PROCESSES FOR CONSUMING ACETIC ACID DURING FERMENTATION OF CELLULOSIC SUGARS, AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM 审中-公开
    糖尿病发酵过程中消耗醋酸的方法及其生产的产品

    公开(公告)号：US20160281117A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-09-29

    申请号：US15082826

    申请日：2016-03-28

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  David GLASSNER ,  Ryan O'CONNOR

    IPC: C12P7/64 ,  C12P7/10

    CPC classification number: C12P7/64 ,  C12F3/04 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P7/54 ,  C12P19/02 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02E50/17

    Abstract: This invention provides a way to deal with acetic acid derived from biomass, for fermentation of cellulosic sugars. In some variations, a process for producing ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass comprises: extracting hemicelluloses and acetic acid from lignocellulosic biomass; hydrolyzing the hemicelluloses, using an acid catalyst or enzymes, to generate hemicellulose monomers and more acetic acid; fermenting acetic acid to lipids using a suitable lipid-producing microorganism, thereby reducing acetic acid concentration; fermenting hemicellulose monomers to ethanol using a suitable ethanol-producing microorganism; and recovering the ethanol. The co-fermentation of acetic acid and sugars may be carried out in a single fermentor or in separate fermentors. The invention may be applied to fermentation products other than ethanol. In some embodiments, the fermentation product can act as an extraction solvent to extract lipids from the lipid-producing microorganism, such as a lipid-producing yeast.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种处理来自生物质的乙酸，用于发酵纤维素糖的方法。 在一些变型中，从木质纤维素生物质生产乙醇的方法包括：从木质纤维素生物质中提取半纤维素和乙酸; 使用酸催化剂或酶水解半纤维素以产生半纤维素单体和更多的乙酸; 使用合适的产生脂质的微生物将乙酸发酵至脂质，从而降低乙酸浓度; 使用合适的乙醇生产微生物将半纤维素单体发酵成乙醇; 并回收乙醇。 乙酸和糖的共发酵可以在单个发酵罐中或在单独的发酵罐中进行。 本发明可以应用于乙醇以外的发酵产物。 在一些实施方案中，发酵产物可以起提取溶剂的作用，从产生脂质的微生物如脂质生产酵母提取脂质。

    PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR REFINING SUGARCANE TO PRODUCE SUGARS, BIOFUELS, AND/OR BIOCHEMICALS
    6.
    发明申请
    PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR REFINING SUGARCANE TO PRODUCE SUGARS, BIOFUELS, AND/OR BIOCHEMICALS 有权
    炼制苏格兰生产糖，生物和/或生物化学的工艺和设备

    公开(公告)号：US20150079639A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-03-19

    申请号：US14487070

    申请日：2014-09-15

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Ryan O'CONNOR

    IPC: C13K13/00 ,  C12P7/06 ,  F23G7/10 ,  C13B20/00 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C13B35/08

    CPC classification number: C13K13/00 ,  C12P7/06 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  C13B20/002 ,  C13B35/08 ,  C13K1/02 ,  F23G7/10 ,  Y02E50/17

    Abstract: Conventionally, sugarcane processing avoids leaving residual sucrose in the bagasse, since the bagasse will be burned and the value of the sucrose would be lost. However, when coupled with a Green Power+® process to extract hemicelluloses, sucrose may also be extracted and recovered from the bagasse. In some variations, a process includes mechanically treating a feedstock to generate a sucrose-rich stream and lignocellulosic material that intentionally retains a significant amount of the initial sucrose in the feedstock; extracting the lignocellulosic material with steam and/or hot water to produce cellulose-rich solids and an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers and sucrose; and then hydrolyzing the hemicellulosic oligomers into a hemicellulose sugar stream. Each of the sucrose-rich stream and the hemicellulose sugar stream (containing the starting residual sucrose) may be recovered or further processed (e.g., fermented to ethanol). Similar processes are possible with energy cane, sugar beets, and energy beets.

    Abstract translation: 通常，甘蔗加工避免了将蔗糖残留在甘蔗渣中，因为甘蔗渣将被燃烧并且蔗糖的值将丢失。 然而，当与Green Power +工艺一起提取半纤维素时，蔗糖也可以从蔗渣中提取和回收。 在一些变型中，方法包括机械处理原料以产生富含蔗糖的料流和有意地在原料中保留大量初始蔗糖的木质纤维素材料; 用蒸汽和/或热水提取木质纤维素材料以产生富含纤维素的固体和含有半纤维素低聚物和蔗糖的提取液; 然后将半纤维素低聚物水解成半纤维素糖流。 可以回收或进一步处理每种富含蔗糖的料流和半纤维素糖料流（含有起始残留的蔗糖）（例如发酵成乙醇）。 类似的过程可能与能量甘蔗，甜菜和能量甜菜。

    PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FURFURAL, LEVULINIC ACID, AND OTHER SUGAR-DERIVED PRODUCTS FROM BIOMASS
    7.
    发明申请
    PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FURFURAL, LEVULINIC ACID, AND OTHER SUGAR-DERIVED PRODUCTS FROM BIOMASS 审中-公开
    用于从生物量生产糠醛，橄榄酸和其他衍生产品的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20140186903A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-07-03

    申请号：US14083115

    申请日：2013-11-18

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN ,  Kimberly NELSON ,  Ryan O'CONNOR

    IPC: C07C51/09 ,  C12P17/04 ,  C07D307/50 ,  C12P7/40

    CPC classification number: C07D307/50 ,  C07C51/09 ,  C07C51/16 ,  C12P7/40 ,  C12P17/04 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  C07C59/76 ,  C07C53/02

    Abstract: In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and/or levulinic acid from cellulosic biomass, comprising: fractionating the feedstock in the presence of a solvent for lignin, sulfur dioxide, and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, and lignin; hydrolyzing the hemicellulose contained in the liquor, to produce hemicellulosic monomers; dehydrating the hemicellulose to convert at least a portion of C5 hemicelluloses to furfural and to convert at least a portion of C6 hemicelluloses to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; converting at least some of the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to levulinic acid and formic acid; and recovering at least one of the furfural, the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, or the levulinic acid. Other embodiments provide a process for dehydrating hemicellulose to convert oligomeric C5 hemicelluloses to furfural and to convert oligomeric C6 hemicelluloses to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. The furfural may be converted to succinic acid, or to levulinic acid, for example.

    Abstract translation: 在一些变型中，本发明提供了一种从纤维素生物质产生糠醛，5-羟甲基糠醛和/或乙酰丙酸的方法，包括：在木素，二氧化硫和水的溶剂存在下，将原料分馏，以产生液体 含有半纤维素，富含纤维素的固体和木质素; 水解液体中所含的半纤维素，以产生半纤维素单体; 使半纤维素脱水以将至少一部分C5半纤维素转化为糠醛并将至少一部分C6半纤维素转化为5-羟甲基糠醛; 将至少一些5-羟甲基糠醛转化成乙酰丙酸和甲酸; 并回收至少一种糠醛，5-羟甲基糠醛或乙酰丙酸。 其它实施方案提供了使半纤维素脱水以将低聚C5半纤维素转化为糠醛并将低聚C6半纤维素转化为5-羟甲基糠醛的方法。 例如，糠醛可以转化为琥珀酸或乙酰丙酸。

    PROCESSES FOR MAKING CELLULOSE WITH VERY LOW LIGNIN CONTENT FOR GLUCOSE, HIGH-PURITY CELLULOSE, OR CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES
    8.
    发明申请
    PROCESSES FOR MAKING CELLULOSE WITH VERY LOW LIGNIN CONTENT FOR GLUCOSE, HIGH-PURITY CELLULOSE, OR CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES 审中-公开
    用于制造葡萄糖，高纯度纤维素或纤维素衍生物的非常低的木质素含量的纤维素的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20140182582A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-07-03

    申请号：US14141415

    申请日：2013-12-26

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN ,  Ryan O'CONNOR

    IPC: C08B15/00 ,  C13K1/02

    CPC classification number: C13K1/02 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H8/00

    Abstract: In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing purified cellulose, comprising: providing a feedstock comprising lignocellulosic biomass; contacting the feedstock with sulfur dioxide, water, and a solvent for lignin, to produce intermediate solids and a liquid phase comprising hemicelluloses and lignin; mildly bleaching the intermediate solids to further delignify the intermediate solids, thereby generating cellulose-rich solids; and washing the cellulose-rich solids to generate purified cellulose with less than 2 weight percent lignin. The bleaching may employ bleaching agents including lignin-modifying enzymes. The bleaching and washing steps may be combined. It is also possible to carry out bleaching prior to, or simultaneously with, biomass fractionation in the digestor, which may help reduce downstream lignin precipitation. The purified cellulose may be utilized for making cellulose materials or cellulose derivatives, or for hydrolysis to produce glucose.

    Abstract translation: 在一些变型中，本发明提供了一种生产纯化纤维素的方法，包括：提供包含木质纤维素生物质的原料; 使原料与二氧化硫，水和木质素溶剂接触，以产生中间体固体和包含半纤维素和木质素的液相; 轻度漂白中间体固体以进一步脱木质中间体固体，从而产生富含纤维素的固体; 并洗涤富含纤维素的固体以产生具有小于2重量％木质素的纯化纤维素。 漂白剂可以使用漂白剂，包括木质素修饰酶。 漂白和洗涤步骤可以组合。 也可以在消化器之前或同时进行漂白，这可有助于减少下游的木质素沉淀。 纯化的纤维素可用于制备纤维素材料或纤维素衍生物，或用于水解产生葡萄糖。

    PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING ENERGY-DENSE BIOMASS AND SUGARS OR SUGAR DERIVATIVES, BY INTEGRATED HYDROLYSIS AND TORREFACTION
    9.
    发明申请
    PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING ENERGY-DENSE BIOMASS AND SUGARS OR SUGAR DERIVATIVES, BY INTEGRATED HYDROLYSIS AND TORREFACTION 审中-公开
    通过综合水解和转化生产能量密度生物量和糖或糖衍生物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20130295628A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-11-07

    申请号：US13874761

    申请日：2013-05-01

    Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

    Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN ,  Ryan O'CONNOR

    IPC: C08B1/00 ,  C13K13/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  C10L5/44

    CPC classification number: C08B1/003 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C10L5/40 ,  C10L5/44 ,  C10L9/083 ,  C10L2290/02 ,  C10L2290/04 ,  C10L2290/26 ,  C10L2290/28 ,  C10L2290/30 ,  C10L2290/544 ,  C13K1/02 ,  C13K13/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/15 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02E50/30

    Abstract: This invention provides processes to convert biomass into energy-dense biomass for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. In some variations, biomass is extracted to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers and cellulose-rich solids; hemicellulosic oligomers are removed; and the cellulose-rich solids are torrefied to produce energy-dense biomass. In some embodiments, hydrotorrefaction is employed to produce hydrophobic, energy-dense biomass in an energy-efficient process that avoids intermediate drying between extraction/hydrolysis and torrefaction. The energy-dense biomass may be pelletized or directly combusted or gasified. The hemicellulosic oligomers may be hydrolyzed to fermentable sugars and then fermented to ethanol or other products, or further reacted to produce furfural or other products.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了将生物质转化为能量密集生物质用于燃烧的方法，单独或与另一种固体燃料组合。 在一些变型中，提取生物质以产生含有半纤维素低聚物和富含纤维素的固体的提取液; 去除半纤维素低聚物; 并且富含纤维素的固体被焙烧以产生能量密集的生物质。 在一些实施方案中，采用水力反应在能量有效的方法中产生疏水的，能量密集的生物质，其避免了萃取/水解和烘焙之间的中间干燥。 能量密度的生物质可以被造粒或直接燃烧或气化。 半纤维素低聚物可以水解成可发酵糖，然后发酵成乙醇或其他产物，或进一步反应生成糠醛或其它产物。

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