Abstract:
A CATALYTIC COMPOSITE COMPRISING COMBINATION OF CATALYTICALLY EFFECTIVE AMOUNTS OF A PLATINUM GROUP COMPONENT, A TIN COMPONENT AND A GERMANIUM COMPONENT WITH A POROUS CARRIER MATERIAL IS DISCLOSED. THE PRINCIPAL UTILITY OF THIS COMPOSITE IS IN THE CONVERSION OF HYDROCARBONS, PARTICULARLY IN THE REFORMING OF A GASOLINE FRACTION. A SPECIFIC EXAMPLE OF THE DISCLOSED CATALYTIC COMPOSITE IS A COMBINATION OF CATALYTICALLY EFFECTIVE AMOUNTS OF A PLATINUM COMPONENT, A TIN COMPONENT, A GERMANIUM COMPONENT AND A HALOGEN COMPONENT WITH AN ALUMINA CARRIER MATERIAL.
Abstract:
A hydrocracking catalyst comprising an amorphous aluminosilicate cracking component having a silica-to-alumina weight ratio from 30:70 to 95:5, 0.005 to 2.0 weight percent, based on said cracking component and calculated as the metal, of a hydrogenating component selected from platinum and compounds thereof, palladium and compounds thereof, and iridium and compounds thereof, 0.005 to 2.0 weight percent, based on said cracking component and calculated as the metal, of a hydrogenating component selected from rhenium and compounds thereof, and 0.0 to 5.0 weight percent, based on said cracking component and calculated as fluorine, of fluorine or a compound thereof, and processes using said catalyst.
Abstract:
A CATALYTIC COMPOSITE, COMPRISING A COMBINATION OF A PLATINUM GROUP COMPONENT, A GERMANIUM COMPONENT, AND A HALOGEN COMPONENT WITH A POROUS CARRIER MATERIAL IN AMOUNTS SUFFICIENT TO RESULT IN THE COMPOSITE CONTAINING, ON AN ELEMENTAL BASIS, ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 2.0 WT. PERCENT OF THE PLATINUM GROUP METAL, ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 5.0 WT. PERCENT GERMANIUM, AND ABOUT 0.5 TO ABOUT 3.5 WT. PERCENT HALOGEN, IS DISCLOSED. KEY FEATURE OF THE SUBJECT COMPOSITE IS THE USE OF THE GERMANIUM COMPONENT, WHICH IS PREPARED AND MAINTAINED IN AN OXIDATION STATE ABOVE THAT OF THE ELEMENTAL METAL, TO PROMOTE THE PLATINUM GROUP COMPONENT. THE PRINCIPAL UTILITY OF THE SUBJECT COMPOSITE IS IN THE CONVERSION OF HYDROCARBONS, PARTICULARLY IN THE REFORMING OF A GASOLINE FRACTION. A SPECIFIC EXAMPLE OF THE CATALYST DISCLOSED IS A COMBINATION OF PLATINUM, GERMANIUM OXIDE, AND CHLORIDE WITH AN ALUMINA CARRIER MATERIAL IN AMOUNTS SUFFICIENT TO RESULT IN THE COMPOSITE CONTAINING, ON AN ELEMENTAL BASIS, ABOUT 0.05 TO ABOUT 1.0 WT. PERCENT PLATINUM, ABOUT 0.05 TO ABOUT 2.0 WT. PERCENT GERMANIUM, AND ABOUT 0.6 TO ABOUT 1.2 WT. PERCENT CHLORINE.
Abstract:
CATALYST COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING A CATALYTIC AMOUNT OF A PLATINUM METAL DEPOSITED ON CARBON CO-CATALYST IN CATALYTIC AMOUNT CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF CARBON HAVING A BOUND ACTIVITY OF AT LEAST ABOUT 0.4 MILLIEQUIVALENT PER GRAM. THE COMPOSITION CATALYZES THE FORMATION OF IMINES, PARTICULARLY IN A PROCESS OF REDUCTIVE ALKYLATION.
Abstract:
A CATALYST COMPOSITION IS MADE HAVING A PLATINUM GROUP METAL AND A FILM OF CATALYTICALLY ACTIVE METAL OXIDE SUPPORTED ON AN INERT, SUBSTANTIALLY CATALYTICALLY INACTIVE REFRACTORY SUPPORT WHICH EXHIBITS A POROSITY OF AT LEAST 0.03 CC./GM., SAY 0.1 TO 0.3 CC./GM., AND A SUBSTANTIAL WATER PORE VOLUME. THERE ARE UNOBSTRUCTED OPENINGS OR CHANNELS GOING THROUGH THE SUPPORT THROUGH WHICH PASS THE CHEMICAL MATERIALS CONVERTED BY THE CATALYST, E.G. AUTOMOBILE EXHAUST GASES AND OXYGEN, DURING ITS USE. CALCINED ALUMINA IS A SUITABLE FILM OR CATALYTICALLY ACTIVE METAL OXIDE AND ALPHA-ALUMINA AND ZIRCON-MULLITE CAN BE USED AS SUPPORTS. THE SUPPORT IS MAINLY CRYSTALLINE AND CAN HAVE A MACROPORE DISTRIBUTION SUCH THAT OVE 95% OF THE PORE VOLUME IN IS PORES HAVING A DIAMETER OF OVER 2,000 A. AND OVER 5% OF THE PORE VOLUME IS IN PORES HAVING A DIAMETER OF OVER 20,000 A. ONE WAY OF MAKING THE CATALYST IS TO DEPOSIT THE FILM ON THE SUPPORT AND THEN IMPREGNATE THE FILM WITH THE PLATINUM GROUP METAL. THE PLATINUM GROUP METAL CAN BE FIXED ON THE SUPPORT BY TREATMENT WITH, FOR INSTANCE, HYDROGEN SULFIDE. AS A FINAL PREPARATION STEP THE CATALYST CAN BE CALCINED.