公开(公告)号：US5580291A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-03

申请号：US493737

申请日：1995-06-22

Applicant: Thomas Redel ,  Clemens Fiebiger

Inventor： Thomas Redel ,  Clemens Fiebiger

IPC: C23C14/24 ,  C23C14/14 ,  C23C14/58 ,  H01J1/14 ,  H01J1/146 ,  H01J9/04 ,  H01J35/06

CPC classification number: C23C14/5806 ,  C23C14/14 ,  C23C14/58 ,  C23C14/5893 ,  H01J1/146 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J9/042

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a glow cathode for an electron tube, a layer of an alloy, such as iridium-lanthanum (Ir.sub.2 La), is produced on a substrate by coating the substrate, such as in a number of layers, with the components of the alloy by deposition from the vapor phase, such that the components of the alloy are present in the stoichiometrically correct ratio on the substrate, and in that the substrate is heated for a time duration adequate for alloy formation to a temperature that is lower than the melting temperature of the phase of the alloy having the lowest melting point.

Abstract translation: 在制造电子管用辉光阴极的方法中，通过将基板例如多层涂布，在基板上制造铱 - 镧（Ir2La）等合金层，其成分为 该合金通过从气相沉积，使得合金的组分以化学计量正确的比率存在于基底上，并且将基底加热足够的时间以使合金形成至低于 具有最低熔点的合金的相的熔融温度。

公开(公告)号：US5515413A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-07

申请号：US311989

申请日：1994-09-26

Applicant: Bruce A. Knudsen ,  Clyde L. Briant

Inventor： Bruce A. Knudsen ,  Clyde L. Briant

IPC: H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/14

CPC classification number: H01J35/06

Abstract: An improved high performance x-ray system, having an improved cathode cup assembly which provides reduced tube manufacturing costs and reduces failures due to filament misalignment or sagging of the filament during both the manufacturing process and during operation, is disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种改进的高性能x射线系统，其具有改进的阴极杯组件，其提供减少的管制造成本并且减少由于在制造过程中和在操作期间灯丝未对准或灯丝松弛而引起的故障。

公开(公告)号：US5305363A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-19

申请号：US863182

申请日：1992-04-03

Applicant: James E. Burke ,  Lester Miller ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Carl J. Brunnett ,  Theodore A. Resnick

Inventor： James E. Burke ,  Lester Miller ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Carl J. Brunnett ,  Theodore A. Resnick

IPC: A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/03 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52 ,  H05G1/60 ,  H05G1/66

CPC classification number: A61B6/035 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/405 ,  A61B6/4275 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/482 ,  A61B6/56 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/165 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52 ,  H05G1/60 ,  H05G1/66 ,  H01J2235/162 ,  H05G1/025

Abstract: A toroidal x-ray tube (I) is supported (II) for rotation about a horizontal axis (170), translation along a vertical axis (172), and translation along a horizontal axis (174). The x-ray tube includes a toroidal housing (A), an annular anode (B), and a cathode (0) which rotates a beam of electrons around the annular anode. A plurality of parallel connected voltage sources (90.sub.1, 90.sub.2, . . . , 90.sub.n) provide a sufficiently high bias voltage between the electron source and the anode that x-rays are generated. The x-ray beam passes through a compensator crystal (62), an annular window (20), a collimator (132), through a subject received in a central bore (26) of the x-ray tube, and impacts an arc segment of radiation detectors (130). The x-ray detectors are stationarily mounted outside of the plane of the annular window (FIGS. 2 and 7), nutate into the plane of the windows opposite of the origin of the x-ray beam (FIG. 6 ), rotate in part (FIG. 9 ) or rotate in full (FIG. 8 ) Angular position monitors (58, 154) determine the angular position of the cathode assembly, hence the x-ray beam, and the angular position of the detectors in the rotating detector embodiment.

Abstract translation: 环形X射线管（I）被支撑（II），用于围绕水平轴线（170）旋转，沿着垂直轴线（172）平移并且沿着水平轴线（174）平移。 X射线管包括环形壳体（A），环形阳极（B）和使电子束围绕环形阳极旋转的阴极（0）。 多个并联的电压源（901,902，...，90n）在产生x射线的电子源和阳极之间提供足够高的偏置电压。 x射线束穿过受体在X射线管的中心孔（26）中的受试者通过补偿晶体（62），环形窗（20），准直器（132），并且撞击弧段 的辐射探测器（130）。 X射线检测器固定地安装在环形窗的平面外（图2和7），并且朝向与X射线束原点相反的窗口的平面（图6）中，部分旋转 （图9）或完全旋转（图8）角位置监视器（58,154）确定阴极组件的角度位置，因此确定旋转检测器实施例中的X射线束和检测器的角位置 。

公开(公告)号：US5303281A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-12

申请号：US910932

申请日：1992-07-09

Applicant: Thomas J. Koller ,  Robert C. Treseder

Inventor： Thomas J. Koller ,  Robert C. Treseder

IPC: H01J35/06

CPC classification number: H01J35/06 ,  H01J2235/068

Abstract: A mammography X-ray tube providing increased X-ray intensity for shortening patient exposure times to eliminate motion artifacts. The cathode design permits superpositioning of electron beam from multiple filaments.

Abstract translation: 提供增加的X射线强度的乳房摄影X射线管，以缩短患者暴露时间以消除运动伪像。 阴极设计允许来自多根细丝的电子束的叠加。

公开(公告)号：US5291538A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-01

申请号：US72400

申请日：1993-06-03

Applicant: James E. Burke ,  Lester Miller ,  Salvatore G. Perno

Inventor： James E. Burke ,  Lester Miller ,  Salvatore G. Perno

IPC: H01J35/26 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H01J35/04

CPC classification number: H05G1/34 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H01J2235/162

Abstract: An evacuated envelope (C) which is connected with an anode (A), has a cathode assembly (B) rotatably mounted inside. Magnets (44, 46) hold the cathode assembly stationary as the anode and envelope rotate. A ferrite core transformer (60) includes a ferrite core primary (66) stationarily mounted exterior to the envelope. A secondary (64) is mounted to the cathode assembly interior to the envelope. The secondary winding includes a ferrite core (70), a portion of which is surrounded by a ceramic, dielectric bobbin (76). The bobbin includes walls or ridges (78) which define a spiral groove (80) therearound in which an uninsulated electric wire (82) is received. The uninsulated electric wire is connected with a cathode filament (52). The primary winding has a ferrite core (90) that has about five times the cross section as the secondary ferrite core to compensate for a low, about 20%, coupling efficiency between the primary and secondary windings. Preferably, the primary winding core tapers (94) adjacent its pole faces to focus magnetic flux toward pole faces (72, 74) of the secondary ferrite core.

Abstract translation: 与阳极（A）连接的真空外壳（C）具有可旋转地安装在内部的阴极组件（B）。 当阳极和外壳旋转时，磁体（44,46）将阴极组件固定住。 铁氧体磁芯变压器（60）包括固定在信封外部的铁氧体磁芯初级（66）。 次级（64）安装到阴极组件内部的信封。 次级绕组包括铁氧体磁芯（70），其一部分被陶瓷介质绕组（76）包围。 线轴包括限定在其周围的螺旋槽（80）的壁或脊（78），其中接收未绝缘的电线（82）。 非绝缘电线与阴极灯丝（52）连接。 初级绕组具有铁氧体磁芯（90），其具有作为次级铁氧体磁心的约5倍的横截面以补偿初级和次级绕组之间的低约20％的耦合效率。 优选地，初级绕组芯在其极面附近逐渐变细（94），以将磁通聚焦到次级铁氧体磁芯的极面（72,74）。

公开(公告)号：US5268955A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-07

申请号：US862805

申请日：1992-04-08

Applicant: James E. Burke ,  Lester Miller

Inventor： James E. Burke ,  Lester Miller

IPC: H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H01J35/26 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52 ,  H05G1/66 ,  H01J35/04

CPC classification number: H01J35/045 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/165 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H05G1/025 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52 ,  H05G1/66 ,  H01J2235/162

Abstract: A toroidal x-ray tube housing (A) has an evacuated interior. An annular anode (B) is connected with the housing closely adjacent the window such that a cooling fluid passage (12) is defined in intimate thermal communication with the anode. A cathode assembly (32) is mounted within the evacuated housing or an annular ring (30) that rotates an electron beam (22) around the large diameter annular anode. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the annular ring is magnetically levitated (40) and rotated by a motor (50). A collimator (62) and filter (64) are rotated with the cathode assembly closely adjacent an electron emitter or cathode cup (32) such that the generated x-rays are collimated and filtered within the x-ray tube. Preferably, a plurality of cathode cups (120) are provided, whose operation is selected by a series of magnetically controlled switches (76). The cathode cup is insulated (106) from the annular ring and isolated by a transformer (104, 112) from the filament current control switches. In the embodiment of FIGS. 4-6, the cathode assembly (C) includes a multiplicity of stationarily mounted electron cups (120) which are selectively actuated to rotate the electrode beam by a switch (130). An electron beam scan control (134) may bias the potential applied to grids (124, 126) to scan the electron beam generated by electron emitter over a commensurate arc length of the anode with the arc length of the emitter. In the embodiment of FIG. 7 , multiple anode surface as well as multiple cathode cups are provided.

Abstract translation: 环形X射线管外壳（A）具有抽真空的内部。 环形阳极（B）与壳体紧邻窗口连接，使得冷却流体通道（12）被定义成与阳极紧密热连通。 阴极组件（32）安装在抽真空壳体内，或环形环（30），其围绕大直径环形阳极旋转电子束（22）。 在图1和图2的实施例中 如图1和图2所示，环形环被磁悬浮（40）并由电动机（50）旋转。 准直器（62）和过滤器（64）随着阴极组件靠近电子发射器或阴极杯（32）而旋转，使得所产生的x射线在x射线管内被准直和过滤。 优选地，提供多个阴极杯（120），其操作由一系列磁控开关（76）选择。 阴极杯与环形环绝缘（106），并与灯丝电流控制开关的变压器（104,112）隔离。 在图1和图2的实施例中 如图4-6所示，阴极组件（C）包括多个固定安装的电子杯（120），其被选择性地致动以通过开关（130）旋转电极束。 电子束扫描控制（134）可以偏置施加到栅极（124,126）上的电位，以扫描由电子发射器产生的与发射极的电弧长度相当的阳极长度的电子束。 在图1的实施例中 如图7所示，提供多个阳极表面以及多个阴极杯。

公开(公告)号：US5077777A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-31

申请号：US546893

申请日：1990-07-02

Applicant: Richard H. Daly

Inventor： Richard H. Daly

IPC: H01J3/02 ,  H01J35/06

CPC classification number: H01J35/06 ,  H01J3/027

Abstract: A microfocus X-ray tube having an improved cathode assembly including a filament mounting disk for adjustably mounting a flat ribbon filament or a round wire filament such that the filament extends through an aperture in a focal plane disk which provides a uniform focusing field to the filament as well as a uniform heat sink surface.

Abstract translation: 一种具有改进的阴极组件的微焦点X射线管，其包括用于可调节地安装扁平丝带丝或圆丝丝的灯丝安装盘，使得灯丝延伸穿过聚焦平面盘中的孔，其向灯丝提供均匀的聚焦场 以及均匀的散热器表面。

公开(公告)号：US5014289A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-07

申请号：US316475

申请日：1989-02-27

Applicant: Dietmar E. Rothe

Inventor： Dietmar E. Rothe

IPC: H01J35/04 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H01S3/0971

CPC classification number: H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/04 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H01S3/09716

Abstract: This invention is directed to rugged, reliable, and long-life electrodes for use in large-area, high-current-density electron gun and x-ray generators which are employed as contamination-free preionizers for high-energy pulsed gas lasers. The electron source at the cathode is a corona plasma formed at the interface between a conductor, or semiconductor, and a high-permittivity dielectric. Detailed descriptions are provided of a reliable cold plasma cathode, as well as an efficient liquid-cooled electron beam target (anode) and x-ray generator which concentrates the x-ray flux in the direction of an x-ray window.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于大面积，高电流密度电子枪和x射线发生器的坚固，可靠和长寿命的电极，其被用作用于高能量脉冲气体激光器的无污染前置电位器。 阴极处的电子源是在导体或半导体与高电容率电介质之间的界面处形成的电晕等离子体。 提供了可靠的冷等离子体阴极的详细描述，以及将x射线通量集中在x射线窗口的方向上的有效的液体冷却电子束靶（阳极）和x射线发生器。

公开(公告)号：US5008917A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-16

申请号：US433060

申请日：1989-11-06

Applicant: Rolf Behling ,  Wolfgang Koster

Inventor： Rolf Behling ,  Wolfgang Koster

IPC: H05G1/00 ,  H01J35/06

CPC classification number: H01J35/06

Abstract: An anode and a cathode are in an evacuated metal envelope comprising a radiation exit window and which carry a positive and a negative high voltage, respectively, with respect thereto during operation. The cathode, at its area which neighbors the radiation exit window, has a ridge segment which extends in the axial direction partially about the cathode filament. The segment shields the radiation exit window from the electrons emitted by the cathode to reduce heating of the window by the electrons.

Abstract translation: 阳极和阴极在真空的金属外壳中，其包括辐射出口窗口，并且在操作期间分别携带正和负的高电压。 在其邻近辐射出口的区域处的阴极具有沿轴向方向部分地围绕阴极细丝延伸的脊段。 该段将辐射出口窗口遮蔽由阴极发射的电子，以减少电子对窗口的加热。

公开(公告)号：US5007074A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-09

申请号：US385004

申请日：1989-07-25

Applicant: Avery D. Furbee ,  Carl F. Bauer ,  John S. Ramos

Inventor： Avery D. Furbee ,  Carl F. Bauer ,  John S. Ramos

IPC: H01J35/06

CPC classification number: H01J35/06

Abstract: An x-ray tube is disclosed whose cathode cup is battery biased at a low level, approximately 30 volts DC, to inhibit "wings" on the focal spot of electrons bombarding the anode. The battery for providing bias, floats at the DC electrical potential applied to the cathode, many KV below ground potential. Geometric modifications to the filament/focusing cup arrangement are also included. The geometrical characteristics partially inhibit the dispersion of electrons, inhibiting the formation of "wings" on the x-ray focal spot, particularly at high current levels. At lower current levels, the low DC battery bias enhances the anti-dispersion effects of the geometrical characteristics to inhibit wing formation even at these lower current levels.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种X射线管，其阴极杯被电池偏置在低电平（约30伏特DC），以抑制轰击阳极的电子的焦点上的“翼”。 用于提供偏置的电池，漂浮在施加到阴极的直流电位，许多KV低于地电位。 还包括对灯丝/聚焦杯布置的几何修改。 几何特征部分地抑制了电子的分散，抑制了在X射线焦斑上形成“翼”，特别是在高电流水平。 在较低的电流水平下，即使在这些较低的电流水平下，低直流电池偏压增强了几何特性的抗分散效应，以抑制机翼形成。