Abstract:
In a method of processing fuel shale to produce energy and cement clinker at the same time, oil shale and/or coal shale are disintegrated, homogenized and activated in a pin beater mill or vibrating mill. The effect of the treatment is monitored by X-ray microanalysis and the treatment is automatically controlled. The admixtures required for the production of a cement having the desired quality are added simultaneously at controlled rates. The thus treated material is then burnt in a boiler plant, preferably at combustion temperatures up to 1400.degree.C and with simultaneous sintering, whereby ash and/or slag is formed which contains at least 60% cement clinker. Said cement clinker is separated from the residual ash and slag and in an impact-type mill is disintegrated in such a manner that each clinker particle is subjected to 3-8 impacts within a time of preferably less than 0.01 second by beating elements which are moved at a velocity of at least 15 meters per second, preferably at a velocity between 50 meters and 250 meters per second.
Abstract:
A fluid bed disposal method and apparatus are disclosed including a secondary bed/elutriation arrestor obstruction of labyrinth construction in the fluid bed reactor having lower and upper vertically spaced-apart perforate retention plates between which are positioned at least first and second vertically spacedapart grates with the grate bars of the grates staggered with respect to one another. The lower surface of the bars of the lower perforate plate is disclosed as stepped between at least two horizontal surface locations. At least two fluid bed/elutriation arrestor labyrinth obstructions spaced apart above the bed of granular material are disclosed.
Abstract:
A system for digesting biodigestible feed that preferably includes the steps of comminuting the feed, introducing feed, an oxygen-containing gas, an accelerant, and bacteria into a digestion zone, the bacteria being suitable for digesting the feed under aerobic, anaerobic, and anoxic conditions. The contents of the digestion zone can be changed from aerobic operation to either anoxic or anaerobic operation, or vice versa, without changing the bacteria in the digestion zone.
Abstract:
A system for digesting biodigestible feed that preferably includes the steps of comminuting the feed, introducing feed, an oxygen-containing gas, an accelerant, and bacteria into a digestion zone, the bacteria being suitable for digesting the feed under aerobic, anaerobic, and anoxic conditions. The contents of the digestion zone can be changed from aerobic operation to either anoxic or anaerobic operation, or vice versa, without changing the bacteria in the digestion zone.
Abstract:
A method and system for cost effectively converting a feedstock using thermal plasma, or other styles of gassifiers, into to a feedwater energy transfer system. The feedstock can be any organic material, or fossil fuel. The energy transferred in the feedwater is converted into steam which is then injected into the low turbine of a combined cycle power plant. Heat is extracted from gas product issued by a gassifier and delivered to a power plant via its feedwater system. The gassifier is a plasma gassifier and the gas product is syngas. In a further embodiment, prior to performing the step of extracting heat energy, there is provided the further step of combusting the syngas in an afterburner. An air flow, and/or EGR flow is provided to the afterburner at a rate that is varied in response to an operating characteristic of the afterburner. The air flow to the afterburner is heated.
Abstract:
A gas processor includes a burner chamber including a first end and a second end, a gas/fuel burner having an inlet receiving air and an inlet for receiving a first combustible gas including a nozzle providing a flame extending out from the nozzle. A syn-gas chamber including injection holes and a syn-gas feed line and a syn-gas nozzle plate is coupled between the second end of the burner chamber and the gas/fuel burner including over the nozzle, wherein syn-gas is directed by the injection holes into a path of the flame for combustion of the syn-gas. An air pipe having a plurality of air discharge ports extending from the first end to within the burner chamber having an air blower coupled thereto is configured to pump air into the burner chamber.
Abstract:
A process for energy recovery and transfer including: warming fresh air in a heat recovery and pressure control unit; feeding waste feed and the warm fresh air into a processor; reducing a moisture content of the waste feed by breaking the waste feed into a fuel powder in the warm fresh air in the processor; filtering contaminated air through an initial filter to remove the fuel powder from the contaminated air; pre-heating the contaminated air in the heat recovery and pressure control unit; raising the temperature of the pre-heated contaminated air in a chamber; passing the chamber discharge air through the heat recovery and pressure control unit to pre-heat contaminated air passing on to the chamber and to warm fresh air passing on to the processor; and filtering terminal air through a terminal filter to remove particles from the terminal air.
Abstract:
An automated system and method are provided for conveying plant material bales. The system and method retrieves stacked bales from a storage site and places the bales on a conveyor assembly line, wherein the bales are indexed, accumulated, and metered for discharge into a bale shredder. Once the bales are on the conveyor assembly, the bales are automatically moved and arranged without manual intervention.
Abstract:
An apparatus for thermal processing of waste having organic and inorganic components comprises at least a treatment station, a cooling station and a treated material-removal station, and at least three crucibles. The treatment station is adapted to thermally treat the organic components and/or inorganic components located in a given one of the crucibles located at the treatment station. The so-treated components in this given crucible are adapted to then be cooled at the cooling station, before the treated components located in the given crucible are removed therefrom at the treated material-removal station. The three crucibles are mounted on a turntable so that the three crucibles are each at one of the stations, before synchronously all moving to each crucible's next station.