公开(公告)号：US5204264A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-20

申请号：US669654

申请日：1991-03-14

Applicant: Jon J. Kaminer

Inventor： Jon J. Kaminer

IPC: G01N21/78 ,  G01N33/18 ,  G01N35/00 ,  G01N35/08

CPC classification number: G01N35/00712 ,  G01N35/085 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N2201/127 ,  G01N33/18 ,  Y10T436/10 ,  Y10T436/109163 ,  Y10T436/11

Abstract: In an automated analyzer that measures concentration of samples by comparing changes in a detector response caused by said samples to a calibration curve or factor based on one or more different calibration standards stored in the analyzer, a replacement calibration standard is validated automatically by processing a portion of said replacement calibration standard as a sample prior to accepting the new calibration standard as a valid standard.

Abstract translation: 在通过将由所述样本引起的检测器响应的变化与基于存储在分析器中的一个或多个不同校准标准的校准曲线或因子进行比较的自动分析器中来测量样本的浓度，替换校准标准通过处理部分 的替代校准标准作为样品，然后再接受新的校准标准作为有效标准。

公开(公告)号：US5182618A

公开(公告)日：1993-01-26

申请号：US793261

申请日：1991-11-13

Applicant: Aimo Heinonen

Inventor： Aimo Heinonen

IPC: G01J1/24 ,  G01N21/47

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01J1/24 ,  G01N2021/4752 ,  G01N2201/065 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: A reflectometric method of measurement for a 2-channel reflectometer, wherein in connection with the calibration, the standard sample is placed in the measruing channel (4), the dimming of the measuring channel is set to a random position and the light intensities detected both in the measuring channel and the reference channel (14) are adjusted into balance by adjusting the dimming of the reference channel by aid of the measuring diaphragm (17), and the measuring of the sample is carried out by setting the intensities into balance, likewise by aid of the measuring diaphragm of the reference channel. The reflectance value of the sample under measurement is calculated from the reflectance value of the standard, by aid of the set value of the measuring diaphragm obtained in the measurement and on the basis of the set value of the measuring diaphragm obtained in the calibration measurement.

Abstract translation: 2通道反射计的反射测量方法，其中结合校准将标准样品放置在测量通道（4）中，将测量通道的调光设置为随机位置，并且检测到光强度 通过借助测量膜片（17）调节参考通道的调光，将测量通道和参考通道（14）调整为平衡，通过将强度设定为平衡来进行样品的测量 借助于参考通道的测量膜片。 通过在测量中获得的测量膜的设定值和基于在校准测量中获得的测量膜的设定值，从标准物的反射率值计算测量样品的反射率值。

公开(公告)号：US5100622A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-31

申请号：US492853

申请日：1990-03-13

Applicant: Tomonori Mimura ,  Takehide Satou

Inventor： Tomonori Mimura ,  Takehide Satou

IPC: G01N33/49 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N33/52 ,  G01N35/00 ,  G01N35/02 ,  G01N35/04 ,  G01N35/10

CPC classification number: G01N35/00603 ,  G01N35/00594 ,  G01N35/0095 ,  G01N2035/0097 ,  G01N2035/0415 ,  G01N2035/0444 ,  G01N2201/127 ,  G01N35/00693 ,  G01N35/025 ,  G01N35/10 ,  Y10T436/115831 ,  Y10T436/12

Abstract: An automatic analyzing apparatus and method transfers a sample to be examined to a sampling position, fractionally injects the sample into a reaction vessel by using sampling means, adds a reagent to the reaction vessel holding therein the sample fractionally injected to cause reaction, and measures absorbance of the reaction solution at predetermined time intervals using a photometer. A first check for checking whether an abnormality is present in the measurement result of each measurement item is made, followed by a second check for checking whether an abnormality is present on the basis of a change in the rate of absorbance measured after the reagent is added to the sample in the reaction vessel. Then, a third check computes correlation of measured absorbance data and checks whether an abnormality is present on the basis of the result of computation. Finally, a determination is made, with respect to the sample in accordance with an abnormal item when it is judged that an abnormality is present in the result of the first, second or third check, whether remeasurement is necessary, and for selecting, in case of remeasurement, either remeasurement under the same conditions or remeasurement with a reduced sample quantity as compared with that of the first measurement conditions. When remeasurement is determined, the sample is carried to the sampling position.

公开(公告)号：US5086476A

公开(公告)日：1992-02-04

申请号：US315289

申请日：1989-02-24

Applicant: James W. Bacus

Inventor： James W. Bacus

IPC: G01N15/14 ,  G01N33/569 ,  G06K9/00

CPC classification number: G01N33/56966 ,  G01N15/1468 ,  G01N33/56972 ,  G06K9/00127 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: An image processing method and apparatus determines a proliferation index of a cell sample by staining the cells with a chromogen for a proliferation substance and a counterstain for the cell nuclei. The chromogen is activated by an antibody-enzyme conjugate which binds to the proliferation substance to produce a stained cell sample. The stained cell sample is examined with an optical microscope, forming a portion of the apparatus, which produces a magnified cell sample image. The apparatus optically filters the cell sample image and produces a pair of optically enhanced proliferation substance and cell nuclei images. The enhanced images are electronically analyzed to determine the amounts of cell nuclei and proliferation substance appearing in the images, respectively. The amounts are then compared to yield a proliferation index for the portion of the cell sample appearing in the cell sample image.

Abstract translation: 图像处理方法和装置通过用增殖物质的色原细胞染色细胞和细胞核的复染色来确定细胞样品的增殖指数。 色原体由与增殖物质结合以产生染色细胞样品的抗体 - 酶缀合物活化。 染色的细胞样品用光学显微镜检查，形成装置的一部分，产生放大的细胞样品图像。 该装置对细胞样品图像进行光学过滤，并产生一对光学增强的增殖物质和细胞核图像。 电子分析增强图像以分别确定出现在图像中的细胞核和增殖物质的量。 然后将该量进行比较以产生出现在细胞样品图像中的细胞样品部分的增殖指数。

公开(公告)号：US5018209A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-21

申请号：US927285

申请日：1986-11-04

Applicant: James W. Bacus

Inventor： James W. Bacus

IPC: G01N1/00 ,  G01N1/28 ,  G01N15/10 ,  G01N15/14 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N33/48 ,  G01N33/49 ,  G01N33/50 ,  G01N33/577 ,  G01N33/96 ,  G01N35/00 ,  G01N35/02 ,  G02B21/34 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06T1/00

CPC classification number: G06K9/00134 ,  G01N15/1468 ,  G06K9/00127 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N2015/1018 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for selecting and analyzing a subpopulation of cells or cell objects for a certain parameter such as DNA, estrogen, and then measuring the selected cells. The observer in real time views a field of cells and then gates for selection based on the morphological criteria those cells that have the visual parameter such as colored DNA or colored antigen into a subpopulation that is to be measured. The selected cells are examined by digital image processing and are measured for a parameter such as a true actual measurement of DNA in picograms. A quantitation of the measured parameter is generated and provided.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种方法和装置，用于选择和分析诸如DNA，雌激素之类的某些参数的细胞或细胞对象的亚群，然后测量所选择的细胞。 观察者实时观察细胞领域，然后根据形态学标准选择具有诸如着色DNA或有色抗原的视觉参数的细胞进入待测量的亚群中的选择门。 通过数字图像处理检查所选择的细胞，并测量诸如真皮实际测量DNA之类参数的参数。 生成并提供测量参数的定量。

公开(公告)号：US4900933A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-13

申请号：US28198

申请日：1987-03-20

Applicant: James R. Nestor ,  Jonathan D. Schiff ,  Benjamin H. Priest

Inventor： James R. Nestor ,  Jonathan D. Schiff ,  Benjamin H. Priest

IPC: G01N33/49 ,  A61B5/00 ,  C09K11/06 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/76 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G02B6/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/7703 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  A61B5/7242 ,  C09K11/06 ,  G01N21/6428 ,  G01N21/643 ,  G01N2021/641 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6432 ,  G01N2021/6434 ,  G01N2021/772 ,  G01N2021/773 ,  G01N2021/7786 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: Sensing apparatus for remote sensing of quantities such as blood oxygen concentration using a phosphorescent material located at one end of an optical fiber. The phosphorescent material emits a relatively long-lived luminescence when exposed to energy in a predetermined wavelength range. The sensing apparatus includes a light source for generating an incident pulsed energy signal within the predetermined wavelength range and a detector subsystem for selectively detecting the long-lived luminescence from the phosphorescent material. The light source and the detector subsystem are coupled to the other end of the optical fiber along a common optical path. The detector subsystem includes dual channels for detecting a measuring wavelength and a reference wavelength in the long-lived luminescence. The detector subsystem is inhibited during the incident pulsed energy signal to provide low noise operation. The detected signals are integrated and averaged to improve accuracy. A calibration source is provided for calibrating the detection subsystem.

Abstract translation: 用于使用位于光纤一端的磷光材料远程感测诸如血氧浓度的感测装置。 当在预定波长范围内暴露于能量时，磷光材料发射相对长寿命的发光。 感测装置包括用于在预定波长范围内产生入射脉冲能量信号的光源和用于选择性地检测来自磷光材料的长寿命发光的检测器子系统。 光源和检测器子系统沿着公共光路耦合到光纤的另一端。 检测器子系统包括用于检测长寿命发光中的测量波长和参考波长的双通道。 在入射脉冲能量信号期间，检测器子系统被禁止，以提供低噪声运行。 检测到的信号被积分和平均以提高精度。 提供校准源用于校准检测子系统。

公开(公告)号：US4887892A

公开(公告)日：1989-12-19

申请号：US35822

申请日：1987-04-08

Applicant: James W. Bacus

Inventor： James W. Bacus

IPC: G01N1/00 ,  G01N1/28 ,  G01N15/10 ,  G01N15/14 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N33/48 ,  G01N33/49 ,  G01N33/50 ,  G01N33/577 ,  G01N33/96 ,  G01N35/00 ,  G01N35/02 ,  G02B21/34 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06T1/00

CPC classification number: G06K9/00134 ,  G01N15/1468 ,  G06K9/00127 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N2015/1018 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: An image apparatus for measuring true mass characteristics of the specimen in real time is provided with means for controlling the amount and intensity of background light so that the amount of light is held substantially constant and at a level providing reduced background and scattered light so that evaluations at different times on the same or on different image analysis apparatus of the same manufacture result in substantially identical measurements of mass. The light control for the conventional light microscope used with the image analysis apparatus includes four variables which are the light intensity of the light bulb, the size of the field iris, the size of the condenser iris, and the movement the condenser lenses in a vertical or "Z" direction for focus. Preferably, a fixed aperture means in the form of a cup attachment is secured to the condenser iris optics to provide a fixed size iris for the condenser. The controls for the variable condenser iris are opened wide so that the less size aperature in the fixed condenser iris is that which is controlling of the light passing through the condenser optics. The preferred attachment device is a cup-shaped member of one piece metal which is attached by a threaded fastener in a non-invasive manner to the bottom of the condenser iris and optics. A monitor displays the intensity of the background light as a numerical value and the intensity of the light bulb is adjusted to provide a substantially constant background light transmitted to a CCD sensor or camera.

Abstract translation: 用于实时测量样本的真实质量特性的图像装置设置有用于控制背景光的量和强度的装置，使得光量保持基本上恒定并且处于提供降低的背景和散射光的水平，使得评估 在相同或相同制造的不同图像分析装置上的不同时间产生基本相同的质量测量。 与图像分析装置一起使用的常规光学显微镜的光控制包括以下四个变量：灯泡的光强度，场虹膜的尺寸，聚光镜的尺寸，以及聚光透镜在垂直方向上的移动 或“Z”方向进行对焦。 优选地，以杯形连接的形式的固定孔装置被固定到聚光镜光圈，以为冷凝器提供固定尺寸的虹膜。 可变电容器光圈的控制开放得很宽，使得固定电容器虹膜中的较小尺寸的温度是控制通过冷凝器光学器件的光的温度。 优选的附接装置是单件金属的杯形构件，其以非侵入性方式通过螺纹紧固件附接到聚光镜虹膜和光学器件的底部。 监视器将背景光的强度显示为数值，并且调整灯泡的强度以提供传输到CCD传感器或照相机的基本恒定的背景光。

公开(公告)号：US4640621A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-03

申请号：US505535

申请日：1983-06-17

Applicant: Thomas H. Rose

Inventor： Thomas H. Rose

IPC: G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01J1/02 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/534 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: A transmissometer includes electronic shutters for interrupting the transmitted and reference light beams at selected locations and at selected time intervals for establishing the various modes of operation of the transmissometer. The electronic shutters take the form of liquid crystal displays that are selectively energizable to either a clear or an opaque condition. The transmissometer also includes an electronic stepwise light attenuator located in the path of the light beams. The attenuator includes a body and multiple liquid crystal display segments uniformly distributed throughout the body, with the segments being independently energizable to provide stepwise opacity.

Abstract translation: 透射计包括电子快门，用于在所选择的位置和选定的时间间隔中断发射和参考光束，以建立透射计的各种操作模式。 电子快门采取液晶显示器的形式，其可选择性地激励到清晰或不透明的状态。 透射计还包括位于光束路径中的电子分级光衰减器。 衰减器包括主体和均匀地分布在整个身体中的多个液晶显示器片段，其中片段可独立地通电以提供逐步不透明度。

公开(公告)号：US4569594A

公开(公告)日：1986-02-11

申请号：US532073

申请日：1983-09-14

Applicant: Robert Cabi-Akman ,  Remy Simond ,  Arthur Sprenger

Inventor： Robert Cabi-Akman ,  Remy Simond ,  Arthur Sprenger

IPC: G01J5/60 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01N21/27

CPC classification number: G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/4738 ,  G01J2003/466 ,  G01N2021/4742 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: A sample to be measured, a black reference and at least one reference having a color similar to that of the sample are exposed successively and cyclicly to the same incident light beam, the light beams which are reflected successively by the sample and the references are detected photoelectrically, the ratio of the intensities of the light beams reflected by a sample and one reference color on the one hand and by the black reference and a reference color on the other hand is established electronically, the second ratio is subtracted electronically from the first and a difference which is directly proportional to the brilliance of the color of the sample is automatically obtained during each exposure or measurement cycle at a determined measurement frequency (FIG. 1).

Abstract translation: 要测量的样本，黑色参考和至少一个具有与样本颜色相似的颜色的参考依次和循环地暴露于相同的入射光束，检测由样本和参考连续反射的光束 以电子方式，以电子方式建立由样品反射的光束和一种参考色以及黑色参照和另一方面参考色的强度比，电子地从第一和第 在确定的测量频率的每个曝光或测量周期期间，自动获得与样品的颜色的亮度成正比的差异（图1）。

公开(公告)号：US4074939A

公开(公告)日：1978-02-21

申请号：US686023

申请日：1976-05-13

Applicant: Carl-Roland Rabl

Inventor： Carl-Roland Rabl

IPC: G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/59 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/24

CPC classification number: G01N21/6445 ,  G01N21/0303 ,  G01N21/272 ,  G01N21/645 ,  G01N2021/0389 ,  G01N2021/0392 ,  G01N2021/1738 ,  G01N2021/6491 ,  G01N21/0332 ,  G01N21/59 ,  G01N2201/1226 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: An apparatus for investigating the course of fast chemical reactions in lid chemical systems, using optical detection and an external perturbation, especially by the temperature-jump method. The optical part of the apparatus comprises first and second light paths conveying a probing light beam and a sense light beam, respectively, and an optical lens system of extremely high aperture for measurements of absorption, fluorescence, and fluorescence polarization. The opto-electronic detection system comprises individual photodetector heads and a signal processing unit wherein special circuits for electronic division, zero-correction, large aperture error correction, and signal coupling eliminate disturbing signal components, reduce inherent errors of electronic signal processing, and simplify operation of the apparatus.

Abstract translation: 一种用于研究液体化学系统中快速化学反应过程的设备，使用光学检测和外部扰动，特别是通过温度跳跃法。 该装置的光学部分包括分别传送探测光束和感测光束的第一和第二光路以及用于吸收，荧光和荧光偏振测量的极高孔径的光学透镜系统。 光电检测系统包括单独的光电检测器头和信号处理单元，其中用于电子分割，零校正，大孔径误差校正和信号耦合的特殊电路消除干扰信号分量，减少电子信号处理的固有误差，并简化操作 的装置。