Abstract:
A device for treatment of fluids, includes a treatment chamber having an inlet and an outlet for the fluid to be treated, elongated UV light generating elements arranged inside the treatment chamber, a photo-catalytic structure arranged in the treatment chamber. The photo-catalytic structure is a filter arranged in the flow of fluid through the treatment chamber such that the fluid flows through the filter. The filter is designed generally tubular and placed adjacent and surrounding the UV light generating elements for radiating the filter with UV light, thereby creating treatment radicals, and the filter is placed such that the whole flow of fluid is forced through the radiated filter.
Abstract:
A volume-porous electrode is provided which increases effectiveness and production of electrochemical processes. The electrode is formed of a carbon, graphitic cotton wool, or from carbon composites configured to permit fluid flow through a volume of the electrode in three orthogonal directions. The electrode conducts an electrical charge directly from a power source, and also includes a conductive band connected to a surface of the electrode volume, whereby a high charge density is applied uniformly across the electrode volume. Apparatus and methods which employ the volume-porous electrode are disclosed for removal of metals from liquid solutions using electroextraction and electro-coagulation techniques, and for electrochemical modification of the pH level of a liquid.
Abstract:
Conditioning and concentration of microalgae are accomplished by the process steps of grinding a dilute aqueous dispersion of microalgae in the presence of grinding media and then applying adsorptive bubble separation. This process is amenable to the use of dilute feed microalgal dispersions such as are encountered in the production of algal biomass for biofuel applications.
Abstract:
The subject of the present invention is a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD-) lamp (1) for generating and emitting an ultraviolet radiation with ignition aid comprising: a discharge gap (2) being at least partly formed and/or surrounded by at least an inner wall (5) and an outer wall (4), whereby at least one of the walls (4, 5) is a dielectric wall and at least one of the walls (4, 5) has an at least partly transparent part, a filling located inside the discharge gap (2), at least two electrical contacting means, a first mean for electrical contacting associated with the outer wall (4) and a second mean for electrical contacting associated with the inner wall (5), whereby at least one multifunctional means (3) is arranged adjacent to the discharge gap (2) functioning as guiding aid and as ignition aid.
Abstract:
An electrolysis cell is provided, which includes an inlet, an outlet, and coaxial, cylindrical inner and outer electrodes. A cylindrical ion-selective membrane is located between the inner and outer electrodes and forms respective first and second electrolysis reaction chambers on opposing sides of the membrane. Fluid flow paths along the first and second chambers join together as a combined inlet flow path through the inlet and a combined outlet flow path through the outlet.
Abstract:
An apparatus is provided, which includes an electrolysis cell, a liquid flow path that passes through the electrolysis cell, and an indicator light. The indicator light is illuminated as a function of an operating characteristic of the electrolysis cell and luminous flux radiated from the light illuminates liquid along at least a portion of the flow path.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus are provided for energizing an electrolysis cell receiving a liquid to be electrochemically activated and contacting the liquid with an exposed, conductive tip of a voltage detector. The voltage detector generates a humanly-perceptible indicator as a function of charge movement sensed by the voltage detector through the liquid.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus are provided for an advanced water treatment system that includes filtration, physical conditioning, and ultraviolet disinfection elements in a single unit. A control valve controls flow through the system in filtering, backwashing, cleaning, and rinsing modes of operation.
Abstract:
Heat transfer test assemblies for monitoring and recording fouling of aqueous systems are disclosed. The heat transfer test assemblies include an outer tube member, a heating rod positioned within the outer tube member, a ribbed tube sleeve fitted over the heating rod and thermocouples for sensing the wall temperature of heating rod. The disclosed heat transfer test assemblies enable improved monitoring of systems employing enhanced heat exchanger tubes. Monitoring and recording apparatuses including the heat transfer test assemblies are also disclosed.
Abstract:
An electrolyzer includes a first electrode in the form of an inner tank formed of a material capable of being magnetized and a second electrode in the form of an outer tank formed of a material capable of being magnetized. The inner tank is nested within the outer tank. A spacer basket formed of a plastic material is disposed between the inner tank and the outer tank. The inner tank includes a positive terminal in electrical communication with a DC power source and the outer tank includes a negative terminal in electrical communication with the DC power source. A magnet for magnetizing the outer tank has a field sufficient to affect the inner tank. Electrolysis within the tank produces a flammable gas having a first hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom and a second hydrogen atom bonded to the first hydrogen atom.