公开(公告)号：US5089976A

公开(公告)日：1992-02-18

申请号：US555099

申请日：1990-07-18

Applicant: Robert B. Cate ,  Daniel E. Wulbert

Inventor： Robert B. Cate ,  Daniel E. Wulbert

IPC: G01J3/46 ,  H04N9/64

CPC classification number: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G01J3/465 ,  H04N9/64

Abstract: A scientifically explained color normalization process for producing image and information arrays which correspond to human color perception and description and are substantially invariant under varying conditions of illumination intensity and measurements geometry. New radiation measurements obtained by a three waveband sensor (10) are normalized by a computer or equivalent device using an individual waveband normalization algorithm (12) which divides each measurement by the mean of about ten thousand surrounding measurements, thus extracting the maximum resolution relational reflectance factor. The combined three waveband normalized array is presented as a color-coded alphanumeric array in terms of MUNSELL hue, value and chroma, using a cylindrical coordinate transformation algorithm (14) and a MUNSELL conversion algorithm (16). The normalized array is also presented using a balanced image display device (18), based on either additive or subtractive primaries.

Abstract translation: 一种科学解释的颜色归一化过程，用于产生对应于人类颜色感知和描述的图像和信息阵列，并且在照明强度和测量几何的变化条件下基本上是不变的。 通过三个波段传感器（10）获得的新的辐射测量由计算机或等效装置使用单独的波段归一化算法（12）进行归一化，该算法将每个测量值除以大约一万个周围测量的平均值，从而提取最大分辨率关系反射率 因子。 使用圆柱坐标变换算法（14）和MUNSELL转换算法（16），组合的三波段归一化阵列以MUNSELL色调，值和色度表示为彩色编码的字母数字阵列。 归一化阵列还使用平衡图像显示装置（18），基于加法或减法原色来呈现。

公开(公告)号：US5012431A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-30

申请号：US476122

申请日：1990-02-02

Applicant: Ralph Stanziola

Inventor： Ralph Stanziola

IPC: B01F13/10 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/52

CPC classification number: G01J3/46 ,  B01F13/1055 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/52

Abstract: A method for generating the characteristics of a set of colors involves selecting at least two, and typically more reference colors. Each of the selected reference colors is described by a set of color characteristic data indicating the reflectance of each color at each of a set of predetermined wavelengths; and descriptions of the intermediate color samples are generated by computer the relative proportions of each base color which characterizes each intermediate color and calculating a reflectance value at each wavelength for the color to be generated proportionate to the reflectance values for each base color at the corresponding wavelength. A set of color samples is created as a result of the method for generating the characteristics of the colors and arranged in a geometry indicative of the method. A system for generating the color samples data has storage for storing the photometric characteristics and other data; a central processor under software control for accessing the stored data, computing the relative proportion of each reference color comprising each color to be generated, and computing the reflectances at each wavelength for which color reflectance data is stored for each intermediate color; and an output for outputting the data generated by the central processor.

Abstract translation: 用于产生一组颜色的特征的方法涉及选择至少两个，并且通常更多的参考颜色。 所选择的参考颜色中的每一个由一组指示每一种预定波长的每种颜色的反射率的颜色特征数据描述; 并且通过计算机生成中间颜色样本的描述，表示每种中间颜色的每种基色的相对比例，并且计算出每种波长下的每种波长的反射率值，用于与相应波长处的每种基色的反射率成比例 。 作为生成颜色特征的方法的结果，创建一组颜色样本，并且以表示该方法的几何形状排列。 用于生成颜色样本数据的系统具有用于存储测光特性和其他数据的存储器; 用于访问存储的数据的软件控制下的中央处理器，计算包括要生成的每种颜色的每个参考颜色的相对比例，以及计算针对每个中间颜色存储颜色反射率数据的每个波长的反射率; 以及用于输出由中央处理器生成的数据的输出。

公开(公告)号：US4770534A

公开(公告)日：1988-09-13

申请号：US842847

申请日：1986-03-24

Applicant: Hiroshi Matsuki ,  Kiyoshi Chaki ,  Takao Sumiyoshi

Inventor： Hiroshi Matsuki ,  Kiyoshi Chaki ,  Takao Sumiyoshi

IPC: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/52

CPC classification number: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G01J3/465 ,  G01J2003/466

Abstract: A method of determining the color difference between two similar colors including the steps of determining the tristimulus values for a reference color with which another color is to be compared, providing a planar chromaticity diagram for the values other than brightness in which the values for the reference colors are at the origin and the abscissa and ordinates of the diagram, determining the hue of the reference color and plotting in said diagram an equi-hue line, determining the tristimulus values for the other color to be compared to the reference color and plotting the values other than brightness on the diagram, plotting an equi-saturation line on the diagram perpendicular to the equi-hue line and extending through the origin, plotting lines parallel to the equi-hue and equi-saturation lines through the position of the plotted values for the other color and extending across the equi-hue and equi-saturation lines, so that the difference in the tristimulus values for the other color from the reference color are shown by measurements along said parallel lines. In addition, a brightness line is provided having the brightness value of the reference color at the center of the line with values of greater brightness on one side of the center and values of less brightness on the other side of the center, and plotting the brightness of the other color on the line, whereby the difference in brightness for the other color from the reference color is shown by measurement along the line.

Abstract translation: 一种确定两种相似颜色之间的色差的方法，包括确定另一种颜色要比较的参考色的三刺激值的步骤，为亮度之外的值提供平面色度图，其中参考值 颜色位于图的原点和横坐标和坐标，确定参考颜色的色调并在所述图中绘制等色线，确定要与参考颜色进行比较的其他颜色的三刺激值，并绘制 在图表上除了亮度之外的值，在垂直于等色线的图上绘制等饱和线并延伸穿过原点，绘制平行于等色和等饱和线的线通过绘制值的位置 对于另一种颜色并延伸到等色和等饱和线，使得其他co的三刺激值的差异 来自参考色的光通过沿着所述平行线的测量显示。 此外，提供亮度线，其具有在中心的中心具有较高亮度的值的中心的参考颜色的亮度值和在中心的另一侧具有较低亮度的值，并且绘制亮度 的线条上的其他颜色，从而通过沿线的测量来显示另一种颜色与参考色的亮度差。

公开(公告)号：US4745555A

公开(公告)日：1988-05-17

申请号：US54205

申请日：1987-05-26

Applicant: Roland L. Connelly ,  Robert F. Willis ,  Jeremy D. Phelan ,  Kathleen A. Nealen

Inventor： Roland L. Connelly ,  Robert F. Willis ,  Jeremy D. Phelan ,  Kathleen A. Nealen

IPC: G01J3/46 ,  G06Q10/04 ,  G06Q10/06 ,  G06Q10/08 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G06Q10/04 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G06Q10/0631 ,  G06Q10/087

Abstract: In a data base of inventoried fabric pieces (e.g. rolls) having associated predetermined color parameter value data, a target fabric piece is initially selected having color parameter values which substantially deviate from a nominal center point within the color parameter space. Thereafter, a subset of the inventoried fabric pieces is identified having associated color parameters sufficiently near to those of the identified target piece as to be commonly usable therewith (e.g. in the construction of a garment). The color parameters may include red/green difference (da*), yellow/blue difference (db*) and lightness difference (dL*) values. Those defined points which fall within an ellipsoidal color space volume (having axes dimensioned to correspond to a predetermined acceptable variations in the color parameters within the desired subset and having a center selected so as to cause the color parameter values of the target piece to be located at the outer portion of such an ellipsoidal volume) are selected as a potentially usable subset. The result is an inverted or outside-toward-inside shade grouping selection process (in color space) of the inventoried fabric pieces--rather than vice versa--thus tending always to concentrate the color space values of remaining inventoried fabric pieces.

Abstract translation: 在具有相关联的预定颜色参数值数据的盘点织物片（例如卷）的数据库中，最初选择具有基本上偏离颜色参数空间内的标称中心点的颜色参数值的目标织物片。 此后，识别出具有与所识别的目标片段相关联的颜色参数的相关联的颜色参数可与之一起使用的（例如，在服装的构造中）的所列出的织物片段的子集。 颜色参数可以包括红/绿差（da *），黄/蓝差（db *）和亮度差（dL *）值。 这些定义的点落在椭圆色空间体积内（具有尺寸设计成对应于期望子集内的颜色参数中的预定可接受变化并且具有选定的中心以使得目标片的颜色参数值被定位的轴） 在这种椭圆体积的外部）被选择为潜在可用的子集。 其结果是所记录的织物片的倒置或向外到内侧的色调分组选择过程（在颜色空间中），而不是反之亦然，因此总是集中剩余的存储的织物片的颜色空间值。

公开(公告)号：US4688178A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-18

申请号：US773216

申请日：1985-09-06

Applicant: Roland L. Connelly ,  Robert F. Willis ,  Jeremy D. Phelan ,  Kathleen A. Nealen

Inventor： Roland L. Connelly ,  Robert F. Willis ,  Jeremy D. Phelan ,  Kathleen A. Nealen

IPC: G01J3/46 ,  G06Q10/04 ,  G06Q10/06 ,  G06Q10/08 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G06Q10/04 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G06Q10/0631 ,  G06Q10/087

Abstract: In a data base of inventoried fabric pieces (e.g. rolls) having associated predetermined color parameter value data, a target fabric piece is initially selected having color parameter values which substantially deviate from a nominal center point within the color parameter space. Thereafter, a subset of the inventoried fabric pieces is identified having associated color parameters sufficiently near to those of the identified target piece as to be commonly usable therewith (e.g. in the construction of a garment). The color parameters may include red/green difference (da*), yellow/blue difference (db*) and lightness difference (dL*) values. Those defined points which fall within an ellipsoidal color space volume (having axes dimensioned to correspond to a predetermined acceptable variations in the color parameters within the desired subset and having a center selected so as to cause the color parameter values of the target piece to be located at the outer portion of such an ellipsoidal volume) are selected as a potentially usable subset. The result is an inverted or outside-toward-inside shade grouping selection process (in color space) of the inventoried fabric pieces--rather than vice versa--thus tending always to concentrate the color space values of remaining inventoried fabric pieces.

公开(公告)号：US4657399A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-14

申请号：US685329

申请日：1984-12-21

Applicant: Neil R. Hall

Inventor： Neil R. Hall

IPC: A61C13/00 ,  A61C19/10 ,  A61K6/06 ,  G01J3/52 ,  G01N21/29

CPC classification number: G01J3/52 ,  A61C19/10 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G01J3/508 ,  G01N21/293

Abstract: The present invention discloses a set of dental color indicator devices and a method of selecting dental colors. Each indicator device has a number of color samples arranged in a regular array. Each of the samples corresponds to the color at a corresponding location in an identical array formed on one of a plurality of transverse parallel cuts through an elongate substantially elipsoid body which represents the possible range of dental colors when graphically represented on a color co-ordinate system, such as the CIELAB psycometric color system or the Munsell visual color system. The selected color is either the color of one of the samples or a mixture of the color of two adjacent samples.

Abstract translation: 本发明公开了一种牙科颜色指示器装置和选择牙科颜色的方法。 每个指示器装置具有以规则阵列排列的多个颜色样本。 每个样品对应于在通过细长的基本上为椭圆体的多个横向平行切口之一上形成的相同阵列中的相应位置处的颜色，其表示在彩色坐标系上图形表示时可能的牙齿颜色范围 ，如CIELAB psycometric颜色系统或Munsell视觉色彩系统。 选择的颜色是样品之一的颜色或两个相邻样品的颜色的混合。

公开(公告)号：US4597670A

公开(公告)日：1986-07-01

申请号：US583851

申请日：1984-02-27

Applicant: Hiromu Ohashi ,  Masakazu Suzuka ,  Yukio Murata ,  Nobuyoshi Fujitsuka

Inventor： Hiromu Ohashi ,  Masakazu Suzuka ,  Yukio Murata ,  Nobuyoshi Fujitsuka

IPC: G01J3/46 ,  G01N21/25

CPC classification number: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/465 ,  G01J2003/466

Abstract: A method for measuring the color difference between a sample dye and a standard dye by testing the color properties of both dyes, which comprises measuring the distribution curve of absorbance of individual components of the dye; determining the relationship between the color difference of dye solution and the color difference of dyeings with respect to the standard dye and representative samples arbitrarily selected plural lots of dyes; and predicting the color difference of dyeings from the color difference of solution between the standard dye and the sample dye.

Abstract translation: 通过测试两种染料的颜色特性来测量样品染料和标准染料之间的色差的方法，其包括测量染料各组分的吸光度分布曲线; 确定染料溶液的色差与染色相对于标准染料和代表性样品的色差之间的关系，任意选择多批染料; 并根据标准染料和样品染料之间的溶液色差预测染色的色差。

公开(公告)号：US4500972A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-19

申请号：US269015

申请日：1981-06-05

Applicant: Franz Kuhn ,  Wilfried Lippek ,  Klaus Mollgaard ,  Friedrich Redecker

Inventor： Franz Kuhn ,  Wilfried Lippek ,  Klaus Mollgaard ,  Friedrich Redecker

IPC: G03F3/08 ,  G06F1/035 ,  G06F7/548 ,  G06T1/00 ,  H04N1/60 ,  H04N1/64 ,  H04N11/04 ,  G06F15/20 ,  G01J3/46

CPC classification number: H04N1/6005 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G06F1/0353 ,  H04N1/60 ,  H04N1/646 ,  G06F2101/06

Abstract: A method for converting digital chrominance signals of a cartesian color coordinate system into digital color signals and saturation signals of a polar color coordinate system and including a transformation circuit for the transformation from cartesian to polar coordinates.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / DE80 / 00138 Sec。 371日期：1981年6月5日 102（e）日期1981年5月28日PCT申请日1980年9月26日PCT公布。 公开号WO81 / 01065 PCT 日期：1981年04月16日。一种用于将笛卡尔色坐标系的数字色度信号转换为数字彩色信号和极坐标系的饱和信号的方法，并且包括用于从笛卡尔坐标转换为极坐标的变换电路。

公开(公告)号：US4464677A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-07

申请号：US302475

申请日：1981-09-10

Applicant: Franz Kuhn ,  Wilfried Lippek

Inventor： Franz Kuhn ,  Wilfried Lippek

IPC: G01J3/46 ,  G03F3/08 ,  H04N1/62 ,  H04N1/46

CPC classification number: H04N1/622 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G01J2003/466 ,  G01J3/513

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a circuit arrangement for the partial recorrection of color recognition spaces in color recognition. Before the color recognition, the color coordinates (color locations) of characteristic sample points are determined in the colors to be recognized and sample color numbers are allocated to them, said sample color numbers being deposited in a color recognition memory. All color numbers of the remaining color locations of the color space are determined from the sample color numbers and are likewise stored. The respective color locations or, respectively, memory locations occupied with the same color numbers form a color recognition space within the color space. For subsequent boundary correction of a color recognition space, at least one auxiliary color sample is taken from a color to be recognized in the area of the desired change and the necessary sample color number is allocated to it. The color numbers within a spatial cancel area around the color location of the auxiliary color sample are cancelled and, upon incorporation of all sample color locations and sample color numbers, new color numbers are instead calculated and stored for the cancel area.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / DE81 / 00027 Sec。 371日期1981年9月9日 102（e）1981年9月9日PCT PCT 1月24日PCT公布。 公开号WO81 / 02205 日期1981年8月6日。本发明涉及一种用于颜色识别中颜色识别空间部分重新校正的方法和电路装置。 在颜色识别之前，以要识别的颜色确定特征采样点的颜色坐标（颜色位置），并将样本颜色数量分配给它们，所述样本颜色数字被存储在颜色识别存储器中。 颜色空间的剩余颜色位置的所有颜色编号根据样品颜色数量确定，同样存储。 相应的颜色位置或分别由相同颜色数字占据的存储器位置在颜色空间内形成颜色识别空间。 对于颜色识别空间的后续边界校正，从期望变化的区域中要识别的颜色中取出至少一个辅助颜色样本，并且分配必需的样本颜色数。 在辅助颜色样本的颜色位置周围的空间取消区域内的颜色数字被取消，并且在结合所有样本颜色位置和样本颜色数量后，相反地计算和存储取消区域的新颜色数字。

公开(公告)号：US4402611A

公开(公告)日：1983-09-06

申请号：US160916

申请日：1980-06-19

Applicant: Yoshio Yuasa

Inventor： Yoshio Yuasa

IPC: G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/51

CPC classification number: G01J3/51 ,  G01J3/513 ,  G01J3/462 ,  G01J3/465

Abstract: A trichromatic colorimeter for obtaining the CIE chromaticity coordinates for an object to be measured. By utilizing a logarithmic compression type light measuring circuit, a higher accuracy and measuring range are obtainable in comparison to prior art linear light measuring type colorimeters.

Abstract translation: 一种三色比色计，用于获得待测物体的CIE色度坐标。 通过利用对数压缩型光测量电路，与现有技术的线性光测量型色度计相比，可以获得更高的精度和测量范围。