Abstract:
A film thickness measuring apparatus of the present invention includes: a light source that emits white light to be irradiated onto a multilayer thin film; a spectroscope that disperses reflected light obtained as a result of irradiating the white light onto the multilayer thin film in order to obtain reflectance spectrums; and a computation section, said computation section including: a setting section that sets a plurality of wavelength ranges for the reflectance spectrums; a first conversion section that obtains wavenumber range reflectance spectrums by re-sequencing, among the reflectance spectrums, reflectance spectrums in the plurality of wavelength ranges set in said setting section at equal intervals, respectively; a second conversion section that converts the wavenumber range reflectance spectrums in the plurality of wavelength ranges obtained in said first conversion section into power spectrums, respectively; and a calculation section that obtains a film thickness of the multilayer thin film based on the power spectrums.
Abstract:
An inspection device includes a light source emitting ultraviolet light onto a banknote conveyed on a conveyance path, a light source emitting infrared light onto the banknote, a photosensor for detecting light from the banknote, a light source control processing portion for controlling the light sources while individually switching the light sources at high speed, and a discrimination processing portion. The discrimination processing portion first imports each of two detection signals (output signals) from the photosensor, which are obtained by detecting light substantially within an identical period of time when the banknote is illuminated with the light through sequential lighting of the light sources and calculates an output ratio of the photosensor. Then the calculated output ratio of the photosensor is compared and collated with reference data preliminarily stored in a memory determining authenticity and denomination of the banknote.
Abstract:
Spectroscopic determination of concentration in a rectification column The present invention relates to a method for determining the concentration in a rectification column by means of IR spectroscopy, wherein the sample is taken under hydrostatic control.
Abstract:
A chemical reactor includes two substrates that are joined along a surface and a chemical reaction chamber formed between the substrates. The chemical reaction chamber has a hollow interior and one or more light reflectors located along walls of the hollow interior. The chemical reaction chamber has one or more inputs to transport fluid into the hollow interior and an output to transport fluid out of the hollow interior. The one or more light reflectors cause light rays to make multiple crossings of the hollow interior as a result of reflections off the one or more reflectors.
Abstract:
A gas sensor uses optical interferents in a porous thin film cell to measure the refractive index of the pore medium. As the medium within the pores changes, spectral variations can be detected. For example, as the pores are filled with a solution, the characteristic peaks exhibit a spectral shift in one direction. Conversely, when tiny amounts of gas are produced, the peaks shift in the opposite direction. This can be used to measure gas evolution, humidity and for applications for other interferometric-based sensing devices.
Abstract:
An optical measurement apparatus and method a method for performing modulation spectroscopy measurement of a sample comprising: delivering an incident probe beam to a sample at a known spot; modulating reflectance of the probe beam with a pump beam which periodically forms a pump beam spot on the sample coincident with the probe beam spot; and monitoring a reflected probe beam with a detector: wherein the incident probe and pump beams are collinear; and wherein the incident beams are directed to be collinear by reflecting a beam from a facet of an optical waveguide transmitting the other beam.
Abstract:
An attenuated total reflection probe has a prism and a supporter. The prism is made of an optical material which transmits light in far ultraviolet region, and has a contact plane to be in contact with a sample, and an incoming plane and an outgoing plane both not to be in contact with the sample. The supporter has an opening and is connected hermetically with the prism around the opening and eventually exposes the contact plane facing the opening. The contact plane, the incoming plane and the outgoing plane of the prism are formed such that light transmitting the incoming plane enters the contact plane at an incident angle larger than critical angle and that the light totally reflected by the contact plane goes out through the outgoing plane.
Abstract:
A hand-held, self-contained, battery-powered test instrument for analyzing composition of a sample includes an exciter for exciting at least a portion of the sample, a compact cross-dispersed spectrometer for receiving an optical signal from the excited portion of the sample and a processor for processing spectral data about the optical signal from the spectrometer. The exciter may include a spark generator and a counter electrode, a laser or other device for generating the optical signal from the sample portion. The spectrometer has a wavelength range broad enough to enable the test instrument to detect and determine relative quantities of carbon, phosphorous, sulfur, manganese, silicon, iron and other elements necessary to identify common alloys. The spectrometer includes a structural member made of a light-weight material having a small coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The spectrometer is dimensionally stable over a range of expected ambient temperatures, without controlling the temperature of the spectrometer.
Abstract:
Method for determining a mean radiation power P rad 0 _ of electromagnetic radiation of a radiation source, the radiation being intensity-modulated with modulation frequency ω0, in a predetermined time interval. The method provides a reflector designed to reflect electromagnetic radiation of the radiation source and electromagnetic radiation of a test radiation source, irradiates a predetermined area of the reflector with the source electromagnetic radiation, at least partially irradiates the predetermined area of the reflector with electromagnetic radiation of the test radiation source, measures a ω0-modulated power component Ptest,ω0(t) of a reflected test radiation power Ptest(t) of an electromagnetic radiation of the test radiation source, the radiation being reflected from the area, in the predetermined time interval, determines a mean value P test , ω 0 0 _ of the measured ω0-modulated power component Ptest,ω0(t) of the reflected test radiation power Ptest(t) in the predetermined time interval, and determines the mean radiation power P rad 0 _ from the relationship P rad 0 _ = a · P test , ω 0 0 _ , where a is a predetermined constant.
Abstract:
A method for remotely detecting whether a subject is alive, comprising the steps of determining a calibration spectral signature for light reflectance from living skin, normalizing the calibration spectral signature values to the calibration reflectance value at a reference wavelength, storing the normalized calibration spectral signature, determining a subject spectral signature of the light reflectance of a region of skin of the subject whose liveness is to be determined, normalizing the subject spectral signature values to the subject reflectance value at the reference wavelength, comparing the normalized subject spectral signature with the normalized calibration spectral signature for at least one wavelength, generating a subject liveness signal based on the comparison of the normalized subject spectral signature with the normalized calibration spectral signature, and emitting the subject liveness signal.