公开(公告)号：US09347176B2

公开(公告)日：2016-05-24

申请号：US14044784

申请日：2013-10-02

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Theodora Retsina ,  Vesa Pylkkanen ,  Steven R. Rutherford

IPC: D21B1/02 ,  D21C1/02 ,  D21C11/00 ,  D21C3/26 ,  C08B1/00 ,  C08B37/00 ,  C08H8/00 ,  D21C3/02 ,  D21C3/08 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C3/22 ,  C12P19/14

CPC classification number: D21C3/22 ,  C08B1/00 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P7/16 ,  C12P7/54 ,  C12P7/56 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C13K1/02 ,  D21B1/02 ,  D21B1/021 ,  D21C1/02 ,  D21C3/02 ,  D21C3/08 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C3/222 ,  D21C3/26 ,  D21C9/02 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  D21H11/00

Abstract: The GreenBox+ technology is suitable to extract hemicellulose sugars prior to pulping of biomass into pulp products. The revenue obtainable from the sugar stream can significantly improve the economics of a pulp and paper mill. An initial extraction and recovery of sugars is followed by production of a pulp product with similar or better properties. Other co-products such as acetates and furfural are also possible. Some variations provide a process for co-producing pulp and hemicellulosic sugars from biomass, comprising: digesting the biomass in the presence of steam and/or hot water to extract hemicellulose into a liquid phase; washing the extracted solids, thereby generating a liquid wash filtrate and washed solids; separating the liquid wash filtrate from the washed solids; refining the washed solids at a refining pH of about 4 or higher, thereby generating pulp; and hydrolyzing the hemicellulose to generate hemicellulosic fermentable sugars.

Abstract translation: GreenBox +技术适用于在将生物量制浆成纸浆产品之前提取半纤维素糖。 从糖流中获得的收入可以显着提高纸浆和造纸厂的经济性。 首先提取和回收糖，然后生产具有相似或更好性质的纸浆产品。 其他共同产品如乙酸盐和糠醛也是可能的。 一些变化提供了从生物质共同生产纸浆和半纤维素糖的方法，其包括：在蒸汽和/或热水存在下消化生物质以将半纤维素提取到液相中; 洗涤提取的固体，从而产生液体洗涤滤液并洗涤固体; 从洗涤的固体中分离液体洗涤滤液; 在约4或更高的精炼pH下精制洗涤的固体，从而产生纸浆; 并水解半纤维素以产生半纤维素可发酵糖。

公开(公告)号：US09322072B2

公开(公告)日：2016-04-26

申请号：US14066534

申请日：2013-10-29

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Theodora Retsina ,  Vesa Pylkkanen ,  Kimberly Nelson ,  Mark Szczepanik

IPC: C13K1/00 ,  C07G1/00 ,  C08B37/00 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C13K1/02 ,  C13K13/00

CPC classification number: C07G1/00 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C13K1/00 ,  C13K1/02 ,  C13K1/04 ,  C13K13/00 ,  Y02E50/343

Abstract: The present invention generally provides methods of improving lignin separation during biomass fractionation with an acid to release sugars and a solvent for lignin (such as ethanol). In some embodiments, a digestor is employed to fractionating a feedstock in the presence of a solvent for lignin, sulfur dioxide, and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, and lignin. A solid additive is added to the digestor, wherein the solid additive combines with at least a portion of the lignin. Then a mixture of lignin and the solid additive is separated from the liquor, prior to hemicellulose recovery. Optionally, a solid additive may also be introduced to a hydrolysis reactor for converting hemicellulose oligomers to monomers, to improve separation of acid-catalyzed lignin. In some embodiments, the solid additive is gypsum or a gypsum/lignin mixture.

Abstract translation: 本发明通常提供在用酸释放糖和用于木质素（例如乙醇）的溶剂的生物质分馏过程中改善木质素分离的方法。 在一些实施方案中，消化剂用于在木素，二氧化硫和水的溶剂存在下分馏原料，以产生含有半纤维素，富含纤维素的固体和木质素的液体。 将固体添加剂加入到消化器中，其中固体添加剂与至少一部分木质素结合。 然后在半纤维素回收之前将木质素和固体添加剂的混合物与液体分离。 任选地，也可以将固体添加剂引入水解反应器以将半纤维素低聚物转化为单体，以改善酸催化的木质素的分离。 在一些实施方案中，固体添加剂是石膏或石膏/木质素混合物。

公开(公告)号：US20160083635A1

公开(公告)日：2016-03-24

申请号：US14495652

申请日：2014-09-24

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Vesa PYLKKANEN ,  Kimberly NELSON

IPC: C09K3/18

CPC classification number: C09K3/185

Abstract: In some variations, the invention provides a deicer composition comprising alkali acetate, a solvent (such as water) for the alkali acetate, and a corrosion inhibitor comprising lignin or a lignin derivative. The acetate and the lignin or lignin derivative are preferably each derived from the same biomass feedstock. In some embodiments, the alkali is selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the alkali acetate is present in a concentration from about 30 wt % to about 99 wt %. Deicer products may be a crystallized or dried form of the deicer composition.

公开(公告)号：US20150368540A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-24

申请号：US14743771

申请日：2015-06-18

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Jean-Pierre MONCLIN ,  Kimberly NELSON ,  Theodora RETSINA

IPC: C09K8/32 ,  C09K8/10 ,  C09K8/035

CPC classification number: C09K8/32 ,  C09K8/035 ,  C09K8/10 ,  C09K8/64 ,  C09K8/68 ,  C09K8/685 ,  C09K8/80 ,  C09K8/82 ,  C09K8/88 ,  C09K8/887 ,  C09K8/90 ,  C09K2208/08 ,  C09K2208/10

Abstract: This disclosure provides drilling fluids and additives as well as fracturing fluids and additives that contain cellulose nanofibers and/or cellulose nanocrystals. In some embodiments, hydrophobic nanocellulose is provided which can be incorporated into oil-based fluids and additives. These water-based or oil-based fluids and additives may further include lignosulfonates and other biomass-derived components. Also, these water-based or oil-based fluids and additives may further include enzymes. The drilling and fracturing fluids and additives described herein may be produced using the AVAP® process technology to produce a nanocellulose precursor, followed by low-energy refining to produce nanocellulose for incorporation into a variety of drilling and fracturing fluids and additives.

Abstract translation: 本公开提供了钻井液和添加剂以及包含纤维素纳米纤维和/或纤维素纳米晶体的压裂流体和添加剂。 在一些实施方案中，提供可以并入油基流体和添加剂中的疏水性纳米纤维素。 这些水基或油基流体和添加剂可以进一步包括木质素磺酸盐和其它生物质衍生的组分。 此外，这些水基或油性流体和添加剂还可以包括酶。 本文所述的钻井和压裂流体和添加剂可以使用AVAP工艺技术来生产，以产生纳米纤维素前体，随后进行低能量精炼以制备纳米纤维，以便结合到各种钻井和压裂流体和添加剂中。

公开(公告)号：US20150275432A1

公开(公告)日：2015-10-01

申请号：US14673811

申请日：2015-03-30

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Theodora RETSINA

IPC: D21H11/02 ,  C12P19/02 ,  D21H11/08 ,  C12P7/10 ,  D21H11/12 ,  D21H11/10

CPC classification number: D21H11/02 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C13K1/02 ,  C13K1/06 ,  C13K13/002 ,  D21C3/04 ,  D21C3/06 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C5/00 ,  D21C9/10 ,  D21H11/08 ,  D21H11/10 ,  D21H11/12 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02P20/125

Abstract: In some variations, a process is provided for producing a pulp product at a biorefinery site, comprising: converting a woody cellulosic material to a first pulp stream; converting a non-woody cellulosic material to a second pulp stream; blending the second pulp stream into the first pulp stream; and recovering or further processing the blended pulp stream as a pulp product. Biorefinery site infrastructure may be shared between the woody and non-woody lines. Also, the process may include process integration of mass and/or energy between the woody and non-woody lines. The process may be a retrofit addition to a pulp plant, or a greenfield biorefinery site. The non-woody line also can generate fermentable sugars, for fermentation to ethanol (or other products). Through allocation of carbon credits from the ethanol to the pulp, the final pulp product life-cycle profile can be improved.

Abstract translation: 在一些变型中，提供了用于在生物精炼场所生产纸浆产品的方法，包括：将木质纤维素材料转化为第一纸浆流; 将非木质纤维素材料转化为第二纸浆流; 将第二纸浆流混合到第一纸浆流中; 并回收或进一步处理作为纸浆产品的混合纸浆流。 生物精炼厂的基础设施可能在木本和非木质生产线之间共享。 此外，该过程可以包括在木本和非木本线之间的质量和/或能量的过程整合。 该方法可以是对纸浆厂或绿地生物精炼​​厂的改造添加剂。 非木质线也可以产生可发酵的糖，用于发酵成乙醇（或其他产品）。 通过从乙醇向纸浆分配碳信用，可以提高最终的纸浆生产周期。

公开(公告)号：US09145529B2

公开(公告)日：2015-09-29

申请号：US14173332

申请日：2014-02-05

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Theodora Retsina ,  Vesa Pylkkanen

IPC: C12P7/10 ,  C10L5/44 ,  C13K13/00 ,  F23G7/10 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14

CPC classification number: C10L5/44 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C13K13/007 ,  F23G7/10 ,  F23G7/105 ,  F23G2900/50206 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/15 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02E50/30 ,  Y02P20/136

Abstract: This invention provides processes to convert biomass into energy-dense biomass for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. Some embodiments provide processes for producing energy-dense biomass from cellulosic biomass, comprising extracting the feedstock with steam and/or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; separating the extract liquor, to produce dewatered cellulose-rich solids; hydrolyzing the dewatered cellulose-rich solids, thereby removing a portion of the cellulose, to produce intermediate solids (with higher energy density) and a hydrolysate; drying the intermediate solids to produce energy-dense biomass; and optionally recovering fermentable sugars from the hydrolysate. The energy-dense biomass may be pelletized into biomass pellets, which may have a similar energy density as torrefied pellets from wood. The hemicellulosic oligomers may be further hydrolyzed to produce additional fermentable sugars. The fermentable sugars may be fermented to ethanol or another product.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了将生物质转化为能量密集生物质用于燃烧的方法，单独或与另一种固体燃料组合。 一些实施方案提供了用于从纤维素生物质生产能量密度生物质的方法，包括用蒸汽和/或热水萃取原料以产生含有半纤维素低聚物，溶解的木质素和富含纤维素的固体的提取液; 分离萃取液，产生脱水的富含纤维素的固体; 水解脱水的富含纤维素的固体，从而除去一部分纤维素，以产生中等固体（具有较高的能量密度）和水解产物; 干燥中间体固体以产生能量密集的生物质; 并任选地从水解产物中回收可发酵的糖。 能量密度生物质可以被造粒成生物质颗粒，其可以具有与来自木材的焙烧颗粒相似的能量密度。 半纤维素低聚物可进一步水解以产生额外的可发酵糖。 可发酵糖可以发酵成乙醇或其他产品。

公开(公告)号：US20150259709A1

公开(公告)日：2015-09-17

申请号：US14640255

申请日：2015-03-06

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN

IPC: C12P7/14 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C3/06 ,  D21H11/12

CPC classification number: C12P7/14 ,  C12P7/10 ,  D21C3/04 ,  D21C3/06 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C9/10 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  D21H11/12 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02E50/17 ,  Y02P40/44

Abstract: The disclosure provides a process for producing fluff pulp and ethanol from sugarcane bagasse or straw, comprising: fractionating the feedstock in the presence of an acid catalyst, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate a solid/liquid slurry comprising cellulose-rich solids, hemicelluloses, and lignin; separating the solid/liquid slurry into a solid stream and a liquid stream; further treating the cellulose-rich solids to produce fluff pulp; hydrolyzing the hemicelluloses to generate hemicellulose monomers; and fermenting at least a portion of the hemicellulose monomers to cellulosic ethanol. Lignin is removed from the process during one or more steps and combusted to provide energy for process requirements. The process is integrated with, and provides energy to, a first-generation process that ferments sugarcane-derived sucrose to first-generation ethanol. Similar processes are possible with energy cane, corn, and other crops.

Abstract translation: 本公开提供了从甘蔗渣或秸秆生产绒毛浆和乙醇的方法，包括：在酸催化剂，木质素和水的溶剂存在下，分馏原料，以产生包含富含纤维素的固体的固体/液体浆料 ，半纤维素和木质素; 将固体/液体浆料分离成固体流和液体流; 进一步处理富含纤维素的固体以产生绒毛浆; 水解半纤维素以产生半纤维素单体; 并将至少一部分半纤维素单体发酵至纤维素乙醇。 在一个或多个步骤中将木质素从工艺中去除并燃烧以提供工艺要求的能量。 该过程与向第一代乙醇发酵甘蔗衍生的蔗糖的第一代方法相结合并提供能量。 能量甘蔗，玉米和其他作物可以进行类似的处理。

公开(公告)号：US20150191873A1

公开(公告)日：2015-07-09

申请号：US14590681

申请日：2015-01-06

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Vesa PYLKKANEN ,  Theodora RETSINA

IPC: D21H11/08

CPC classification number: D21C11/10 ,  D21B1/021 ,  D21C1/02 ,  D21C9/02 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  D21C11/0042 ,  D21H11/08

Abstract: An improved semichemical pulping process is disclosed to reduce washing costs and recovery process costs, while producing equivalent pulp and paper products. In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing a paper product from biomass, comprising: digesting lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of steam and/or hot water to generate an intermediate pulp material and a liquid phase containing extracted hemicelluloses; mechanically refining the intermediate pulp material, to generate a refined pulp material; and introducing the refined pulp material, the liquid phase, and optionally a separate solid material to a paper machine, to produce a paper product. The process optionally employs no washing step. When the liquid phase is washed from the intermediate pulp material or the refined pulp material using an aqueous wash solution, the wash filtrate may be introduced directly or indirectly to the paper machine.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种改进的半化学制浆方法，以减少洗涤成本和回收过程成本，同时生产等效的纸浆和纸制品。 在一些变型中，本发明提供了一种用于从生物质生产纸产品的方法，包括：在蒸汽和/或热水存在下消化木质纤维素生物质以产生中间纸浆材料和含有提取的半纤维素的液相; 机械地精炼中间纸浆材料，以产生精制纸浆材料; 并将精制纸浆材料，液相和任选的单独的固体材料引入造纸机，以生产纸制品。 该方法任选地不采用洗涤步骤。 当使用水性洗涤溶液从中间纸浆材料或精炼纸浆材料洗涤液相时，洗涤滤液可以直接或间接引入造纸机。

公开(公告)号：US20150184259A1

公开(公告)日：2015-07-02

申请号：US14583566

申请日：2014-12-26

Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

Inventor： Ryan ZEBROSKI ,  James SCHULTZE

IPC: C13K1/02 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C13K1/04 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P19/14

CPC classification number: C13K1/02 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  C13K1/04 ,  Y02E50/16

Abstract: The present invention is capable of producing glucose and hemicellulose sugars from lignocellulosic biomass. In some variations, a process includes optionally pre-steaming a biomass feedstock; extracting the feedstock with liquid hot water to produce glucan-rich solids and an extract liquor containing dissolved solids, which include hemicellulosic oligomers and lignin; washing the glucan-rich solids; hydrolyzing the hemicellulosic oligomers by contacting the extract liquor with an acid catalyst or enzymes possessing hemicellulase activity; separately hydrolyzing the glucan by contacting the glucan-rich solids stream with an acid catalyst or enzymes possessing glucanase activity, optionally with removing the glucose in situ by microfiltration and/or ultrafiltration; and recovering or fermenting each of the hemicellulosic monomers and the glucose. Preferred configurations and conditions are disclosed.

Abstract translation: 本发明能够从木质纤维素生物质生产葡萄糖和半纤维素糖。 在一些变型中，方法包括任选地预蒸汽生物质原料; 用液体热水提取原料以产生富含葡聚糖的固体，以及含有溶解的固体的提取液，包括半纤维素低聚物和木质素; 洗涤富含葡聚糖的固体; 通过使萃取液与酸催化剂或具有半纤维素酶活性的酶接触来水解半纤维素低聚物; 通过使富含葡聚糖的固体物流与酸催化剂或具有葡聚糖酶活性的酶接触来分别水解葡聚糖，任选地通过微量过滤和/或超滤原位除去葡萄糖; 并回收或发酵每种半纤维素单体和葡萄糖。 公开了优选的配置和条件。

公开(公告)号：US20150072389A1

公开(公告)日：2015-03-12

申请号：US14274265

申请日：2014-05-09

Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC

Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN ,  Rolf RYHAM

IPC: C13K1/02 ,  C08H7/00 ,  C01F11/46 ,  C12P7/10

CPC classification number: C13K1/02 ,  C01F11/46 ,  C08B3/00 ,  C08B37/0057 ,  C08H6/00 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P7/40 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  C12P2203/00 ,  D21C3/04 ,  D21C3/20 ,  D21C11/0007 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02P40/44

Abstract: A method for the fractionation of lignocellulosic materials into reactive chemical feedstock in a batch or semi continuous process by the stepwise treatment with aqueous aliphatic alcohols in the presence of sulfur dioxide or acid. Lignocellulosic material is fractionated in a fashion that cellulose is removed as pulp, or converted to esterified cellulose, cooking chemicals are reused, lignin is separated in the forms of reactive native lignin and reactive lignosulfonates and hemicelluloses are converted into fermentable sugars, while fermentation inhibitors are removed. In an integrated vapor compression stripper and evaporator system, aliphatic alcohol is removed from a liquid stream and the resulting stream is concentrated for further processing.

Abstract translation: 通过在二氧化硫或酸的存在下用脂族醇水溶液分级处理将分批或半连续方法中的木质纤维素材料分馏成反应性化学原料的方法。 将木质纤维素材料以纤维素作为纸浆去除或转化为酯化纤维素，蒸煮化学品被再利用，木质素以反应性天然木质素和反应性木质素磺酸盐的形式分离，半纤维素转化为可发酵糖，而发酵抑制剂为 删除。 在集成蒸汽压缩汽提器和蒸发器系统中，从液体流中除去脂族醇，并将所得流浓缩以进行进一步处理。