公开(公告)号：US5026992A

公开(公告)日：1991-06-25

申请号：US403587

申请日：1989-09-06

Applicant: Jacob Y. Wong

Inventor： Jacob Y. Wong

IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/18 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G08B17/117 ,  G08B29/20

CPC classification number: G08B29/20 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G08B17/117 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N2201/0228 ,  G01N2201/06186 ,  G01N2201/0696

Abstract: An instrument for determining the concentration of a particular gas that might be present in a sample has no moving parts and is extremely compact. The instrument uses as a source of radiation a device that has a radiating element whose temperature is alternated between T.sub.1 and T.sub.2 and whose spectrum approximates that of a blackbody. Radiation from this source is passed through a dual pass band filter that has two non-overlapping pass bands, one of which is centered at a wavelength at which the gas absorbs and the other of which is centered at a wavelength at which the sample does not absorb radiation. After passing through this filter, the radiation passes through the sample chamber and then is intercepted by a detector which produces an electrical signal determined by the radiation intercepted. The electrical signal is processed to provide an indication of the concentration of the gas.

Abstract translation: 用于确定样品中可能存在的特定气体的浓度的仪器没有移动部件并且非常紧凑。 该仪器用作辐射源，该装置具有辐射元件，其温度在T1和T2之间交替，其光谱近似于黑体的辐射元件。 来自该源的辐射通过双通带滤波器，该双通带滤波器具有两个不重叠的通带，其中一个通道以气体吸收的波长为中心，另一个通过频带以样品不在波长为中心 吸收辐射。 在通过该滤光器之后，辐射通过样品室，然后由检测器截取，该检测器产生由截断的辐射确定的电信号。 处理电信号以提供气体浓度的指示。

公开(公告)号：US4293225A

公开(公告)日：1981-10-06

申请号：US53340

申请日：1979-06-29

Applicant: John E. G. Wheaton ,  David Griffiths ,  Richard C. M. Learner

Inventor： John E. G. Wheaton ,  David Griffiths ,  Richard C. M. Learner

IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01N21/64

CPC classification number: G01N21/645 ,  G01N21/8507 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01J2001/1636 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01N2201/0218 ,  G01N2201/0696

Abstract: A submersible fluorometer of the type having a source transmitting light pulses into the fluid in which the fluorometer is submersed to cause material in suspension to fluoresce and a fluoroescence detector, wherein a second detector is used to measure the intensity of light output of the source during each pulse of light, the outputs of the fluorescence detector and the second detector are sampled during each pulse of light and a ratioing circuit is used to determine the intensity of the fluorescence relative to the intensity of the light causing fluorescence. This arrangement compensates the output for both short and long term drift effects particularly in the light source. Preferably both the light transmitted to the said fluid and the light received therefrom is filtered, in the first case to remove light having wavelengths equal to or longer than that of the fluorescence and in the second case to remove light having wavelengths shorter than that of the fluoroscence.

Abstract translation: 一种潜水荧光计，其具有将光脉冲传输到荧光计浸没在其中以使材料悬浮以发荧光的荧光的荧光源，以及荧光检测器，其中使用第二检测器来测量源的光输出强度 每个脉冲光，荧光检测器和第二检测器的输出在光的每个脉冲期间被采样，并且使用比例电路来确定相对于引起荧光的光的强度的荧光强度。 这种布置补偿特别是在光源中的短期和长期漂移效应的输出。 优选地，透射到所述流体的光和从其接收的光都被过滤，在第一种情况下，以除去波长等于或长于荧光的波长的光，并且在第二种情况下，去除具有比荧光的波长短的波长的光 荧光

公开(公告)号：US20180217056A1

公开(公告)日：2018-08-02

申请号：US15747516

申请日：2016-07-27

Applicant: Gas Measurement Instruments Limited

Inventor： Crawford MASSIE ,  Fraser MATHIESON ,  Andrew GLENDINNING

IPC: G01N21/3518 ,  G01N21/31

CPC classification number: G01N21/3518 ,  G01J1/1626 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N33/0059 ,  G01N2021/3166 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: A detector has a sensor responsive to a first wavelength, a sensor responsive to a second wavelength, and a sensor for collecting reference readings. A gas sample is analysed to obtain readings corresponding to the first wavelength, the second wavelength and a reference. A first absorption figure is calculated using the first reading and the reference reading, and a second absorption figure using the second reading and the reference reading. A lineariser function is applied to the first and second absorption figures to calculate first and second concentration figures. The sensor for each wavelength is calibrated for detecting the first gas such that the data collected at each wavelength gives the same reading when only the first gas is present. The ratio of the first concentration figure to the second concentration figure is used to identify whether only the first gas is present.

公开(公告)号：US5369397A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-29

申请号：US874394

申请日：1992-04-27

Applicant: Jacob Y. Wong

Inventor： Jacob Y. Wong

IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/18 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G08B17/117 ,  G08B29/20 ,  G08B17/10

CPC classification number: G01N21/255 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G08B17/117 ,  G08B29/20 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N2201/0228 ,  G01N2201/06186 ,  G01N2201/0696

Abstract: The fire detector includes a carbon dioxide sensor and a microcomputer. When the rate of increase of the concentration of carbon dioxide at the sensor exceeds a threshold, an alarm is produced. The threshold is set at one of three possible levels by the microcomputer in response to the state of the atmosphere at the sensor as determined by the microcomputer based on several variables that are derived from the sensed concentration of carbon dioxide. The derived variables include the average concentration of carbon dioxide, the average rate of change of carbon dioxide concentration, the monotonicity of the increase or decrease of the carbon dioxide concentration and the range of concentrations sensed in each cycle of operation. The threshold setting is determined every ten seconds. In this way, the setting of the rate threshold is responsive to variations in the carbon dioxide level at the sensor that are caused by entities other than a fire, such as the presence or absence of people in a closed room.

Abstract translation: 火灾探测器包括二氧化碳传感器和微型计算机。 当传感器中二氧化碳浓度增加的速度超过阈值时，会产生报警。 由微型计算机响应于由微型计算机确定的气氛状态，根据从感测到的二氧化碳浓度导出的几个变量，阈值被设置在三个可能的水平之一。 衍生变量包括二氧化碳的平均浓度，二氧化碳浓度的平均变化率，二氧化碳浓度的增加或减少的单调性以及在每个操作周期中感测到的浓度范围。 阈值设置每10秒钟确定一次。 以这种方式，速率阈值的设置响应于由火焰以外的实体引起的传感器处的二氧化碳水平的变化，例如在封闭房间中存在或不存在人。

公开(公告)号：US5163332A

公开(公告)日：1992-11-17

申请号：US793990

申请日：1991-11-18

Applicant: Jacob Y. Wong

Inventor： Jacob Y. Wong

IPC: G01N21/35 ,  G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/18 ,  G01N1/00 ,  G01N1/22 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/61 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/117 ,  G08B29/20

CPC classification number: G01N21/0303 ,  G01N1/2258 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G08B17/117 ,  G08B29/20 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01N2001/2261 ,  G01N2021/0321 ,  G01N2021/0385 ,  G01N2021/052 ,  G01N21/0332 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N2201/0228 ,  G01N2201/06186 ,  G01N2201/0696

Abstract: A diffusion-type gas sample chamber for use in a gas analyzer consists of an elongated hollow tube having an inwardly-facing specularly-reflective surface that permits the tube to function also as a light pipe for transmitting radiation from a source to a detector through the sample gas. A number of filtering apertures in the wall of the otherwise non-porous hollow tube permit the sample gas to enter and exit freely under ambient pressure. Particles of smoke and dust of a size greater than 0.1 micron are kept out of the chamber by use of a semi-permeable membrane that spans the apertures in the hollow tube. Condensation of the sample gas components is prevented by heating the sample chamber electrically to a temperature above the dew point of the component of concern.

Abstract translation: 用于气体分析仪的扩散型气体样本室由具有朝内的镜面反射表面的细长的中空管组成，该中空管允许管也用作用于将辐射从源传输到检测器的光管 样气 否则无孔中空管的壁中的多个过滤孔允许样品气体在环境压力下自由进出。 通过使用跨越中空管中的孔的半透膜将尺寸大于0.1微米的烟尘颗粒保持在室外。 通过将样品室电加热到高于所关注部件的露点的温度来防止样品气体组分的冷凝。

公开(公告)号：US5148217A

公开(公告)日：1992-09-15

申请号：US719452

申请日：1991-06-24

Applicant: David D. Almeter ,  William A. Resch, III

Inventor： David D. Almeter ,  William A. Resch, III

IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/18 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G03G15/00

CPC classification number: G01J1/18 ,  G01N21/4738 ,  G03G15/5041 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01N2021/4769 ,  G01N2201/0621 ,  G03G2215/00042

Abstract: A densitometer includes a light source positioned to project light rays to a test surface. A photodetector is positioned to receive light rays from the surface, and has an output which is characteristic of the amount of light received. The densitometer includes a voltage source and a photodetector which generates an output signal which is a function of a measured density and of the voltage of the source. A log amp produces a signal which is substantially proportional to the ratio of the output of the photodetector and a second output signal which is also a function of the voltage of the source.

Abstract translation: 密度计包括定位成将光线投射到测试表面的光源。 光电检测器被定位成从表面接收光线，并且具有作为所接收的光量的特征的输出。 密度计包括电压源和光电检测器，其产生作为测量的密度和源的电压的函数的输出信号。 对数放大器产生与光电检测器的输出和第二输出信号的比率基本成比例的信号，该信号也是源的电压的函数。

公开(公告)号：US5055690A

公开(公告)日：1991-10-08

申请号：US458244

申请日：1989-12-28

Applicant: Ulrich Bonne

Inventor： Ulrich Bonne

IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35

CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 ,  G01J1/1626 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01N2021/3166 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: A method of eliminating additional absorption caused by water vapor in detecting gases wherein absorption of infrared light is used to determine measured abosrption signals and interference absorption signals. The method of eliminating water vapor absorption comprises the steps of emitting infrared light from a light source into an optical cell, and admitting sample gas into the optical cell. The infrared light is passed through the optical cell to a chopper wheel which positions at least two band pass filters and the filtered light emitted from the band pass filters is detected by an infrared radiation detector. The interference caused by water vapor absorption at a measurement channel is subtracted and thus, a true measurement channel which is free of any interference caused by water vapor absorption is produced. The true measurement channel is used to positvely and accurately identify the gas. The method of this invention may also be used to eliminate interference around more than one measurement channel.

Abstract translation: 在检测气体中消除由水蒸气引起的附加吸收的方法，其中使用红外光的吸收来确定测量的吸收信号和干扰吸收信号。 消除水蒸汽吸收的方法包括以下步骤：将来自光源的红外光发射到光学单元中，并将样品气体导入光学单元。 将红外光通过光学单元传送到定位至少两个带通滤光器的斩波轮，并且通过红外辐射检测器检测从带通滤波器发射的滤波光。 减去在测量通道处的水蒸汽吸收引起的干扰，因此，产生没有由水蒸气吸收引起的任何干扰的真实的测量通道。 真正的测量通道用于正确和准确地识别气体。 本发明的方法也可用于消除多于一个测量通道周围的干扰。

公开(公告)号：US4996431A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-26

申请号：US308468

申请日：1989-02-10

Applicant: Ulrich Bonne ,  Robert J. Matthys

Inventor： Ulrich Bonne ,  Robert J. Matthys

IPC: G01J1/16 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35

CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 ,  G01J1/1626 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01J2001/4242 ,  G01N2021/3166 ,  G01N21/314

Abstract: A selective gas detecting apparatus for determining the concentration and type of hydrocarbon gas in a gas sample based upon absorption of infrared radiation by the gas sample, the apparatus having two infrared radiation absorption channels with the wavelengths for measurement selected so that one channel at 3.2 microns provides an output signal corresponding to approximately the sum of all hydrocarbons in the gas sample which signal is displayed as an indication of concentration of hydrocarbon gas in the gas sample, and the other channel at 3.4 microns, after essentially being ratioed to the 3.2 micron channel output provides an output signal representative of the type or average type of hydrocarbon in the gas sample, and the ratio of the signal in the two channels is displayed as an indication of the type of hydrocarbon in the gas sample.

Abstract translation: 一种选择性气体检测装置，用于基于气体样品对红外辐射的吸收来确定气体样品中的烃气体的浓度和类型，所述装置具有两个红外辐射吸收通道，其具有用于测量的波长，使得在3.2微米处的一个通道 提供对应于气体样品中所有烃类总和的输出信号，该信号被显示为气体样品中烃类气体的浓度的指示，而在3.4微米之后，基本上与3.2微米通道 输出提供表示气体样品中烃类型或平均类型的输出信号，并且将两个通道中的信号的比率显示为气体样品中烃类型的指示。

公开(公告)号：US4601582A

公开(公告)日：1986-07-22

申请号：US800903

申请日：1985-11-22

Applicant: William T. Casey, Jr.

Inventor： William T. Casey, Jr.

IPC: F21V19/04 ,  G01J1/16 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01N21/33

CPC classification number: G01N21/255 ,  F21V19/04 ,  G01J1/1626 ,  G01J2001/161 ,  G01N21/0317 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/85

Abstract: A spectrophotometer is shown in which a deuterium lamp emits a plurality of frequencies of interest the beam passes through a filter for selecting the wavelength of the light desired to be incident onto the sample and then onto a beam splitting plate which diverts a relatively small friction of the beam to a first reference photocell. The remaining portion of the beam then is incident directly on a sample tube. The sample tube may be so designed that its transparent walls form a lens focusing the beam on the sample to be tested. The beam then passes through the further wall of the sample tube and is detected by a second testing photocell, the output of which may be compared to the output of the reference photocell to provide a signal indicative of the relative amplitude of the testing beam. The reference photocell may be used to insure that the intensity of the beam incident on the beam splitter remains constant over time so that values output by the testing photocell may be comparable to measurements taken at a later time, without the use of a reference sample for calibration purposes. A sample cell is provided which allows the use of the instrument of the invention in on-line applications in high pressure systems. A particularly preferred method of mounting the deuterium bulb is also shown.

Abstract translation: 示出了分光光度计，其中氘灯发射多个感兴趣的频率，光束通过滤光器，用于选择期望入射到样品上的光的波长，然后到达分束板，该分束板将相对较小的摩擦转移 光束到第一参考光电管。 然后光束的剩余部分直接入射到样品管上。 样品管可以被设计成使得其透明壁形成将光束聚焦在要测试的样品上的透镜。 然后光束通过样品管的另一壁，并由第二测试光电池检测，其输出可以与参考光电管的输出进行比较，以提供指示测试光束的相对幅度的信号。 参考光电池可以用于确保入射到分束器上的光束的强度随时间保持恒定，使得由测试光电池输出的值可以与以后的测量值相当，而不使用参考样品 校准目的。 提供了一种样品池，其允许在高压系统中使用本发明的仪器在线应用。 还示出了安装氘灯泡的特别优选的方法。

公开(公告)号：US09283771B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-15

申请号：US14598800

申请日：2015-01-16

Applicant: Shigeaki Imai

Inventor： Shigeaki Imai

IPC: B41J2/47 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J1/16 ,  B41J2/447

CPC classification number: B41J2/47 ,  B41J2/447 ,  G01J1/16 ,  G01J2001/161

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a print head includes a first step of finding first light quantity related data showing a light quantity in a light spot formed by lighting up each of light-emitting units by a driving unit by using a first threshold, a second step of finding first magnitude related data showing a magnitude in the light spot formed by lighting up the light-emitting unit by the driving unit by using a second threshold, a third step of finding first ratio data showing a ratio between the first light quantity related data and the first magnitude related data, a fourth step of finding light quantity correction data to the light-emitting unit forming the light spot as a target by using the first ratio data, and a fifth step of retaining the found light quantity correction data to the print head.

Abstract translation: 一种制造打印头的方法包括：第一步骤，找到第一光量相关数据，其显示通过使用第一阈值由驱动单元点亮每个发光单元形成的光点中的光量;第二步骤 找到第一幅度相关数据，显示通过使用第二阈值由驱动单元点亮发光单元而形成的光斑中的大小;第三步骤，找到第一比率数据，其示出第一光量相关数据与第一光量相关数据之间的比率 第一幅度相关数据，第四步骤，通过使用第一比率数据将形成光点的发光单元找到光量校正数据作为目标;以及第五步骤，将找到的光量校正数据保存到打印机 头。