公开(公告)号：US4862002A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-29

申请号：US200245

申请日：1988-05-31

Applicant: Samuel C. Wang ,  David N. Ludington

Inventor： Samuel C. Wang ,  David N. Ludington

IPC: G01J5/06 ,  G01J5/28 ,  H01L31/024 ,  H04N5/33

CPC classification number: G01J5/28 ,  H01L31/024 ,  H04N5/33 ,  G01J2005/283 ,  G01J5/061

Abstract: The invention relates to a multiple channel readout circuit optimized for a cryogenically operated IR sensor head. The circuit is applicable to the individual channel preamplifiers of a charge injection device (CID) IR sensor. Since the thermal leakage must be minimized, the voltages on the principal current supply path to the individual preamplifiers will vary when a strong signal is present on any channel. Crosstalk is avoided by using a four transistor cascode preamplifier circuit having a source follower output, in which the gate of the transistor, which acts as a load to the two cascoded transistors, is isolated from the drain of the load transistor, connected to a gate load node common to the other channels, and the node connected via a single connection of high thermal impedance to a terminal external to the cryogenic environment, at which filtering may be provided as needed.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及针对低温操作的红外传感器头优化的多通道读出电路。 该电路适用于电荷注入装置（CID）IR传感器的各个通道前置放大器。 由于热泄漏必须最小化，当任何通道上存在强信号时，各个前置放大器的主电流供应通路上的电压将会发生变化。 通过使用具有源极跟随器输出的四晶体管共源共栅前置放大器电路来避免串扰，其中用作两个级联光电晶体管的负载的晶体管的栅极与连接到栅极的负载晶体管的漏极隔离 其他通道共用的负载节点，以及通过高热阻抗的单个连接连接到低温环境外部的终端的节点，根据需要可以提供过滤。

公开(公告)号：US4827130A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-02

申请号：US111832

申请日：1987-10-22

Applicant: Charles W. Reno

Inventor： Charles W. Reno

IPC: G01J5/08 ,  G01J5/28 ,  G02B13/14 ,  G02B23/12 ,  G01J1/42

CPC classification number: G02B13/22 ,  G01J5/061 ,  G01J5/08 ,  G01J5/0806 ,  G01J5/28 ,  G02B13/14 ,  G02B23/12 ,  G01J2005/283

Abstract: An infrared imager includes an array of imager elements. Infrared radiation is focussed onto the array by a lens assembly including a plurality of lens elements. The imager array and the lens are within a cold box which includes an infrared-transparent window. For low noise, a spectrum-limiting filter is also located within the cold box, between the lens assembly and the window, at or within the pupil relief distance of the lens assembly. The pupil relief distance is extended by the use of at least one aspheric surface for one of the lens elements of the lens assembly. The mounting structure of the filter is the aperture stop for the infrared imager. The field of view may be reduced, if desired, without significant effect on the noise performance by use of a telescope including a second lens assembly optically identical to the first lens assembly, operated in conjunction with a confocal large-diameter lens assembly.

Abstract translation: 红外成像仪包括一组成像元件。 通过包括多个透镜元件的透镜组件将红外辐射聚焦到阵列上。 成像器阵列和透镜在包括红外透明窗的冷箱内。 对于低噪声，频谱限制滤波器也位于透镜组件和瞳孔释放距离之间或之内的冷盒中，在透镜组件和窗口之间。 通过使用透镜组件的透镜元件中的一个的至少一个非球面来延长光瞳释放距离。 过滤器的安装结构是红外成像仪的孔径光阑。 如果需要，可以通过使用包括与第一透镜组件光学相同的第二透镜组件的望远镜结合共焦大直径透镜组件来操作，可以减少视场，而不会对噪声性能产生显着影响。

公开(公告)号：US20240192059A1

公开(公告)日：2024-06-13

申请号：US18554076

申请日：2022-05-06

Applicant: trinamiX GmbH

Inventor： Tobias BAUMGARTNER ,  Sourabh KULKARNI ,  Celal Mohan OEGUEN

IPC: G01J5/28 ,  G01J5/06 ,  G01J5/52

CPC classification number: G01J5/28 ,  G01J5/06 ,  G01J5/52 ,  G01J2005/065 ,  G01J2005/283

Abstract: The present invention refers to a device (112) for monitoring an emission temperature of at least one radiation emitting element (114), a heating system (110) for heating at the least one radiation emitting element (114) to emit thermal radiation at an emission temperature, a method for monitoring an emission temperature of at least one radiation emitting element (114) and method for heating the at least one radiation emitting element (114) to emit thermal radiation at an emission temperature. Herein, the device (112) for monitoring an emission temperature of at least one radiation emitting element (114) comprises—at least one light source (125), wherein the light source is configured to emit optical radiation at least partially towards the at least one radiation emitting element (114); —at least one radiation sensitive element (126), wherein the at least one radiation sensitive element (126) has at least one sensor region (128), wherein the at least one sensor region (128) comprises at least one photosensitive material selected from at least one photoconductive material, wherein the at least one sensor region (128) is designated for generating at least one sensor signal depending on an intensity of the thermal radiation emitted by the at least one radiation emitting element (114) and received by the sensor region (128) within at least one wavelength range, wherein the sensor region (128) is further designated for generating at least one further sensor signal depending on an intensity of the optical radiation emitted by the at least one light source (125) and received by the sensor region (128) within at least one further wavelength range, wherein the at least one radiation sensitive element (126) is arranged in a manner that the thermal radiation travels through at least one transition material (116) prior to being received by the at least one radiation sensitive element (126), wherein at least one of the at least one light source (125) and the at least one radiation sensitive element (126) is arranged in a manner that the optical radiation travels through the at least one transition material (116) and impinges the at least one radiation emitting element (114) prior to being received by the at least one radiation sensitive element (126); and—at least one evaluation unit (138), wherein the at least one evaluation unit (138) is configured to determine the emission temperature of the at least one radiation emitting element (114) by using values for the intensity of the thermal radiation and the optical radiation.

公开(公告)号：US20170131148A1

公开(公告)日：2017-05-11

申请号：US15156115

申请日：2016-05-16

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology ,  Trustees of Boston University

Inventor： Harold Y. Hwang ,  Mengkun Liu ,  Richard D. Averitt ,  Keith A. Nelson ,  Aaron Sternbach ,  Kebin Fan

IPC: G01J5/28 ,  H01L27/146 ,  G01J5/20

CPC classification number: G01J5/28 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01J2005/0077 ,  G01J2005/202 ,  G01J2005/283 ,  G01J2005/286 ,  H01L27/14636 ,  H01L27/1464 ,  H01L27/14669 ,  H01L31/09

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting electromagnetic radiation within a target frequency range is provided. The apparatus includes a substrate and one or more resonator structures disposed on the substrate. The substrate can be a dielectric or semiconductor material. Each of the one or more resonator structures has at least one dimension that is less than the wavelength of target electromagnetic radiation within the target frequency range, and each of the resonator structures includes at least two conductive structures separated by a spacing. Charge carriers are induced in the substrate near the spacing when the resonator structures are exposed to the target electromagnetic radiation. A measure of the change in conductivity of the substrate due to the induced charge carriers provides an indication of the presence of the target electromagnetic radiation.

公开(公告)号：US20150285687A1

公开(公告)日：2015-10-08

申请号：US14634307

申请日：2015-02-27

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology ,  Trustees of Boston University

Inventor： Harold Y. Hwang ,  Mengkun Liu ,  Richard D. Averitt ,  Keith A. Nelson ,  Aaron Sternbach ,  Kebin Fan

IPC: G01J5/28 ,  G01J5/20

CPC classification number: G01J5/28 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01J2005/0077 ,  G01J2005/202 ,  G01J2005/283 ,  G01J2005/286 ,  H01L27/14636 ,  H01L27/1464 ,  H01L27/14669 ,  H01L31/09

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting electromagnetic radiation within a target frequency range is provided. The apparatus includes a substrate and one or more resonator structures disposed on the substrate. The substrate can be a dielectric or semiconductor material. Each of the one or more resonator structures has at least one dimension that is less than the wavelength of target electromagnetic radiation within the target frequency range, and each of the resonator structures includes at least two conductive structures separated by a spacing. Charge carriers are induced in the substrate near the spacing when the resonator structures are exposed to the target electromagnetic radiation. A measure of the change in conductivity of the substrate due to the induced charge carriers provides an indication of the presence of the target electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract translation: 提供一种用于检测目标频率范围内的电磁辐射的装置。 该装置包括衬底和设置在衬底上的一个或多个谐振器结构。 衬底可以是电介质或半导体材料。 一个或多个谐振器结构中的每一个具有小于目标频率范围内的目标电磁辐射的波长的至少一个维度，并且每个谐振器结构都包括由间隔隔开的至少两个导电结构。 当谐振器结构暴露于目标电磁辐射时，电荷载流子在衬底附近被感应。 由于感应的电荷载体导致的衬底的电导率变化的测量提供了目标电磁辐射的存在的指示。

公开(公告)号：US09000376B2

公开(公告)日：2015-04-07

申请号：US13933557

申请日：2013-07-02

Applicant: Harold Y. Hwang ,  Mengkun Liu ,  Richard D. Averitt ,  Keith A. Nelson ,  Aaron Sternbach ,  Kebin Fan

Inventor： Harold Y. Hwang ,  Mengkun Liu ,  Richard D. Averitt ,  Keith A. Nelson ,  Aaron Sternbach ,  Kebin Fan

IPC: G01J5/02 ,  G01J5/28 ,  G01J5/20 ,  H01L31/09

CPC classification number: G01J5/28 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01J2005/0077 ,  G01J2005/202 ,  G01J2005/283 ,  G01J2005/286 ,  H01L27/14636 ,  H01L27/1464 ,  H01L27/14669 ,  H01L31/09

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting electromagnetic radiation within a target frequency range is provided. The apparatus includes a substrate and one or more resonator structures disposed on the substrate. The substrate can be a dielectric or semiconductor material. Each of the one or more resonator structures has at least one dimension that is less than the wavelength of target electromagnetic radiation within the target frequency range, and each of the resonator structures includes at least two conductive structures separated by a spacing. Charge carriers are induced in the substrate near the spacing when the resonator structures are exposed to the target electromagnetic radiation. A measure of the change in conductivity of the substrate due to the induced charge carriers provides an indication of the presence of the target electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract translation: 提供一种用于检测目标频率范围内的电磁辐射的装置。 该装置包括衬底和设置在衬底上的一个或多个谐振器结构。 衬底可以是电介质或半导体材料。 一个或多个谐振器结构中的每一个具有小于目标频率范围内的目标电磁辐射的波长的至少一个维度，并且每个谐振器结构都包括由间隔隔开的至少两个导电结构。 当谐振器结构暴露于目标电磁辐射时，电荷载流子在衬底附近被感应。 由于感应的电荷载体导致的衬底的电导率变化的测量提供了目标电磁辐射的存在的指示。

公开(公告)号：US4952811A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-28

申请号：US369403

申请日：1989-06-21

Applicant: C. Thomas Elliott

Inventor： C. Thomas Elliott

IPC: G01J5/28 ,  G01J5/60 ,  H01L31/0296 ,  H01L31/103 ,  H01L33/00 ,  H01L33/28 ,  H01L33/34 ,  H01S5/06

CPC classification number: H01L33/34 ,  G01J5/28 ,  H01L31/02966 ,  H01L31/1032 ,  H01L33/0008 ,  H01L33/28 ,  H01S5/0607 ,  G01J2005/283 ,  G01J2005/604

Abstract: A tunable infrared detector employing a vanishing band gap semimetal material which is provided with an induced band gap by a magnetic field to allow intrinsic semiconductor type infrared detection capabilities. The semimetal material may thus operate as a semiconductor type detector with a wavelength sensitivity corresponding to the induced band gap in a preferred embodiment of a diode structure. Preferred semimetal materials include Hg.sub.1-x Cd.sub.x Te, x

Abstract translation: 使用消失带隙半金属材料的可调谐红外检测器，其通过磁场提供感应带隙以允许本征半导体型红外检测能力。 因此，在二极管结构的优选实施例中，半金属材料可以作为具有对应于感应带隙的波长灵敏度的半导体型检测器来操作。 优选的半金属材料包括Hg1-xCdxTe，x <0.15，HgCdSe，BiSb，α-Sn，HgMgTe，HgMnTe，HgZnTe，HgMnSe，HgMgSe和HgZnSe。 磁场在半金属材料中产生与磁场强度成比例的带隙，允许可调谐的检测截止波长。 对于5至10特斯拉的施加磁场，对于x约0.15的Hg1-xCdxTe合金，波长检测截止值将在20-50微米的范围内。 也可以采用类似的方法通过使用磁场来诱导期望的带隙然后以发光二极管或半导体激光器类型的结构来操作结构来产生期望波长的红外能量。

公开(公告)号：US4609820A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-02

申请号：US596706

申请日：1984-04-04

Applicant: Yoshihiro Miyamoto

Inventor： Yoshihiro Miyamoto

IPC: G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/06 ,  G01J5/06 ,  G01J5/28 ,  H01L31/0216 ,  G01J1/00

CPC classification number: G01J1/06 ,  G01J5/061 ,  H01L31/02164 ,  G01J2005/283 ,  Y10T428/24165

Abstract: An image sensing device is improved by an optical shield having a multi-aperture to provide high signal to noise ratio. The improved optical shield is provided with a plurality of shield elements forming a grid-like or cellular structure. With such a structure, the solid angle of the field of view for each sensing element becomes almost the same, resulting in the reduction of "shading". The distance between the heat shield and the array can be reduced, resulting in miniaturization of the device. Each sensing element is not shielded individually, so the pitch of the shield elements can be larger than that of the sensing elements, which allows easier and less costly fabrication of the shield.

Abstract translation: 通过具有多孔径的光屏蔽来改善图像感测装置以提供高的信噪比。 改进的光学屏蔽件设置有形成网格状或细胞结构的多个屏蔽元件。 利用这种结构，每个感测元件的视野的立体角变得几乎相同，导致“阴影”的减少。 可以减少隔热罩与阵列之间的距离，从而使装置小型化。 每个感测元件不被单独屏蔽，因此屏蔽元件的间距可以大于感测元件的间距，这允许更容易且更便宜地制造屏蔽件。

公开(公告)号：US09498013B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-22

申请号：US14491281

申请日：2014-09-19

Applicant: MOTOROLA SOLUTIONS, INC

Inventor： Darran Michael Handshaw ,  John E. Buchalo ,  Mark A. Krizik ,  Joseph C. Namm ,  Karthik Lakshminarayanan

IPC: G08B17/12 ,  A42B3/04 ,  G01J5/00 ,  G01J5/32 ,  G01J5/02 ,  G01J5/04 ,  G01J5/28 ,  G08B1/00 ,  G02B1/00

CPC classification number: A42B3/046 ,  G01J5/0018 ,  G01J5/025 ,  G01J5/04 ,  G01J5/32 ,  G01J2005/0077 ,  G01J2005/283 ,  G02B1/00 ,  G08B1/00

Abstract: A wearable safety apparatus includes a housing, a plurality of directional thermal imaging sensors mounted on the housing and facing outwardly away from the housing in a corresponding plurality of different directions towards thermal zones of a heat source. Each sensor detects infrared radiation (IR) intensity and generates an output indicative of a temperature of the detected IR intensity in a respective thermal zone faced by a respective sensor. An interface is mounted on the housing and has a display positioned to be viewable by a user, e.g., a firefighter. A controller processes the outputs generated by the sensors, and displays at a plurality of spaced-apart positions on the display a plurality of positional thermal indicators when the temperature in the respective thermal zone is elevated. The position of each positional thermal indicator corresponds to the thermal zone faced by the respective sensor.

Abstract translation: 一种可佩戴的安全装置包括壳体，多个定向热成像传感器，其安装在所述壳体上并且朝着朝向热源的热区域的相应的多个不同方向上面向外远离所述壳体。 每个传感器检测红外辐射（IR）强度，并产生指示相应传感器面对的相应热区域中检测到的IR强度的温度的输出。 接口安装在壳体上并具有定位成可由用户（例如消防员）观看的显示器。 控制器处理由传感器产生的输出，并且当相应热区中的温度升高时，在显示器上的多个间隔位置显示多个位置热指示器。 每个位置热指示器的位置对应于相应传感器所面对的热区。

公开(公告)号：US20160081415A1

公开(公告)日：2016-03-24

申请号：US14491281

申请日：2014-09-19

Applicant: MOTOROLA SOLUTIONS, INC

Inventor： DARRAN MICHAEL HANDSHAW ,  JOHN E. BUCHALO ,  MARK A. KRIZIK ,  JOSEPH C. NAMM

IPC: A42B3/04 ,  G01J5/32 ,  G01J5/00

CPC classification number: A42B3/046 ,  G01J5/0018 ,  G01J5/025 ,  G01J5/04 ,  G01J5/32 ,  G01J2005/0077 ,  G01J2005/283 ,  G02B1/00 ,  G08B1/00

Abstract: A wearable safety apparatus includes a housing, a plurality of directional thermal imaging sensors mounted on the housing and facing outwardly away from the housing in a corresponding plurality of different directions towards thermal zones of a heat source. Each sensor detects infrared radiation (IR) intensity and generates an output indicative of a temperature of the detected IR intensity in a respective thermal zone faced by a respective sensor. An interface is mounted on the housing and has a display positioned to be viewable by a user, e.g., a firefighter. A controller processes the outputs generated by the sensors, and displays at a plurality of spaced-apart positions on the display a plurality of positional thermal indicators when the temperature in the respective thermal zone is elevated. The position of each positional thermal indicator corresponds to the thermal zone faced by the respective sensor.

Abstract translation: 一种可佩戴的安全装置包括壳体，多个定向热成像传感器，其安装在所述壳体上并且朝着朝向热源的热区域的相应的多个不同方向上面向外远离所述壳体。 每个传感器检测红外辐射（IR）强度，并产生指示相应传感器面对的相应热区域中检测到的IR强度的温度的输出。 接口安装在壳体上并具有定位成可由用户（例如消防员）观看的显示器。 控制器处理由传感器产生的输出，并且当相应热区中的温度升高时，在显示器上的多个间隔位置显示多个位置热指示器。 每个位置热指示器的位置对应于相应传感器所面对的热区。