Abstract:
Provided are an ion beam control apparatus and a control method for controlling an ion beam energy expansion level and an ion beam size in a radial direction. An ion beam control apparatus Sa is provided with an ion beam generating unit 2, and an ion beam control unit 1a in which a generated ion beam (IB) is input and controlled to be output with the prescribed level of energy expansion and the prescribed diameter in the radial direction. In the ion beam control unit 1a, phase rotation by a radio frequency electric field that increases existing probability with the prescribed level of energy is at least used.
Abstract:
An optoelectronic modulator is based on the concentration of an electron beam from an electron gun by a tapered cavity, which sides are photosensitive and change the electrical conductivity under the illumination of light (electromagnetic radiation). The light modulation causes the corresponding changes in the current transported across the walls of the cavity. The remaining part of the electron current exits the cavity aperture and forms an amplitude-modulated divergent electron beam.
Abstract:
A field-emission cathode comprises a substrate having a conductive surface, a gate electrode and a focusing electrode overlying the substrate with insulation layers interposed therebetween, a plurality of cavities formed by penetrating the gate electrode, focusing electrode and insulation layers, and an emitter formed in each of the cavities on the substrate for emission of an electron beam. The emitter has tip located at a level between the gate electrode and the focusing electrode, which receive therebetween a signal for modulating the electron beam at a high frequency.
Abstract:
An electron-beam generator includes an electron-emitting device and a modulating electrode capable of modulating an electron beam emitted from the electron-emitting device in response to an information signal. The modulating electrode and the electron-emitting device are laminated so as to interpose an insulating substrate therebetween.
Abstract:
An electron beam apparatus comprises an electron gun having a cathode consisting of single-crystal lanthanum hexaboride and a plurality of electron lenses for projecting the cross-over image of an electron beam emitted from the electron gun as a reduced-scale image onto a sample. It further comprises a circuit for measuring the brightness and shape of the cross-over image projected onto the sample and the emission pattern of the electron beam emitted from the electron gun, and a circuit for applying a bias voltage, with which the cross-over image has a desired brightness and is round and the emission pattern is anisotropic, to the electron gun.
Abstract:
An electron-beam apparatus is provided with an electrode for intercepting a portion of the electron beam so as to achieve automatio cathode temperature control. The filament current is controlled by means of a signal derived from this interception electrode.
Abstract:
An electronic component package has a first sealing member main surface with mounted electronic element, and a second sealing member. An outer circumference portion of a second sealing member is molded into a tapered shape, providing a tapered area in at least part of the outer circumference. A flat area adjacent to the tapered area is provided in at least part of a flat portion inward of the outer circumference portion of the surface of the second sealing member. A first area corresponding to the tapered area and a second area corresponding to the flat area are provided adjacent to each other on a first main surface of the first sealing member with mounted electronic component element. A width W2 of the second area is 0.66 to 1.2 times a width W4 of the flat area. First and second bonding layers are formed and bonded with each other by heating.
Abstract:
A charged particle beam irradiation apparatus includes: a scanning electromagnet that scans a charged particle beam; and a degrader that is provided on a downstream side of the scanning electromagnet in a scanning direction of the charged particle beam and adjusts a range of the charged particle beam by reducing energy of the charged particle beam. The degrader is configured to be closer to an upstream side in the scanning direction of the charged particle beam, outward in the scanning direction.
Abstract:
A system and method for displaying trade information is disclosed. The method includes receiving from a host exchange a plurality of trade notifications, each trade notification corresponding to an executed trade, and for each executed trade of interest, determining whether the executed trade belongs in an aggregated set with one or more other executed trades. All executed trades in an aggregated set are for the same associated tradable object, have traded at the same associated trade price, and have been executed within a predetermined time period of each other. Aggregated sets are displayed a user display with an associated aggregated quantity, and the remaining executed trades of interest are also displayed. Trades are displayed using an associated indicator for indicating whether the corresponding executed trade or aggregated trade traded on the bid side or on the offer side of the market, and which indicates whether additional volume is available at the associated trade price.
Abstract:
A charged particle beam irradiation apparatus includes: a scanning electromagnet that scans a charged particle beam; and a degrader that is provided on a downstream side of the scanning electromagnet in a scanning direction of the charged particle beam and adjusts a range of the charged particle beam by reducing energy of the charged particle beam. The degrader is configured to be closer to an upstream side in the scanning direction of the charged particle beam, outward in the scanning direction.